| MBA易错题（2019/5/10） |
| 第1题：TheAfricans’ interest is to guard preferential export rules enshrined in the temporaryAfrican Growth and OpportunityAct, passed byCongress in 2,000. Tariff-free exports of some 6,000 goods fromAfrica to the United States are boosting trade and investment in southernAfric A、Lesotho’s fast-growing textile industry depends almost entirely onChinese investment in factories to make clothes for sale in the United States. The region also wants more access toAmerica’s markets for fruit, beef and other agricultural goods. American interest lies mainly in SouthAfrica, by far the largest economy in the region. Services account for 60% of its GDP, and it increasingly dominates the rest ofAfrica in banking, information technology, telecom, retail’ and other areas. Just asBritish banks, such asBarclays, have moved theirAfrican headquarters to SouthAfrica over the past year,American investors see the country as a platform to the rest of the continent. Agreeing investment rules and resolving differences on intellectual property rights are the most urgent issues.American drug firms want to be part of the fast expansion in SouthAfrica of production of anti-retroviral drugs, used againstAIDS.By 2007 SouthAfrica alone expects 1.2m patients to take the drugs daily. The country might be the world’s biggest exporter of anti-AIDS drugs within a few years. Striking a bilateral deal now should makeAmerican investments easier. But Mr. Zoellick’s greater concern is for multilateral trade talks that stalled inCancun, Mexico, in September.AlecErwin, his SouthAfrican counterpart, helped to organize the G20 group of poor and middle-income countries that opposed jointAmerican-EU proposals there; he is widely tipped to take over as head of the World Trade Organization late next year, and would be a useful ally. So Mr. Zoellick is trying to charm hisAfrican partner by agreeing to drop support for most of a group of issues (known as "Singapore" issues) that jammed up the talks atCancun, and were opposed by poor countries; he says he also favors abolishing export subsidies inAmerica--though only if Japan and theEU agree to do the same. That would pleaseAfrican exporters who say such subsidies destroy markets for their goods. Mr. Zoellick’s efforts to make more friends may be paying off.Even thoughAmerica has treatedAfrica very shabbily on trade in the past, Mr.Erwin hints it is easier doing business withAmerica than withEurope or Japan. A、small sign, but perhaps a telling one. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ______. A、6,000 goods fromAfrica are tariff-free toAmerican countries B、preferential export rules are interesting to southernAfricans C、most clothes found in the U.S. are actually made byChinese D、Lesotho is willing to export more agricultural goods to the U.S. |
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| 第2题：September 11 should have driven home a basic lesson for theBush administration about life in an interconnected world: misery abroad threatens security at home. It is no coincidence that OsamaBin Laden found warm hospitality in the Taliban’sAfghanistan, whose citizens were among the most impoverished and oppressed on earth. If the administration took this lesson seriously, it would dump the rules of realpolitik that have governed U.S. foreign aid policy for 50 years. Instead, it is pouring money into an ally of convenience, Pakistan, which is ultimately likely to expand the ranks of anti-American terrorists abroaD、 To enlist Pakistan in the fight against the Taliban, theBush administration resurrected theCold War tradition of propping up despotic military regimes in the name of peace and freedom. Its commitment of billions of dollars to Pakistan since September 11 will further entrench the sort of government that has made Pakistan both a development failure and a geopolitical hotspot for decades. Within Pakistan, the aid may ultimately create enough angry young men to make upA1 Qaeda’s losses inAfghanistan. In SouthAsia as a whole, the cash infusion may accelerate a dangerous arms race with Indi A、 Historically, the U.S. government has cloaked aid to allies such as Pakistan in the rhetoric of economic development.As aCold War ally, Pakistan received some $ 37 billion in grants and loans from the West between 1960 and 1990, adjusting for inflation.And since September 11, the U.S. administration has promised more of the’ same. It has dropped sanctions imposed after Pakistan detonated a nuclear bomb in 1998, pushed through a $1.3 billion IMF loan for Pakistan, and called for another $2 billion from the WorldBank and theAsianDevelopmentBank. TheBush administration is also, ironically, pressing allies to join it in canceling or rescheduling billions of dollars of old (and failed) loans that were granted in past decades in response to similar arm-twisting. Despite--even because of--all this aid, Pakistan is now one of the most indebted, impoverished, militarized nations on earth. The causes of Pakistan’s poverty are sadly familiar. The government ignored family planning, leading to population expansion from 50 million in 1960 to nearly 150 million today, for an average growth rate of 2.6 percent a year. Foreign aid meant to pave rural roads went into unneeded city highways--or pockets of top officials.And the military grew large, goaded by a regional rivalry with India that has three times bubbled into war. The result is a government that, as former WorldBank economist WilliamEasterly has observed, "cannot bring off a simple and cheap measles (麻疹) vaccination (预防接种) program, and yet...can build nuclear weapons.\ It implies in the passage that ______. A、the U.S. government has been helping Pakistan’s economic development B、the U.S. approved Pakistan’s detonating nuclear bomb C、the Pakistan government is corrupt D、the Pakistan government didn’t pay much attention to family planning |
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| 第3题： Text 3 The Shanghai Technical SupervisionBureau recently released the results of a sample survey of 486 Model computers being sold in the city’s markets. The survey revealed that nine of 14 types, or 64 percent of imported brand-name computers fulfilled the standards. A、large number of the low-quality "foreign" computers which were marketed as world-famous brands were actually counterfeited shoddy products lacking the necessary information such as registered trademarks, factory of origin, quality certifications and safety indices. In addition, a survey of Shanghai footwear markets conducted by theBureau on 30-odd occasions since early this year indicated various brands of "foreign shoes," including Nike and Puma, were low-quality counterfeited goods. The allegedly world-famous brands, priced between 300-500 Yuan per pair, were actually worth only 40-60 Yuan. An official from theChinaConsumerAssociation pointed to the following complaints concerning "foreign goods": Quality problems related to individual commodities have developed into a universal problem directly relate to batch shipments of commodities. It is thus quite obvious that the crackdown on counterfeit shoddy foreign goods is a task requiring the utmost immediacy. The appearance of shoddy counterfeit foreign goods has adversely affected the normal operations ofChina’s real foreign-goods markets, has greatly harmed the interests of consumers and resulted in substantial losses in state tax revenue. Officials have pointed out that the key to cracking down on counterfeit foreign goods is to attack illegal acts related to selling sham foreign goods at the prices applicable for authentic products. Officials recommend that commodity inspection, technical supervision and industrial and commercial departments should strengthen law enforcement efforts, increase the frequency, of inspections, and eliminate the sources of sham foreign goods. Enterprises producing and marketing sham foreign goods should be subject to severe punishment, with all cases referred to the judicial departments for adjudication, and public supervision should be intensifieD、 Consumers, on the other hand, should make every effort to constantly enhance their ability to discern counterfeit foreign goods, and should refrain from blindly purchasing such products simply because of their low price. An official from theChinaConsumerAssociation pointed out that______.A．the quality of foreign goods should be improved immediately B．the problem of counterfeit shoddy foreign goods should be dealt with immediately C．more and more people were dissatisfied with the quality of foreign goods D．improper shipping could damage the quality of goods |
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| 第4题：TheAfricans’ interest is to guard preferential export rules enshrined in the temporaryAfrican Growth and OpportunityAct, passed byCongress in 2,000. Tariff-free exports of some 6,000 goods fromAfrica to the United States are boosting trade and investment in southernAfric A、Lesotho’s fast-growing textile industry depends almost entirely onChinese investment in factories to make clothes for sale in the United States. The region also wants more access toAmerica’s markets for fruit, beef and other agricultural goods. American interest lies mainly in SouthAfrica, by far the largest economy in the region. Services account for 60% of its GDP, and it increasingly dominates the rest ofAfrica in banking, information technology, telecom, retail’ and other areas. Just asBritish banks, such asBarclays, have moved theirAfrican headquarters to SouthAfrica over the past year,American investors see the country as a platform to the rest of the continent. Agreeing investment rules and resolving differences on intellectual property rights are the most urgent issues.American drug firms want to be part of the fast expansion in SouthAfrica of production of anti-retroviral drugs, used againstAIDS.By 2007 SouthAfrica alone expects 1.2m patients to take the drugs daily. The country might be the world’s biggest exporter of anti-AIDS drugs within a few years. Striking a bilateral deal now should makeAmerican investments easier. But Mr. Zoellick’s greater concern is for multilateral trade talks that stalled inCancun, Mexico, in September.AlecErwin, his SouthAfrican counterpart, helped to organize the G20 group of poor and middle-income countries that opposed jointAmerican-EU proposals there; he is widely tipped to take over as head of the World Trade Organization late next year, and would be a useful ally. So Mr. Zoellick is trying to charm hisAfrican partner by agreeing to drop support for most of a group of issues (known as "Singapore" issues) that jammed up the talks atCancun, and were opposed by poor countries; he says he also favors abolishing export subsidies inAmerica--though only if Japan and theEU agree to do the same. That would pleaseAfrican exporters who say such subsidies destroy markets for their goods. Mr. Zoellick’s efforts to make more friends may be paying off.Even thoughAmerica has treatedAfrica very shabbily on trade in the past, Mr.Erwin hints it is easier doing business withAmerica than withEurope or Japan. A、small sign, but perhaps a telling one. British banks move their headquarters to SouthAfrica because ______. A、SouthAfrica is a safer country compared with others inAfrica B、SouthAfrica is gradually becoming a financial center inAfrica C、SouthAfrica offers preferential banking terms to foreign banks D、SouthAfrica is a platform inAfrica for theAmerican investors |
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| 第5题： The horse and carriage is a thing of the past, but love and marriage are still with us and still closely interrelateD、MostAmerican marriages, particularly first marriages {{U}} (1) {{/U}} young couples, are the result of mutual attraction and affection {{U}} (2) {{/U}} than practical considerations. In the United States, parents do not arrange marriages for their children. Teenagers begin {{U}} (3) {{/U}} in high school and usually find mates through their own academic and social contacts. Though young people feel free to choose their friends from {{U}} (4) {{/U}} groups, most choose a mate of similar backgrounD、This is due in part to parental guidance. Parents cannot select spouses for their children, but they can usually {{U}} (5) {{/U}} choices by voicing disapproval of someone they consider unsuitable. {{U}} (6) {{/U}}, marriages between members of different groups (interclass, interfaith, and interracial marriages) are increasing, probably because of the greater {{U}} (7) {{/U}} of today’s youth and the fact that they are restricted by fewer prejudices than their parents. Many young people leave their home towns to attend colleges, {{U}} (9) {{/U}} in the armed forces, or pursue a career in the bigger cities. Once away from home and family, they are more {{U}} (9) {{/U}} to date and marry outside their own social group. In mobileAmerican society, interclass marriages are neither rare nor shocking. Interfaith marriages are on the rise particularly between Protestants andCatholics. On the other hand, interracial marriage is still very uncommon. It can be difficult for interracial couples to find a place to live, maintain friendships, and {{U}} (10) {{/U}} a family. Marriages between people of different national origin (but the same race and religion) have been commonplace here since colonial times. |