MBA易错题（2019/3/2）

第1题：Discussion of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans(波多黎各人) in the United States has focused on two factors: social standing and the loss of national culture. In general, excessive stress is placed on one factor or the other, depending on whether the commentator is NorthAmerican or Puerto Rican. Many NorthAmerican social scientists, such as Oscar Handlin, Joseph Fitzpatrick, and Oscar Lewis, consider Puerto Ricans as the most recent in a long line of ethnic entrants to occupy the lowest rung on the social ladder. (46) Such a "socio demographic" approach tends to regard assimilation as a benign process, taking for granted increased economic advantage and inevitable cultural integration, in a supposedly egalitarian context. However, this approach fails to take into account the colonial nature of the Puerto Rican case, with this group, unlike theirEuropean predecessors, coming from a nation politically subordinated to the United States. (47) Even the "radical" critiques of this mainstream research model, such as the critique developed inDivided Society, attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social mobility and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination of Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority. In contrast, the "colonialist" approach of island based writers such asEduardo Seda-Bonilla, Manuel Maldonado-Denis, and Luis Nieves-Falcon tends to view assimilation as the forced loss of national culture in an unequal contest with imposed foreign values. There is, of course, a strong tradition of cultural accommodation among other Puerto Rican thinkers. The writings ofEugenio Fernandez Mendez clearly exemplify this tradition, and many supporters of Puerto Rico’s commonwealth status share the same universalizing orientation. (48) But the Puerto Rican intellectuals who have written most about the assimilation process in the United States all advance cultural nationalist views, advocating the preservation of minority cultural distinctions and rejecting what they see as the submission of colonial nationalities. This cultural and political emphasis is appropriate, but the colonialist thinkers misdirect it, overlooking the class relations at work in both Puerto Rican and NorthAmerican history. They pose the clash of national cultures as an absolute polarity, with each culture understood as static and undifferentiateD、(49) Yet both the Puerto Rican and NorthAmerican traditions have been subject to constant challenge from cultural forces within their own societies, forces that may move toward each other in ways that cannot be written off as mere "assimilation."Consider, for example, the indigenous andAfro-Caribbean traditions in Puerto Rican culture and how they influence and are influenced by otherCaribbean cultures andBlack cultures in the United States. (50) The elements of compulsion and inequality, so central to cultural contact according to the colonialist framework play no role in this kind of convergence of racially and ethnically different elements of the same social class.

【分析题】：

第2题：已知等比数列an，对任意正整数n，有a1+a2+…+an=2n-1，则a12+a22+…+an2=( )

【分析题】：

第3题：王芳获得的奖学金比李梁的高。在获知田小野的奖学金比李大明的高后，可知王芳的奖学金也比李大明的高。 以下各项假设均能使上述推断成立，除了： A．王芳的奖学金和田小野的一样。 B．李梁的奖学金比李大明的高。 C．李梁的奖学金比田小野的高。 D．李梁的奖学金和田小野的一样。 E．田小野的奖学金比王芳的高。

【单选题】： A     B     C     D     E

第4题：Shopping has always been something of an impulse activity, in which objects that catch our fancy while strolling are immediately bought on a whim.Advertisers and sellers have taken advantage of this fact, carefully positioning inexpensive but attractive items on paths that we are most likely to cross, hoping that our human nature will lead to a greater profit for them. With the dawn of the Internet and its exploding use across the world, the same tactics apply.Advertisers now place "banners", links to commercial web sites decorated with attractive pictures designed to catch our eyes while browsing the webs, on key web sites with heavy traffiC、They pay top dollar for the right, thus creating profits for the hosting web site as well. These actions are performed in the hopes that during the course of our casual and leisurely web surfing, we’ll click on that banner that sparks our interest and thus, in theory, buy the products advertise D、 Initial results have been positive. Web sites report a huge inflow of cash, both from the advertisers who tempt customers in with the banners and the hosting web sites, which are paid for allowing the banners to be put in place.As trust and confidence in Internet buying increases and information security is heightened with new technology, the volume of buying is increasing, leading to even greater profits. The current situation, however, is not quite as optimistiC、Just as magazine readers tend to unconsciously ignore advertisements in their favorite periodicals, web browsers are beginning to allow banners to slip their notice as well. Internet users respond to the flood of banners by viewing them as annoyances, a negative image that is hurting sales, since users are now less reluctant to click on those banners, preferring not to support the system that puts them in place. If Internet advertising is to continue to be a viable and profitable business practice, new methods will need to be considered to reinvigorate the industry. With the recent depression in the technology sector and slowing economy, even new practices may not do the trick.As consumers are saving more and frequenting traditional real estate businesses over their Internet counterparts, the fate of Internet business is called into question. The coming years will be the only reliable indication of whether shopping on the worldwide web is the wave of the future or simply an impulse activity whose whim has passe D、 Analyzing the current state of the online advertising in paragraph 4, the author implies that ______. A、it has to be modified over time to remain effective B、for all its current profits, it will fade in the long run C、banners are beginning to lose their advertising efficiency D、Internet advertising methods will continue to decrease sales

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第5题：When theAmerican economy was running full tilt two years ago, few places were as breathlessly delighted as Seattle. Its port was thronged with ships bringing goods fromAsi A、TheBoeingCompany could barely keep up with demand for its airliners. Microsoft was hiring hordes of software engineers.After each rain shower, another Internet millionaire sprang up. Here was a city that had it all--OldEconomy, NewEconomy, Not-Yet-InventedEconomy. Now it has all gone sour. The past 12 months have been a non-stop succession of disappointments.Boeing’s headquarters decamped toChicago. The Internet economy popped alike a balloon in a nail factory, taking with it once promising local ventures such as Homegrocer.com and leaving can’t-possibly-miss companies such as drugstore.com barely hanging on.And an already troubledBoeing was hit even harder after September 11th both by a steep drop in airliner orders and by losing a $ 200 billion Joint Strike Fighter contract to Lockheed Martin. Washington State, battered by what is happening in Seattle, now has the highest unemployment rate in the United States--6.6% compared with 5.4% in the country as a whole. Right behind it is next-door Oregon, another former boom state, with 6.5% of its workforce out of a job, the country’s second worst figure. In Oregon, manufacturing’s collapse has caused the loss of nearly 30,000 jobs in a year, those hit range from Freightliner, a maker of heavy lorries, to high-tech companies such as Intel and Fujitsu. What makes the current plunge so painful is that every part of the economy seems to have stepped into an open manhole at the same time. Three years ago, whenBoeing began to remove more than 20,000 people thatBoeing expects to lay off by the middle of 2002 have to compete with unemployed workers not just from the high-tech industry but from construction work and even the retail sector. Portland now has more jobless than the other parts of Oregon: the opposite of how things were years ago. Even worse, the Pacific north west’s downturn, as well as being deeper than the rest of the country, may also last longer. One reason for fearing this isBoeing’s continuing woes. NowadaysBoeing accounts for less than 5% of employment in the Seattle area, down from 9% two decades ago.But it remains the foundation on which the rest is built. Its network of suppliers and subcontractors gives it a far stronger multiplier effect than, say, Microsoft, which is more an island of prosperity than a center of weB、The chances are thatBoeing will not really bounce back until the assumed revival in air travel persuades airline companies to start buying plenty of aircraft again.And that may not be until 2003. What can be inferred in the passage concerningBoeing A、Its headquarter has been moved fromChicago to Seattle. B、It’s to be blamed for the economic depression in Washington. C、Boeing itself is having a hard time. D、It’s expected to have a revival in the year 2003.

【单选题】： A     B     C     D