| MBA每日一练（2019/5/15） |
| 第1题：We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G.I.Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus. But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more.During theDepression and the war,Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the futrue, made small, efficient housing positively stylish. Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase "less is more" was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with theBauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts atAmerican architectrue schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course ofAmerican architectrue, but none more so that Mies. Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact that a lot.Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the futrue. Mies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty. The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built onChicago’s Lake ShoreDrive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along the city’s GoldCoast.But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time. The trend toward "less" was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century. The "Case Study Houses" commissioned from talented modern architects byCaliforniaArts ＆Architectrue magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the "less is more" trenD、Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In hisCase Study House, Ralph Rapson may have mispredicted just how the mechanical revolution would impact everyday life - fewAmerican families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers - but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shareD、 What can we learn about the design of the "Case Study House"A．Mechanical devices were widely useD、 B．Natural scenes were taken into consideration. C．Details were sacrificed for the overall effect. D．Eco-friendly materials were employeD、 |
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| 第2题：只有计算机科学家才懂得个人电脑的结构，并且只有那些懂得个人电脑结构的人才赞赏在过去10年中取得的技术进步。也就是说只有那些赞赏这些进步的人才是计算机科学家。 以下哪项最为准确地指出了上述论证中的逻辑错误 A．上述论证没有包含计算机科学家与那些赞赏在过去10年中取得技术进步的人之间的明确的或含蓄的关系。 B．上述论述忽视了这样的事实：计算机科学家除了赞赏过去10年中取得的技术进步之外，还会赞赏其他事情。 C．上述论证忽视了这样的事实：有些计算机科学家可能并不赞赏在过去10年中取得的技术进步。 D．上述论证的前提以这样的方式来陈述，即它们排除了得出任何合乎逻辑的结论的可能性。 E．上述论证的前提假定每个人都懂得个人计算机的结构。 |
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第3题：在法约尔的管理思想中，全部经营活动中最基础的职能要求是( )
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| 第4题：The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) .But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength. (30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) .A、tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known (40) by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、 A、substituteB、compensateC、accountD、qualify |
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| 第5题：The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) .But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength. (30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) .A、tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known (40) by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、 A、but B、andC、whileD、thus |
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| 第6题：The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) .But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength. (30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) .A、tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known (40) by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、 A、enemies B、neighbors C、disastersD、animals |
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| 第7题：明光食品厂对火腿、香肠、烤肉3种食品进行检验，检验它们所含的食品添加剂和它们所使用的包装材料，只有都通过检验的才能出厂。检验结果食品添加剂合格的有两种食品，包装材料合格的也有两种食品。 根据上述检验结果，以下哪项一定为真 A．至少有一种食品可以出厂。 B．有可能火腿、香肠、烤肉都不能出厂。 C．这些食品要出厂还需要通过其他检验。 D．火腿一定是合格的，所以可以出厂。 E．有两种食品可以出厂。 |
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| 第8题：One of the questions that is coming into focus as we face growing scarcity of resources of many kinds in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development community, the conventional wisdom has been that the 2 billion people living in poor countries could never expect to reach the standard of living that most of us in NorthAmerica enjoy, simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on.At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super affluence as though there were no limits on how much we could consume. We make up 6 percent of the world’s people; yet we consume one-third of the world’s resources. As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from within our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter.But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, "outsiders" are going to have some say over the rate at which and terms under which we consume. We will no longer be able to think in terms of "our" resources and "their" resources, but only of common resources. AsAmericans consuming such a disproportionate share of the world’s resources, we have to question whether or not we can continue our pursuit of super affluence in a world of scarcity. We are now reaching the point where we must carefully examine’ the presumed link between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumeD、If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-being is greatly enhanceD、But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesn’t make that much difference. In the eyes of most of the world today,Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still more. People elsewhere are beginning to ask why. This is the question we’re going to have to answer, whether we’re trying to persuade countries to step up their exports of oil to us or trying to convince them that we ought to be permitted to maintain our share of the world fish catch. The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition for, the world’s resources requires that we reexamine the way in which we relate to the rest of the worlD、It means we find ways of cutting back on resource consumption that is dependent on the resources and cooperation of other countries. We cannot expect people in these countries to concern themselves with our worsening energy and food shortages unless we demonstrate some concern for the hunger, illiteracy and disease that are diminishing life for them. The writer gives the example of bread to show that ______. A、the United States has been much richer than any other countries B、the United States has acquired more than what it has contributed C、the United States has been too greedy in its pursuit of super affluence D、the United States is more capable of pursuing affluence than other countries |
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| 第9题： 关于战略联盟，下列提法不正确的是( )。 A．分散风险并获得规模经济优势 B．联盟往往破裂 C．联盟不会导致组织的膨胀 D．加盟的企业降低了进入市场的壁垒 |
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| 第10题： {{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices markedA,B,C、andD、Choices the best one and mark your answers onANSWER SHEET 1. {{U}} (30) {{/U}} civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and {{U}} (31) {{/U}} tools became more {{U}} (32) {{/U}}.A、tool would {{U}} (33) {{/U}}a function until it proved {{U}} (34) {{/U}} in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the {{U}} (35) {{/U}} for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved {{U}} (36) {{/U}} reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, {{U}} (37) {{/U}} they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The {{U}} (38) {{/U}} of this tool can be {{U}} (39) {{/U}} to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known {{U}} (40) {{/U}} by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、 |