口译笔译考试中级口译易错题（2018/12/14）

第1题：国际贸易的基本原则是平等互利，各国追求各自的利益是正常的，出现一些摩擦和纠纷也是不可避免的。关键要以冷静而明智的态度正确对待和处理摩擦和纠纷。// 就中美贸易而言，互利共赢的经贸关系给两国人民带来了实实在在的经济利益。今天，美国在华投资设立的企业已超过4 万家，投资额达450 亿美元。// 美国500 强企业有400 多家进入中国，大多数企业获利丰厚。与此同时，在美国市场上，许多中国商品受到美国消费者的青睐。中国在美国投资设立的企业已超过1000 家。// 我们可以预见，中美贸易摩擦将随着经贸关系的深化而凸显，但是中美经贸合作的总体发展是不可逆转的。主要有两个原因，其一：中美贸易具有很大互补性。其二：中国产品具有明显的劳动力成本优势。//

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第2题：　I think Chinese businesspeople tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirect manner， as opposed to the more direct style of American businesspeople， who are said to work with the “get-down-to-business-first” mentality. // The Chinese-type management encourages cooperation among employees， between the labor and the management， and gives employees a joy of participation and fulfillment， as well as a sense of pride in their work.// And most Chinese try to find the meaning of life through working in their jobs， and view work as essential for having membership in a community.// The American-type， or the top-down， management emphasizes efficiency， and competition among workers. The American work ethic seems to be more individual oriented. Traditionally， Americans work because it is the will of God， and often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.//

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第3题：我赞同许多东亚学者的观点，东方文明可以医治盛行于西方世界的一些顽疾。西方世界个人自由主义泛滥导致了极端个人主义、性关系混乱以及过度暴力行为，对此我们不能视而不见 .// 相反，东方社会的自我约束力，集体责任感以及温厚儒雅的传统倒可以消除西方社会的许多恶疾。// 在这个信息时代，世界已缩小成一个地球村。这个地球村里，不再有什么泾渭分明的东方世界和西方世界，我们是生活在同一个社区里的邻里。// 因此，我们彼此之间无须冲突。我们之间的关系应该是一种友好合作，平等互补的关系。我们应该相互理解，相互学习，和睦共处。//

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第4题：Innovation starts at the top， and it is important for leaders to create an environment where innovation is constant， where people have the skills and incentives to think creatively. In doing so， you attract talents that want to contribute to that environment， creating a virtuous cycle for the company.// Shanghai's leadership has worked hard to create an environment where businesses can succeed. For example， Shanghai's transportation links to the world， including Pudong International Airport and the new deep water port facility， have achieved world-class status// We live in an era where innovation is central to economic growth and prosperity. It is comfortable to hold onto the old ways of doing business. But innovation is hard because it usually leads to change. Innovation requires new ideas， new processes， and new institutions.// New technologies and approaches can radically change an existing market， creating new customers and competitions. But innovation and its accompanying disruption can be managed through good leadership， a long term strategy， and good people. President Hu Jintao stated at the beginning of this year that “Innovation is the core of the nation's competitiveness.”//

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第5题：　过去10年，海平面升高和森林砍伐的速度都是前所未有的;生态恶化、物种灭绝、臭氧层被破坏、温室效应、酸雨等一系列环境问题已经严重影响到人类的生存环境。// 环境恶化造成的问题之一就是缺水。目前全世界40%以上的人口，即20 多亿人，面临缺水问题。据预测，未来25 年全球人口将由60 亿增长到80 亿，环境保护面临更大的压力。// 中国作为一个发展中国家，面临着发展经济和保护环境的双重任务。从国情出发，中国在全面推进现代化的过程中，将环境保护视为一项基本国策。// 众所周知，对生态环境和生物多样性的保护是环保工作的重点。我国野生动植物物种丰富，仅脊椎动物就有6000 多种左右，高等植物3 万多种。//

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