| MBA每日一练（2019/6/12） |
| 第1题：在最近一次的总统选举中，在对政党的捐款中个人捐资所占比例比四年前提高了25%。很明显，人们已经不像以前那样对政治漠不关心，而是对政治兴趣大增。 以下答案若均属实，哪一个最有力地削弱了上述论证
A．个人捐资平均数在这四年中实际上是下降了。 B．在这四年中，全民人均收入提高了15%。 C．公众领导一直在警告公民对政治漠不关心的危险性。 D．大公司对政党的捐款在这四年中下降了。 E．和四年前相比，在最近一次总统选举中投票人数减少了。 |
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| 第2题：现在工作为了以后享受的延迟满足的观念帮助塑造了现代社会的经济行为。然而，这种观念不再像从前那样不断地在孩子身上加以培养了。例如，过去孩子们需要花许多耐心才可把从麦片盒子里得来的玩具组装起来，而现在玩具从盒子里出来就是完整的。
下面哪一句是上文的假设 A．由于社会的经济状况改善了，所以麦片盒子里的玩具有了部分的改动。 B．促销这一花招对社会经济行为的影响逐年增加了。 C．麦片盒子里的玩具组装者和使用者是同一个孩子。 D．玩具的部分乐趣在于玩之前先把它组装起来。 E．现在的孩子不指望一件玩具能给他们提供很长时间的乐趣。 |
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| 第3题：需要一种特殊的棉纱带的唯一目的是某些外科伤口包扎10天——这些伤口需要包扎的最多天数。Newtape是这种棉纱带的一个新品牌。Newtape的销售人员称Newtape会有助于伤口愈合，因为Newtape的黏合能力是现在使用的棉纱带的两倍。 下面哪一项，如果正确，会对Newtape的销售人员的声明提出最严重的质疑 A．大多数外科伤口大约需要10天愈合。 B．大多数外科棉纱带是由医院和诊所而非私人外科医生购买的。 C．现在使用的棉纱带的黏附能力远超过包扎伤口10天所需要的黏合能力。 D．Newrtape和现在使用的棉纱带都不能很好地黏附未经清洁的皮肤。 E．Newtape对已涂上一种特别化学药剂的皮肤的黏附能力仅为现在使用的棉纱带对那种皮肤的黏附能力的一半。 |
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| 第4题： 风险管理的根本目标：( )。 A．对风险实施有效控制 B．以最少的成本实现最大安全保障的效能 C．妥善处理风险所导致损失的后果 D．研究分析导致风险的原因 |
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第5题：由于市场机制解决不了公正的收入分配问题，所以市场经济需要( )。
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| 第6题：One of the questions that is coming into focus as we face growing scarcity of resources of many kinds in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development community, the conventional wisdom has been that the 2 billion people living in poor countries could never expect to reach the standard of living that most of us in NorthAmerica enjoy, simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on.At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super affluence as though there were no limits on how much we could consume. We make up 6 percent of the world’s people; yet we consume one-third of the world’s resources. As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from within our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter.But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, "outsiders" are going to have some say over the rate at which and terms under which we consume. We will no longer be able to think in terms of "our" resources and "their" resources, but only of common resources. AsAmericans consuming such a disproportionate share of the world’s resources, we have to question whether or not we can continue our pursuit of super affluence in a world of scarcity. We are now reaching the point where we must carefully examine’ the presumed link between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumeD、If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-being is greatly enhanceD、But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesn’t make that much difference. In the eyes of most of the world today,Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still more. People elsewhere are beginning to ask why. This is the question we’re going to have to answer, whether we’re trying to persuade countries to step up their exports of oil to us or trying to convince them that we ought to be permitted to maintain our share of the world fish catch. The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition for, the world’s resources requires that we reexamine the way in which we relate to the rest of the worlD、It means we find ways of cutting back on resource consumption that is dependent on the resources and cooperation of other countries. We cannot expect people in these countries to concern themselves with our worsening energy and food shortages unless we demonstrate some concern for the hunger, illiteracy and disease that are diminishing life for them. The writer gives the example of bread to show that ______. A、the United States has been much richer than any other countries B、the United States has acquired more than what it has contributed C、the United States has been too greedy in its pursuit of super affluence D、the United States is more capable of pursuing affluence than other countries |
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| 第7题：The remarkable progress of science and technology in the 20th century has brought enormous benefits to humankinD、Long and healthy lives, economic prosperity and a pleasant and convenient living environment have resulted from technological progress based on advances in scientific knowledge. This progress will continue or may even accelerate in the future, because both the number of scientists and their activities are expanding throughout the worlD、We may expect, therefore, that science and technology will continue to contribute to the development of human society. At the same time, rapid scientific advances may raise some difficult problems. First of all, the disparity in scientific knowledge between those in scientific and technical professions and those in other areas will continuously expanD、This may create a communications gap between the two groups that could affect obtaining public consent on important issues, such as the use of genetically engineered plants or human embryonic stem cells. Secondly, the 21st century will be characterized by a knowledge-based society and a knowledge of science will be required for many professions. Those who lack scientific knowledge will have fewer opportunities for good jobs. Thirdly, the enormous increase in scientific information will become a burden for children who must study science.Already young people seem to be losing interest in science, and this trend may increase in the future. Over the past several years, enrollment in high-school physics courses in Japan has been decreasing, which suggests that many young people are losing interest in physics or avoiding subjects that require diligent study. Finally, scientific research in the next century will require increasing levels of public investment because sophisticated research is usually expensive. If the public loses interest in, science or does not understand the importance of research, it will become difficult for scientists to obtain sufficient financial support. Because of these considerations, I think that we need to carefully review present science education at different levels and to improve it in order to meet the expected rapid progress of science in the 21st century.At the level of primary education, the’ most important task is to stimulate children’s interest in nature. Naive surprise at the wonders of nature will hopefully lead to a later interest in science.During their secondary education, students must learn logic and the principles of natural phenomenA、They will gradually separate into groups of those who like and those who dislike science. It will be difficult to provide the latter students with the scientific basics that would be useful throughout their lives. This is also the case in university education. It is becoming a goal of general university education to give students who are not majoring in natural science and engineering some level of scientific literacy. In the future, all citizens, especially those expected to lead diverse areas of society should have a sound basis for understanding the progress of science.Because the pace of progress will accelerate further, continuing science education for the public is also of great importance. The best title for the passage might be ______. A、Science and Technology in the 21stCentury B、ScienceEducation for the Public C、ScientificAdvances andEnsuing Problems D、The Goal of Primary, Secondary and HigherEducation |
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| 第8题：1988年北美的干旱可能是由太平洋赤道附近温度状况的大面积范围改变时引起的。因此，这场干旱不能证明长期而言全球发生变暖趋势的假说。该趋势据称是由大气污染物如二氧化碳造成的。 下面哪个，如果正确，构成了对以上论述的最好的批判 A．我们有所记录的1988年以前的大部分干旱的前身是太平洋的天气形势的变化。 B．美国在过去的100年没有转暖的趋势。 C．从排放污染物到它所引起的全球转暖的发生之间的时间很长。 D．1988年排放到大气中的二氧化碳气体有所增加。 E．全球转暖的趋势会增加太平洋气温形势转变的频率及其严重性。 |
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| 第9题：The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) .But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength. (30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) .A、tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known (40) by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、 A、to be usedB、to have usedC、to have been usedD、to use |
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| 第10题：When theAmerican economy was running full tilt two years ago, few places were as breathlessly delighted as Seattle. Its port was thronged with ships bringing goods fromAsi A、TheBoeingCompany could barely keep up with demand for its airliners. Microsoft was hiring hordes of software engineers.After each rain shower, another Internet millionaire sprang up. Here was a city that had it all--OldEconomy, NewEconomy, Not-Yet-InventedEconomy. Now it has all gone sour. The past 12 months have been a non-stop succession of disappointments.Boeing’s headquarters decamped toChicago. The Internet economy popped alike a balloon in a nail factory, taking with it once promising local ventures such as Homegrocer.com and leaving can’t-possibly-miss companies such as drugstore.com barely hanging on.And an already troubledBoeing was hit even harder after September 11th both by a steep drop in airliner orders and by losing a $ 200 billion Joint Strike Fighter contract to Lockheed Martin. Washington State, battered by what is happening in Seattle, now has the highest unemployment rate in the United States--6.6% compared with 5.4% in the country as a whole. Right behind it is next-door Oregon, another former boom state, with 6.5% of its workforce out of a job, the country’s second worst figure. In Oregon, manufacturing’s collapse has caused the loss of nearly 30,000 jobs in a year, those hit range from Freightliner, a maker of heavy lorries, to high-tech companies such as Intel and Fujitsu. What makes the current plunge so painful is that every part of the economy seems to have stepped into an open manhole at the same time. Three years ago, whenBoeing began to remove more than 20,000 people thatBoeing expects to lay off by the middle of 2002 have to compete with unemployed workers not just from the high-tech industry but from construction work and even the retail sector. Portland now has more jobless than the other parts of Oregon: the opposite of how things were years ago. Even worse, the Pacific north west’s downturn, as well as being deeper than the rest of the country, may also last longer. One reason for fearing this isBoeing’s continuing woes. NowadaysBoeing accounts for less than 5% of employment in the Seattle area, down from 9% two decades ago.But it remains the foundation on which the rest is built. Its network of suppliers and subcontractors gives it a far stronger multiplier effect than, say, Microsoft, which is more an island of prosperity than a center of weB、The chances are thatBoeing will not really bounce back until the assumed revival in air travel persuades airline companies to start buying plenty of aircraft again.And that may not be until 2003. We can learn from the last paragraph that ______. A、Microsoft has a strong multiplier effect on the economy B、Boeing is crucial for the survival of other companies C、Seattle area’s employment rate has fallen considerably D、the economic foundation of Seattle isBoeing’s continuing prosperity |
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