考研习题练习

考研模拟试题(2019/11/6)
1题:脾的阳气失调病机,下列哪项不确切
A.健运无权,气血生化不足
B.运化失职,津液代谢失常
C.升举无力,中气下陷
D.受纳失调,消谷善饥
E.统血无权,血溢脉外
【单选题】:        

2题:{{B}}PartC{{/B}}
{{B}}Directions: {{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments intoChinese. Your translation should be written clearly onANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone. What is needed is a technology of behavior, but we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology might be drawn, (46) {{U}}One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on{{/U}}. Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them, (47) {{U}}The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other lands of explanations have been hard to find{{/U}}. The environment is obviously important, but its role has remained obscure. It does not push or pull, it selects, and this function is difficult to discover and analyze. (48). {{U}}The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied{{/U}}.As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood, however, effects once assigned to states of mind, feelings, and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions, and a technology of behavior may therefore become available. It will not solve our problems, however, until it replaces traditional pre-scientific views, and these are strongly entrencheD、Freedom and dignity illustrate the difficulty. (49) {{U}}They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements{{/U}}.A、scientific analysis shifts both the responsibility and the achievement to the environment. It also raises questions concerning "values". Who will use a technology and to what ends (50) {{U}}Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with impossibly the only way to solve our problems.{{/U}}
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【分析题】:
3题:下列行为中属于民事代理的是( )。
A.代为书写遗嘱
B.代拟发言稿
C.代买办公用品
D.代为主持会议
【单选题】:      

4题: 如果你要开办自己的公司,你必须至少在一件事情上让人知道你很棒。比如,你的产品比别人做得好;别人也做得一样好时,你比别人快:别人也同样快时,你比别人成本低:别人的成本也一样低时,你比别人附加值高。 下面哪一项最不接近上面这段话的意思( )
A.只有至少在一件事情上做得最好,你的公司才能够在市场竞争中站稳脚跟。
B.如果你的公司在任何事情上都不是最好,它就很可能在市场竞争中败下阵来。
C.如果你的公司至少在一件事情上做得最好,它就一定能够获得巨额利润。
D.除非你的公司在至少一件事情上做得最好,否则,它就不能在市场竞争中获得成功。
【单选题】:      

5题:Maybe it’’s a sign of a mature mind when some of life’’s bigger questions-about love, faith, ambition-suddenly seem more manageable than smaller ones, such as:Why did I just open the refrigerator Where on earth did I put my keys Where did I write down that phone number   Our capacity for storing and recalling information does not stream down like sand through an hourglass, as neurologists once believeD、On the contrary, new research suggests that, when stimulated in the right way, brains of almost any age can give birth to cells and forge fresh pathways to file away new information. This emerging picture has not only encouraged those who treat and care for the 5% of older adults who have dementia (痴呆症) such asAlzheimer’’s disease, but also generated a wave of optimism among those studying memory changes in the other 95%, as well as an increasing public fascination with "memory enhancement" dietary supplements, books and brain-improving techniques.  The slight failures of memory that many of us attribute to a failing brain are often due to something entirely different: anxiety, sleep problems, depression, even heart disease. The biological nuts and bolts of learning and memory in fact change little over time in healthy people, researchers say. "There’’s very little cell loss, and structurally all the machinery is there, even very late in life," said a neuroscientist GregCole. It’’s the cells’’ speed and ability to send and receive signals that diminish gradually, which is what makes the mind go blank when trying to recall familiar words and names.  For more than a decade, researchers have known that people who have active, intellectually challenging lives are less likely to develop dementia than those who do not. Part of this difference is attributable to intelligence, some doctors believe:The more you start with, the longer it takes to lose it.And new evidence suggests that the act of using your brain is in itself protective, no matter who you are.  All of the activities, such as reading newspapers, watching TV, playing games, etC、canimprove people’’s scores on standard tests measuring recall of numbers and names, experts say. They also acknowledge, however, that there is a big difference between playing chess with a friend and doing a mental exercise, such as memorizing numbers. One is an organic part of a person’’s life, the other a purely intellectual exercise, done in isolation. The first is fun; the second, often, is a tiring task. Experts suggest that the best way to avoid memory failures is
A、 to take more dietary supplements.
B. to keep mental function alive.
C. to find an intellectual occupation.
D. to do more intellectual exercises.
【单选题】:      

6题:如何理解毛泽东思想是中国化了的马克思主义
【分析题】:

Under pressure from animal welfare groups, two national science teachers associations have adopted guidelines that ban classroom experiments harming animals. The NationalAssociation ofBiology Teachers and the National Science TeachersAssociation hope to end animal abuse in elementary and secondary schools and, in turn, discourage students from mishandling animals in home experiments and science fair projects.
Animal welfare groups are apparently most concerned with high school students experimenting with animals in extracurricular projects.Barbara Orlans, President of the Scientists’Center forAnimal Welfare, said that students have been performing surgery at random, testing known poisonous substances, and running other pathology experiments on animals without even knowing normal physiology.
At one science fair, a student cut off the leg and tail of a lizard to demonstrate that only the tail can regenerate, she saiD、In another case, a student bound sparrows, starved them and observed their behavior.
"The amount of abuse has been quite horrifying," Orlans saiD、
Administrators of major science fairs are short-tempered over the teachers’ policy change and the impression it has createD、"The teachers were sold a bill of goods byBarbara Ortans," said Thurman Grafton, who heads the rules committee for the International Science andEngineering Fair. "Backyard tabletop surgery is just nonsense. The new policies throw cold water on students’ inquisitiveness," he saiD、
Grafton said he wouldn’t deny that there hasn’t been animal abuse among projects at the international fair, but he added that judges reject contestants who have unnecessarily injured animals. The judges have a hard time monitoring local and regional fairs that may or may not choose to comply with the international fair’s rules that stress proper care of animals, Grafton saiD、
He said that several years ago, the Westinghouse Science Talent Search banned harmful experiments to animals when sponsors threatened to cancel their support after animal welfare groups lobbied for change.
The teachers adopted the new policies also to fend off proposed legislation--in states including Missouri and New York--that would restrict or prohibit experiments on animals.
Officials of the two teachers organizations say that they don’t know how many animals have been abused in the classroom. On the one hand, many biology teachers are not trained in the proper care of animals, said Wayne Moyer, executive director of the biology teachers’ association. On the other, the use of animals in experiments has dropped in recent years because of school budget cuts. The association may set up seminars to teach better animal care to its members. (414 words)

{{B}}Notes:{{/B}} pathology 病理学。lizard 蜥蜴。tabletop 桌面。short-tempered 脾气急躁的。lobby for 游说支持。fend off 躲开。
7题:{{B}}Text 2{{/B}}
According to the text, animal welfare groups have succeeded inA.stopping all animal abuse in schools.
B.establishing guidelines that ban classroom experiments harming animals.
C.protecting animals from being experimented with in extracurricular projects.
D.persuading two national science teachers associations to adopt an animal protection policy.
【单选题】:      
8题:社会主义精神文明建设要以马克思主义为指导,这是因为马克思主义( )
A.提示了人类社会发展的普遍规律
B.决定着精神文明的物质基础
C.提供了解决实际问题的正确答案
D.规定着精神文明建设的方向
【多选题】:      

9题:下列关于还原型谷胱甘肽的叙述,错误的是
A.含有一个巯基
B.含有两个肽键
C.Glu的α-羧基参与肽键形成
D.它是体内重要的还原剂
E.还原型谷胱甘肽脱氢后转变为GS-SG
【单选题】:        

10题: 关于耳蜗微音器电位的描述,哪项不正确
  • A.没有潜伏期
  • B.有去极化电位,也有超极化电位
  • C.波形与声波无关
  • D.是多个毛细胞的感受器电位的复合表现

【单选题】:      

11题:以下是关于20世纪50年代我国国内矛盾认识的材料:材料1在打倒地主阶级和官僚资产阶级以后,中国内部主要矛盾既是工人阶级与民族资产阶级的矛盾,故不应再将民族资产阶级称为中间阶级。——摘自毛泽东《工人阶级与资产阶级的矛盾》材料2在我们国家里,工人阶级同民族资产阶级的矛盾属于人民内部矛盾。工人阶级同民族资产阶级斗争属于人民内部的阶级斗争。 ——摘自毛泽东《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》材料3我国国内的主要矛盾,已经是人民对于建立先进的工业国的要求同落后的农业国的现实之间的矛盾,已经是人民对经济文化迅速发展的需要同当前经济文化不能满足人民需要之间的矛盾。 ——摘自中共八大决议请回答:(1)材料中对国内主要矛盾的分析是否正确 为什么 (2)材料2提出了一个什么观点 在实际工作中如何处理的 依据是什么 (3)材料3中对国内主要矛盾的认识是否正确 请说明理由。
【分析题】:

12题: 下列各句中加点成语的使用,恰当的一句是:
A.百年校庆时,国内各地和海外的许多校友回到母校,一时胜友如云,一片欢腾景象。
B.这个学期,学校评比了一批优秀教师、优秀学生,召开了表彰大会,真正做到了激浊扬清
C.这幅杰作只有寥寥几笔,每一笔都很简单而平常,可是,却能深深地吸引人,有种余音绕梁的艺术力量。
D.有的中学生夙兴夜寐沉迷于电子游戏而不能自拔,结果荒废了学业。
【单选题】:      

13题:When it comes to the slowing economy,Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet.But the 47-year-old manicurist isn’t cutting, filling or polishing as nails as she’d like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. "I’m a good economic indicator," she says, "I provide a service that people can do without when they’re concerned about saving some dollars." So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-browDillard’s department store near her suburbanCleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus, "I don’t know it other clients are going to abandon me, too." She says.
Even beforeAlan Greenspan’s admission thatAmerica’s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealer-ships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving andChristmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time.Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year’s pace.But don’t sound any alarms just yet.Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.
Consumers say they’re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty gooD、Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, "there’s a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses." Says brokerBarbaraCorcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. "Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three," says John Tealdi, aBayArea real-estate broker.And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a joB、
Many folks see silver linings to this slow-down. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates.Employers wouldn’t mind a little fewer buddles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom.Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan’s hot newAlainDucasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan &Co. may still be worth toasting.
When mentioning "the $4 million to $10 million range" (Line 3, ParA、3) the author is talking about ______.
A、gold marketB、real estate

C、stock exchange D、venture investment
【单选题】:      

14题:设总体X服从指数分布,概率密度为

X1,X2,…,Xn为取自总体X的简单随机样本.
证明[*]仍服从指数分布;
【分析题】:

15题:当西方企业还在产品质量的竞争中拼搏时,日本企业已开始改变竞争方式,将重点转移到顾客服务方面来。继质量之后,服务变成了企业下一个全力以赴的目标。
以下哪项不是上面文中之意


A.质量是企业生存的根本,是迎合顾客消费心理的唯一法宝。
B.要通过提供实用、创新、符合市场需求的产品,来增加顾客满意度。
C.通过合理的雇用程序,录用最为顾客着想和最有责任心的员工。
D.让产品超越顾客的期待,是使顾客建立忠诚度的最有效的办法。
【单选题】:      

16题:治疗室性快速性心律失常首选的抗心律失常药物是
A.奎尼丁
B.维拉帕米
C.普萘洛尔
D.利多卡因
E.胺碘酮
【单选题】:        

17题: 在生态系统的食物链中,凡是以相同方式获取相同性质食物的植物类群或动物类群称作一个营养级,在食物链中从初级生产者植物起到顶部肉食动物止。“螳螂捕蝉,黄雀在后”这句成语隐含的生物链中至少有______个营养级。
A.5
B.4
C.3
D.2
【单选题】:      

18题:桑代克的学习律包括三个成分,即准备律、效果律和()。
A.联结律
B.反馈律
C.反思律
D.练习律
【单选题】:      

19题:下列关于文艺复兴时期北欧人文主义教育的说法,不正确的是 ( )
A.十分强调虔诚与道德的价值
B.强调教育与社会的联系,重视治人治世之学
C.古典科目构成课程的基础和主体
D.避免了形式主义的倾向
【单选题】:      

20题:
【单选题】:      

 

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