MBA每日一练（2019/5/6）

第1题：The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) .But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength. (30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) .A、tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known (40) by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、 A、inefficientB、effectiveC、adequate D、sufficient

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第2题：TheAfricans’ interest is to guard preferential export rules enshrined in the temporaryAfrican Growth and OpportunityAct, passed byCongress in 2,000. Tariff-free exports of some 6,000 goods fromAfrica to the United States are boosting trade and investment in southernAfric A、Lesotho’s fast-growing textile industry depends almost entirely onChinese investment in factories to make clothes for sale in the United States. The region also wants more access toAmerica’s markets for fruit, beef and other agricultural goods. American interest lies mainly in SouthAfrica, by far the largest economy in the region. Services account for 60% of its GDP, and it increasingly dominates the rest ofAfrica in banking, information technology, telecom, retail’ and other areas. Just asBritish banks, such asBarclays, have moved theirAfrican headquarters to SouthAfrica over the past year,American investors see the country as a platform to the rest of the continent. Agreeing investment rules and resolving differences on intellectual property rights are the most urgent issues.American drug firms want to be part of the fast expansion in SouthAfrica of production of anti-retroviral drugs, used againstAIDS.By 2007 SouthAfrica alone expects 1.2m patients to take the drugs daily. The country might be the world’s biggest exporter of anti-AIDS drugs within a few years. Striking a bilateral deal now should makeAmerican investments easier. But Mr. Zoellick’s greater concern is for multilateral trade talks that stalled inCancun, Mexico, in September.AlecErwin, his SouthAfrican counterpart, helped to organize the G20 group of poor and middle-income countries that opposed jointAmerican-EU proposals there; he is widely tipped to take over as head of the World Trade Organization late next year, and would be a useful ally. So Mr. Zoellick is trying to charm hisAfrican partner by agreeing to drop support for most of a group of issues (known as "Singapore" issues) that jammed up the talks atCancun, and were opposed by poor countries; he says he also favors abolishing export subsidies inAmerica--though only if Japan and theEU agree to do the same. That would pleaseAfrican exporters who say such subsidies destroy markets for their goods. Mr. Zoellick’s efforts to make more friends may be paying off.Even thoughAmerica has treatedAfrica very shabbily on trade in the past, Mr.Erwin hints it is easier doing business withAmerica than withEurope or Japan. A、small sign, but perhaps a telling one. British banks move their headquarters to SouthAfrica because ______. A、SouthAfrica is a safer country compared with others inAfrica B、SouthAfrica is gradually becoming a financial center inAfrica C、SouthAfrica offers preferential banking terms to foreign banks D、SouthAfrica is a platform inAfrica for theAmerican investors

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第3题：One of the questions that is coming into focus as we face growing scarcity of resources of many kinds in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development community, the conventional wisdom has been that the 2 billion people living in poor countries could never expect to reach the standard of living that most of us in NorthAmerica enjoy, simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on.At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super affluence as though there were no limits on how much we could consume. We make up 6 percent of the world’s people; yet we consume one-third of the world’s resources. As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from within our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter.But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, "outsiders" are going to have some say over the rate at which and terms under which we consume. We will no longer be able to think in terms of "our" resources and "their" resources, but only of common resources. AsAmericans consuming such a disproportionate share of the world’s resources, we have to question whether or not we can continue our pursuit of super affluence in a world of scarcity. We are now reaching the point where we must carefully examine’ the presumed link between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumeD、If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-being is greatly enhanceD、But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesn’t make that much difference. In the eyes of most of the world today,Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still more. People elsewhere are beginning to ask why. This is the question we’re going to have to answer, whether we’re trying to persuade countries to step up their exports of oil to us or trying to convince them that we ought to be permitted to maintain our share of the world fish catch. The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition for, the world’s resources requires that we reexamine the way in which we relate to the rest of the worlD、It means we find ways of cutting back on resource consumption that is dependent on the resources and cooperation of other countries. We cannot expect people in these countries to concern themselves with our worsening energy and food shortages unless we demonstrate some concern for the hunger, illiteracy and disease that are diminishing life for them. The writer warnsAmericans that ______. A、their excessive consumption has caused world resource exhaustion B、they are confronted with the problem of how to obtain more material goods C、their unfair share of the world’s resources should give way to proper division among countries D、they have to discard their cars for lack of fossil fuel in the world

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第4题：在一次竞猜活动中，设有5关，如果连续通过2关就算闯关成功，小王通过每关的概率都是，他闯关成功的概率为( )．

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第5题：Advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory, rightDanaDenis is just 40 years old, but (21) she’s worried about what she calls "my rolling mental blackouts." "I try to remember something and I just blank out," she says. You may (22) about these lapses, calling them "senior moments" or blaming "earlyAlzheimer’s(老年痴呆症)." Is it an inescapable fact that the older you get, the (23) you remember Well, sort of.But as time goes by, we tend to blame age (24) problems that are not necessarily age-relateD、 "When a teenager can’t find her keys, she thinks it’s because she’s distracted or disorganized," says Paul Gold " A、70-year-old blames her (25) ." In fact, the 70-year-old may have been (26) things for decades. In healthy people, memory doesn’t worsen as (27) as many of us think. "As we (28) , the memory mechanism isn’t (29) ," says psychologist FergusCraik. "It’s just inefficient." The brain’s processing (30) slows down over the years, though no one knows exactly (31) Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and (32) there’s less activity in the brain.But, cautionsBarry Gordon, "It’s not clear that less activity is (33) . A、beginning athlete is winded(气喘吁吁) more easily than a (34) athlete. In the same way, (35) the brain gets more skilled at a task, it expends less energy on it. There are (36) you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears, though it (37) effort. Margaret Sewell says: "We’re a quick-fix culture, but you have to (38) to keep your brain (39) shape. It’s like having a good body. You can’t go to the gym once a year (40) expect to stay in top form.\ A、swiftly B、frequentlyC、timely D、quickly

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第6题：下列选项不属于提出职务扩大化和职务轮换的原因是( )。 A．分工过细引发的核心问题是工作单调、缺乏多样性 B．缺乏多样性会影响员工能力的发挥，激励作用不足 C．增加工作的多样性可以更有效地激励和使用员工 D．员工在长期内接触多种专项任务

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第7题： A、条件(1)充分，但条件(2)不充分. 　　 B、条件(2)充分，但条件(1)不充分. 　　 C、条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分，但条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来充分. 　　 D、条件(1)充分，条件(2)也不充分. 　　 E、条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分，条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来也不充分.已知曲线l:y=a+bx-6x2+x3.则(a+b-5)(a-b-5)=0. 　　(1)曲线l过点(1，0). 　　(2)曲线l过点(-1，0).

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第8题：That Louise Nevelson is believed by many critics to be the greatest twentieth- century sculptor is all the more remarkable because the greatest resistance to women artists has been, until recently, in the field of sculpture. Since Neolithic times, sculpture has been considered the prerogative of men, partly, perhaps, for purely physical reasons: it was erroneously assumed that women were not suited for the hard manual labor required in sculpting stone, carving wood, or working in metal. (47) It has been only during the twentieth century that women sculptors have been recognized as major artists, and it has been in the United States, especially since the decades of the fifties and sixties, that women sculptors have shown the greatest originality and creative power. Their rise to prominence parallels the development of sculpture itself in the United States : (48) while there had been a few talented sculptors in the United States before the 1940’s, it was only after 1945--when New York was rapidly becoming the art capital of the world--that major sculpture was produced in the United States. Some of the best was the work of women. By far the most outstanding of these women is Louise Nevelson, who in the eyes of many critics is the most original female artist alive today. One famous and influential critic, Hilton Kramer, said of her work, "For myself, I think Ms. Nevelson succeeds where the painters often fail. " Her works have been compared to theCubist constructions of Picasso, the Surrealistic objects of Miro, and the Merzbau of Schwitters. (49) Nevelson would be the first to admit that she has been influenced by all of these, as well as byAfrican sculpture, and by NativeAmerican and pre-Columbian art, but she has absorbed all these influences and still created a distinctive art that expresses the urban landscape and the aesthetic sensibility of the twentieth century. Nevelson says, "I have always wanted to show the world that art is everywhere, except that it has to pass through a creative minD、" (50) Using mostly discarded wooden objects like broken pieces of furniture and abandoned architectural ornaments, all of which she has hoarded for years, she assembles architectural constructions of great beauty and power.Creating very freely with no sketches, she glues and nails objects together, paints them black, or more rarely white or gold, and places them in boxes. These assemblages, walls, even entire environments create a mysterious, almost awe-inspiring atmosphere.Although she has denied any symbolic or religious intent in her works, their three-dimensional grandeur and even their titles, such as SkyCathedral and NightCathedral, suggest such connotations. In some ways, her most ambitious works are closer to architecture than to traditional sculpture, but then neither Louise Nevelson nor her art fits into any neat category.

【分析题】：

第9题：如果罗伯特参加晚会，那么莎丽、苔丝和维克多也将参加晚会。 如果上述陈述是正确的，下面哪一个叙述也必然是正确的 A．如果罗伯特不参加晚会，那么莎丽也不参加。 B．如果莎丽、苔丝和维克多参加晚会，那么，罗伯特也会参加。 C．如果罗伯特和莎丽参加晚会，那么苔丝和维克多不会参加。 D．如果维克多不参加晚会，那么罗伯特也不参加。 E．如果苔丝不参加晚会，那么莎丽也不参加。

【单选题】： A     B     C     D     E

第10题：下列选项中，( )不是企业组织结构设计时要遵循的基本原则。 A．权责对等 B．才职相称 C．命令统一 D．灵活多样

【单选题】： A     B     C     D