【单选题】慢性肺心病心力衰竭时,为降低肺动脉高压,减轻右心负荷,下列治疗中宜选
A.地高辛
B.呋塞米
C.改善通气
D.静滴多巴胺
A.地高辛
B.呋塞米
C.改善通气
D.静滴多巴胺
【单选题】
{{B}}pArtA{{/B}}
{{B}}DirECtions:{{/B}}
rEAD thE Following Four tExts.AnswEr thE quEstions BElow EACh tExt By ChoosingA,B,C、orD、mArk your AnswErs onAnswEr shEEt 1.
{{B}}tExt 1{{/B}}
whiCh oF thE Following stAtEmEnts DoEs thE Author AgrEE withA.gross nAtionAl proDuCt is A sAFE mEAsurE For EConomiC growth.
B.inCrEAsing nAturAl rEsourCEs will Bring soCiAl wEll-BEing.
C.prospErity DEClinE mostly ACCompAniED By populAtion growth.
D.growth DoEs not nECEssArily rEsult in prospErity.
{{B}}pArtA{{/B}}
{{B}}DirECtions:{{/B}}
rEAD thE Following Four tExts.AnswEr thE quEstions BElow EACh tExt By ChoosingA,B,C、orD、mArk your AnswErs onAnswEr shEEt 1.
{{B}}tExt 1{{/B}}
in most pEoplE’s minD, growth is AssoCiAtED with prospErity. wE juDgE how wEll thE EConomy is Doing By thE sizE oF thE gross nAtionAl proDuCt (gnp), A mEAsurE, supposEDly, oF growth.EquAlly AxiomAtiC, howEvEr, is thE notion thAt inCrEAsED prEssurE on DEClining nAturAl rEsourCEs must inEvitABly lEAD to A DEClinE in prospErity, EspECiAlly whEn ACCompAniED By A growth in populAtion. so, whiCh is CorrECt whAt growth ADvoCAtEs mEAn, primArily, whEn thEy sAy growth is nECEssAry For prospErity is thAt growth is nECEssAry For thE smooth FunCtioning oF thE EConomiC systEm. in onE FiElD thE ArgumEnt in FAvor oF growth is pArtiCulArly CompElling AnD thAt is with rEgArD to thE thirD worlD、to ArguE AgAinst growth in light oF thirD worlD povErty AnD DEgrADAtion sEEms unsympAthEtiC、But is itCoulD it BE thAt growth, EspECiAlly thE growth oF thE wEAlthiEr CountriEs, hAs ContriButED to thE impovErishmEnt, not thE ADvAnCEmEnt, oF thirD worlD CountriEs iF not, how Do wE ACCount For thE DEspErAtE strAits thEsE CountriEs FinD thEmsElvEs in toDAy AFtEr A CEntury oF DEDiCAtion to growth to sEE how this might BE thE CAsE wE must look At thE impACt oF growth on thirD worlD CountriEs—thE rEAlity, not thE ABstrACt stAgEs-oF-EConomiC-growth thEory ADvoCAtED through rosE ColorED glAssEs By ACADEmiCiAns oF thE DEvElopED worlD、whAt gooD is growth to thE pEoplE oF thE thirD worlD iF it mEAns thE ConvErsion oF pEAsAnt FArms into mEChAnizED Agri-BusinEssEs proDuCing CommoDitiEs not For loCAl Consumption But For Export, iF it mEAns thE stripping oF thEir lAnD oF its minErAl AnD othEr nAturAl trEAsurEs to thE BEnEFit oF ForEign invEstors AnD A hAnDFul oF thEir loCAl CollABorAtors, iF it mEAns thE Assumption oF A Crushing ForEign inDEBtEDnEss ADmittEDly, this is An ovErsimpliFiCAtion.But thE point, i BEliEvE, rEmAins vAliD: thAt growth in unDErDEvElopED CountriEs CAnnot simply BE juDgED in thE ABstrACt; it must BE juDgED BAsED on thE truE nAturE oF growth in thEsE soCiEtiEs, on who BEnEFits AnD who is hArmED, on whErE growth is lEADing thEsE pEoplE AnD whErE it hAs lEFt thEm. whEn ConsiDErED in this wAy, it just might BE thAt in thE prEsEnt ContExt growth is morE DEtrimEntAl to thE wEll-BEing oF thE wrEtChED oF thE EArth thAn BEnEFiCiAl. so, Do wE nEED growth For prospErity only thE ADoption oF zEro growth CAn proviDE thE AnswEr.But thAt is A tEst not EAsily unDErtAkEn. moDEm EConomiEs ArE inCrEDiBly ComplEx phEnomEnA, A triButE to mAn’s ABility to orgAnizE AnD A ChAllEngE to his ABility to unDErstAnD、Anything thAt AFFECts thEir FunCtioning, suCh As A poliCy oF zEro growth, shoulD not BE proposED without A wAry CArEFulnEss AnD sElF-DouBting humility.But iF thE prospECt oF lEAping into thE EConomiC unknown is FEAr-inspiring, EquAlly so is thE prospECt oF lEtting thAt FEAr prEvEnt us From ACting whEn thE FAilurE to ACt CoulD mEAn untolD misEry For FuturE gEnErAtions AnD pErhAps EnvironmEntAl DisAstEr whiCh thrEAtEn our vEry ExistEnCE. |
whiCh oF thE Following stAtEmEnts DoEs thE Author AgrEE withA.gross nAtionAl proDuCt is A sAFE mEAsurE For EConomiC growth.
B.inCrEAsing nAturAl rEsourCEs will Bring soCiAl wEll-BEing.
C.prospErity DEClinE mostly ACCompAniED By populAtion growth.
D.growth DoEs not nECEssArily rEsult in prospErity.
【单选题】stArting with his rEviEw oF skinnEr’s vErBAlBEhAvior, noAmChomsky hAD lED thE psyCholinguists who ArguE thAt mAn hAs DEvElopED An innAtE (天生的) CApACity For DEAling with thE linguistiC univErsAls Common to All lAnguAgEs.ExpEriEnCE AnD lEArning thEn proviDE only inFormAtion ABout thE (1) instAnCEs oF thosE univErsAl AspECts oF lAnguAgE whiCh ArE nEEDED to CommuniCAtE with othEr pEoplE within A pArtiCulAr lAnguAgE (2) .
this linguistiC ApproACh (3) thE viEw thAt lAnguAgE is Built upon lEArnED AssoCiAtions BEtwEEn worDs. whAt is lEArnED is not strings oF worDs pEr sE (本身), But (4) rulEs thAt EnABlE A spEAkEr to (5) An inFinitE vAriEty oF novEl sEntEnCEs. (6) singlE worDs ArE lEArnED As ConCEpts: thEy Do not stAnD in A onE-to-onE (7) with thE pArtiCulAr thing signiFiED, But (8) All mEmBErs oF A gEnErAl ClAss.
this viEw oF thE innAtE AspECt oF lAnguAgE lEArning is At First not rEADily (9) into Existing psyChologiCAl FrAmEworks AnD (10) A ChAllEngE thAt hAs stimulAtED muCh thought AnD nEw rEsEArCh DirECtions.Chomsky ArguEs thAt A prEConDition For lAnguAgE DEvElopmEnt is thE ExistEnCE oF CErtAin prinCiplEs "intrinsiC (原有的) to thE minD" thAt proviDE invAriAnt struCturEs (11) pErCEiving, lEArning AnD thinking. lAnguAgE (12) All oF thEsE proCEssEs; thus its stuDy (13) our thEoriEs oF knowlEDgE in gEnErAl.
BAsiC to this moDEl oF lAnguAgE is thE notion thAt A ChilD’s lEArning oF lAnguAgE is A kinD oF thEory (14) . it’s thought to BE ACComplishED (15) ExpliCit instruCtion, (16) oF intElligEnCE lEvEl, At An EArly AgE whEn hE is not CApABlE oF othEr ComplEx (17) or motor AChiEvEmEnts, AnD with rElAtivEly littlE rEliABlE DAtA to go on. (18) , thE ChilD ConstruCts A thEory oF An iDEAl lAnguAgE whiCh hAs BroAD (19) powEr.Chomsky ArguEs thAt All ChilDrEn CoulD not DEvElop thE sAmE BAsiC thEory (20) it not For thE innAtE ExistEnCE oF propErtiEs oF mEntAl orgAnizAtion whiCh limit thE possiBlE propErtiEs oF lAnguAgEs.
A.instinCtivE
B.ADDiCtivE
C、tEntAtivE
D.prEDiCtivE
this linguistiC ApproACh (3) thE viEw thAt lAnguAgE is Built upon lEArnED AssoCiAtions BEtwEEn worDs. whAt is lEArnED is not strings oF worDs pEr sE (本身), But (4) rulEs thAt EnABlE A spEAkEr to (5) An inFinitE vAriEty oF novEl sEntEnCEs. (6) singlE worDs ArE lEArnED As ConCEpts: thEy Do not stAnD in A onE-to-onE (7) with thE pArtiCulAr thing signiFiED, But (8) All mEmBErs oF A gEnErAl ClAss.
this viEw oF thE innAtE AspECt oF lAnguAgE lEArning is At First not rEADily (9) into Existing psyChologiCAl FrAmEworks AnD (10) A ChAllEngE thAt hAs stimulAtED muCh thought AnD nEw rEsEArCh DirECtions.Chomsky ArguEs thAt A prEConDition For lAnguAgE DEvElopmEnt is thE ExistEnCE oF CErtAin prinCiplEs "intrinsiC (原有的) to thE minD" thAt proviDE invAriAnt struCturEs (11) pErCEiving, lEArning AnD thinking. lAnguAgE (12) All oF thEsE proCEssEs; thus its stuDy (13) our thEoriEs oF knowlEDgE in gEnErAl.
BAsiC to this moDEl oF lAnguAgE is thE notion thAt A ChilD’s lEArning oF lAnguAgE is A kinD oF thEory (14) . it’s thought to BE ACComplishED (15) ExpliCit instruCtion, (16) oF intElligEnCE lEvEl, At An EArly AgE whEn hE is not CApABlE oF othEr ComplEx (17) or motor AChiEvEmEnts, AnD with rElAtivEly littlE rEliABlE DAtA to go on. (18) , thE ChilD ConstruCts A thEory oF An iDEAl lAnguAgE whiCh hAs BroAD (19) powEr.Chomsky ArguEs thAt All ChilDrEn CoulD not DEvElop thE sAmE BAsiC thEory (20) it not For thE innAtE ExistEnCE oF propErtiEs oF mEntAl orgAnizAtion whiCh limit thE possiBlE propErtiEs oF lAnguAgEs.
A.instinCtivE
B.ADDiCtivE
C、tEntAtivE
D.prEDiCtivE
【单选题】JOSEPH RYKWERT entered his field when post-war modernist architecture was coming under fire for its alienating embodiment of outmoded social ideals. Think of the UN building in New York, the city ofBrasilia, the UNESCO building in Paris, the blocks of housing "projects" throughout the worl
D、These tall, uniform boxes are set back from the street, isolated by windswept plazas. They look inward to their own functions, presenting no "face" to the inhabitants of the city, no "place" for social interaction. For Mr. Rykwert, who rejects the functionalist spirit of theAthensCharter of 1933, a manifesto for much post-war building, such facelessness destroys the human meaning of the city.Architectural form should not rigidly follow function, but ought to reflect the needs of the social body it represents.
Like other forms of representation, architecture is the embodiment of the decisions that go into its making, not the result of impersonal forces, market or historical. Therefore, says Mr. Rykwert, adapting Joseph de Maistre's dictum that a nation has the government it deserves, our cities have the faces they deserve,
In this book, Mr. Rykwert, a noted urban historian of anthropological bent, offers a flaneur's approach to the city's exterior surface rather than an urban history from the conceptual inside out. He does not drive, so his interaction with the city affords him a warts-and-all view with a sensual grasp of what it is to be a "place".
His story of urbanization begins, not surprisingly, with the industrial revolution when populations shifted and increased, exacerbating problems of housing and crime. In the 19th century many planning programs and utopiasEbenezer Howard's garden city andCharles Fourier's “phalansteries" among them) were proposed as remedies. These have left their mark on 20th-century cities, as didBaron Hausmann's boulevards in Paris,Eugene Viollet-le-Duc's and Owen Jones's arguments for historical style, andAdolf Loos's fateful turn-of-the-century call to abolish ornament which, in turn, inspired LeCorbusier's austere modem functionalism. The reader will recognize all these ideas in the surfaces of the cities that hosted them: New York, Paris, London, and Vienn
A、
Cities changed again after the Second World War as populations grew, technology raced and prosperity sprea
D、Like it or not, today's cities are the muddled product, among other things, of speed, greed, outmoded social agendas and ill-suited postmodern aesthetics. Some bemoan the old city's death; others welcome its replacement by the electronically driven "global village". Mr. Rykwert has his worries, to be sure, but he does not see ruin or anomie everywhere. He defends the city as a human and social necessity. InChandigarh,Canberra and New York he sees overall success; in NewDelhi, Paris and Shanghai, large areas of failing. For Mr. Rykwert, a man on foot in the age of speeding virtual, good architecture may still show us a face where flaneurs can read the story of their urban setting in familiar metaphors.
26.An argument made by supporters of functionism is that
A、post-war modernist architecture was coming under fire
B、UN building in New York blocks the housing projects
C、windswept plazas present “face” to the inhabitants of the city
D、functionism reflects the needs of the social body
27.According to Mr Rykwert, “dictum” can serve as
A、book
B、market
C、form
D、words
28.The word “exacerbating”(line 3, para 4) means
A、deteriorating
B、inspiring
C、encouraging
D、surprising
29.According to Mr Rykwert, he
A、sees damage here and there
B、is absolutely a functionist
C、is completely disappointed with the city’s death
D、is objectively commenting the city ?
30. The author associates the issue of functionism with post-war modernist architecture because
A、they are both Mr Rykwert’s arguments
B、it is a comparison to show the importance of post-war modernist architecture
C、functionism and post-war modernism architecture are totally contradictory
D、Mr Rykwert supports functionism
D、These tall, uniform boxes are set back from the street, isolated by windswept plazas. They look inward to their own functions, presenting no "face" to the inhabitants of the city, no "place" for social interaction. For Mr. Rykwert, who rejects the functionalist spirit of theAthensCharter of 1933, a manifesto for much post-war building, such facelessness destroys the human meaning of the city.Architectural form should not rigidly follow function, but ought to reflect the needs of the social body it represents.
Like other forms of representation, architecture is the embodiment of the decisions that go into its making, not the result of impersonal forces, market or historical. Therefore, says Mr. Rykwert, adapting Joseph de Maistre's dictum that a nation has the government it deserves, our cities have the faces they deserve,
In this book, Mr. Rykwert, a noted urban historian of anthropological bent, offers a flaneur's approach to the city's exterior surface rather than an urban history from the conceptual inside out. He does not drive, so his interaction with the city affords him a warts-and-all view with a sensual grasp of what it is to be a "place".
His story of urbanization begins, not surprisingly, with the industrial revolution when populations shifted and increased, exacerbating problems of housing and crime. In the 19th century many planning programs and utopiasEbenezer Howard's garden city andCharles Fourier's “phalansteries" among them) were proposed as remedies. These have left their mark on 20th-century cities, as didBaron Hausmann's boulevards in Paris,Eugene Viollet-le-Duc's and Owen Jones's arguments for historical style, andAdolf Loos's fateful turn-of-the-century call to abolish ornament which, in turn, inspired LeCorbusier's austere modem functionalism. The reader will recognize all these ideas in the surfaces of the cities that hosted them: New York, Paris, London, and Vienn
A、
Cities changed again after the Second World War as populations grew, technology raced and prosperity sprea
D、Like it or not, today's cities are the muddled product, among other things, of speed, greed, outmoded social agendas and ill-suited postmodern aesthetics. Some bemoan the old city's death; others welcome its replacement by the electronically driven "global village". Mr. Rykwert has his worries, to be sure, but he does not see ruin or anomie everywhere. He defends the city as a human and social necessity. InChandigarh,Canberra and New York he sees overall success; in NewDelhi, Paris and Shanghai, large areas of failing. For Mr. Rykwert, a man on foot in the age of speeding virtual, good architecture may still show us a face where flaneurs can read the story of their urban setting in familiar metaphors.
26.An argument made by supporters of functionism is that
A、post-war modernist architecture was coming under fire
B、UN building in New York blocks the housing projects
C、windswept plazas present “face” to the inhabitants of the city
D、functionism reflects the needs of the social body
27.According to Mr Rykwert, “dictum” can serve as
A、book
B、market
C、form
D、words
28.The word “exacerbating”(line 3, para 4) means
A、deteriorating
B、inspiring
C、encouraging
D、surprising
29.According to Mr Rykwert, he
A、sees damage here and there
B、is absolutely a functionist
C、is completely disappointed with the city’s death
D、is objectively commenting the city ?
30. The author associates the issue of functionism with post-war modernist architecture because
A、they are both Mr Rykwert’s arguments
B、it is a comparison to show the importance of post-war modernist architecture
C、functionism and post-war modernism architecture are totally contradictory
D、Mr Rykwert supports functionism
【单选题】气机升降之枢是指
A.肺主呼气,肾主纳气
B.心火下降,肾水上升
C.肝主左升,肺主右降
D.脾气主升,胃气主降
A.肺主呼气,肾主纳气
B.心火下降,肾水上升
C.肝主左升,肺主右降
D.脾气主升,胃气主降
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