MBA每日一练（2019/6/14）

第1题： Passage Two There are more differences between the United States and Japan than conflicting values during World War II.Cultural and societal differences between the two nations and its peoples shaped beliefs and perceptions and thus interactions within those societies and between them as well. The Japanese media made sure to cast the United States in a negative light during the war.Even afterward, they would distort everything from Ted Kennedy’s car accident and the death of Mary Jo Kopechne to important battles and events.During World War II, newspapers tried to give the public what they wanted for morale. Positive news was widely broadcast, but anything negative was also distorted or hidden. Sons or husbands who died during World War II were heroes, for sure, but the concept of suicide missions was unknown to the Japanese. The dropping of "warning fliers" by the United States before the atomic bomb was let go is controversial. Some feel they were fair and that the Japanese denied their existence and failed to adequately warn the people. Others think they were a part of psychological warfare, really dropped afterAnola Gay flew off to Hiroshima, and merely acting as a doubtful precursor of any future attacks. The war and the role of the Japanese government caused uncertainty and hatred among the Japanese towardAmericans.Any of the few white people living in Japan sometimes had their houses searched --- not by the government, but by curious neighbors. "What I never got used to was my home being searched; nothing ever stolen, just investigated frequently," said oneAmerican woman living in Japan at the time. The Japanese looked uponAmericans as crude and immoral, by their standards, as a melting pot without a culture of its own. They also underestimatedAmerica’s ability to unite for a cause and develop such a powerful bomb, perhaps because of the broadcasts by the Japanese mediA、 The United States citizens looked down upon the Japanese as well, disgusted by the brutality of medical experimentation on human subjects by the Japanese government. The treatment of POWs angered the United States as well; the notable photo ofAustralian Sgt. Leonard Siffleet about to be beheaded with a sword didn’t help with anti-Japanese sentiments, which probably began with the "sneak attack" on Pearl Harbor. Similarly to the actions of the Japanese media during World War II, the United States felt it necessary to dehumanize the enemy with bombs. Their refusal to accept defeat angered and put offAmericans, as did Japanese propagandA、Boycotts on Japanese products popped up inAmericA、 Culture clashes continue to leave gaps betweenAmerica and Japan. News of sexual slavery during WWII on the part of Japan, and anti-Japanese sentiments evident inAmerican societal products and business, keep the nations apart. In the following text, the author will deal with ______.A．detailed description of the way Japan surprisingly attacked Pearl harbour B．more reports of how the Japanese intentionally abused media coverage C．ways of narrowing the cultural differences between the two countries D．reasons of why people’s beliefs and perceptions an be formed by media

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第2题：

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第3题：用0，1，2，3，4五个数字组成四位数的个数是( )个．

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第4题：先天的遗传因素和后天的环境影响对人的发展起的作用到底哪个重要 双胞胎的研究对于回答这一问题有重要的作用。惟环境影响决定论者预言，如果把一对双胞胎儿完全分开抚养，同时把一对不相关的婴儿放在一起抚养，那么，待他们长大成人后，在性格等内在特征上，前二者之间绝不会比后二者之间有更大的类似。实际的统计数据并不支持这种极端的观点，但也不支持另一种极端观点，即惟遗传因素决定论。 从以上论述最能推出以下哪个结论 A．为了确定上述两个极端观点哪一个正确，还需要进一步的研究工作。 B．虽然不能说环境影响对于人的发展起唯一决定的作用，但实际上起最重要的作用。 C．环境影响和遗传因素对人的发展都起着重要的作用。 D．试图通过改变一个人的环境来改变一个人是徒劳无益的。 E．双胞胎研究是不能令人满意的，因为它得出了自相矛盾的结论。

【单选题】： A     B     C     D     E

第5题： 关税壁垒是指通过一定手段来提高进口商品的成本，削弱其竞争力，达到限制进口的目的。以下属于关税壁垒的是( )。 A．高额进口税 B．高额出口税 C．高额过境税 D．普惠税

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第6题： 只有当培训给雇主带来的毛利润( )培训的支出与雇员由于该培训而得到的加薪之和时，组织才会给员工提供培训。 A．小于 B．大于 C．等于 D．不确定

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第7题：Some of the concerns surrounding Turkey’s application to join theEuropean Union, to be (1) on by theEU’sCouncil of Ministers onDecember 17th, are economic--in particular, the country’s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of theEU. (2) it is not far off that of Latvia--one of the ten new members which (3) on May 1st 2004, and it is much the same as (4) of two countries,Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded (5) talks with theEU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007. (6) , the country’s recent economic progress has been, according toDonald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, stunning. GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a (7) of growth that noEU country comes close to (8) . Turkey’s (9) rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country (10) agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic program that will help Turkey (11) inflation towardEuropean levels, and enhance the economy’s resilience. Resilience has not historically been the country’s economic strong point. (12) , throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram (13) a violent heart attack. This (14) has been one of the main reasons why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual (15) have scarcely ever reached $1 billion. One deterrent to foreign investors is due to (16) on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six zeros will be removed from the face value of the lira (里拉，土耳其货币单位); one unit of the local (17) will henceforth be worth what 1 million are now--ie, about ￡ 0.53 (0.53 欧元). Goods will have to be (18) in both the new and old lira for the whole of the year, (19) foreign bankers and (20) can begin to look forward to a time in Turkey when they will no longer have to juggle mentally with indeterminate strings of zeros. [A] ratio [B] rate [C] rhythm[D] rhyme

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第8题：One of the questions that is coming into focus as we face growing scarcity of resources of many kinds in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development community, the conventional wisdom has been that the 2 billion people living in poor countries could never expect to reach the standard of living that most of us in NorthAmerica enjoy, simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on.At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super affluence as though there were no limits on how much we could consume. We make up 6 percent of the world’s people; yet we consume one-third of the world’s resources. As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from within our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter.But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, "outsiders" are going to have some say over the rate at which and terms under which we consume. We will no longer be able to think in terms of "our" resources and "their" resources, but only of common resources. AsAmericans consuming such a disproportionate share of the world’s resources, we have to question whether or not we can continue our pursuit of super affluence in a world of scarcity. We are now reaching the point where we must carefully examine’ the presumed link between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumeD、If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-being is greatly enhanceD、But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesn’t make that much difference. In the eyes of most of the world today,Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still more. People elsewhere are beginning to ask why. This is the question we’re going to have to answer, whether we’re trying to persuade countries to step up their exports of oil to us or trying to convince them that we ought to be permitted to maintain our share of the world fish catch. The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition for, the world’s resources requires that we reexamine the way in which we relate to the rest of the worlD、It means we find ways of cutting back on resource consumption that is dependent on the resources and cooperation of other countries. We cannot expect people in these countries to concern themselves with our worsening energy and food shortages unless we demonstrate some concern for the hunger, illiteracy and disease that are diminishing life for them. The writer warnsAmericans that ______. A、their excessive consumption has caused world resource exhaustion B、they are confronted with the problem of how to obtain more material goods C、their unfair share of the world’s resources should give way to proper division among countries D、they have to discard their cars for lack of fossil fuel in the world

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第9、10、11、12、13题：　Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: About 16 million people in ale United States have lost some of their hearing. About two million others are extremely or completely deaf. They cannot hear speech or most other sounds in their everyday life, even with a hearing aid to make sounds louder. There are several kinds of hearing loss. The first kind results from disease or injury to the outer or middlepart of the ear. The damage prevents sound waves from reaching the inner ear. Usually, this form of hearing loss is not extreme. And a hearing aid or medical treatment call often restore hearing. A second kind of hearing loss involves the nerves. It is caused by damage to the inner ear. A loud noise or disease may destroy some of the tiny nerve cells that carry sound. People suffering this kind of damage may lose the ability to hear some sounds, high or low. The third kind of deafness is called a central hearing loss. It is caused by damage to the hearing nerves leading to the brain or in the brain itself. Deafness is the most common bodily disability in America. Often nothing can be done to stop it. But manycases can be prevented. One simple thing is responsible for most hearing loss. That one thing is noise. Telephone bells, loud music, machines. In industrial countries, especially, these things make the world very noisy. Studies have shown that old men in quiet African villages have much better hearing than young people in America. Other sources of deafness include accidents, drugs and illnesses. ( ) 11. What kind of hearing loss mentioned in the passage is the most serious? A. The first kind. B. The second kind. C. The third kind. D. None. ( )12. Hearing loss caused by damage to can often be restored. A. the outer ear B. the inner ear C. the nerves D. the brain ( )13. Which of the following is NOT a source of deafness? A. loud music B. bodily disability C. accidents D. some drugs ( )14. It can be inferred from the passage that . A. developed countries are more noisy B. nothing can be done to prevent loss of hearing C. old people suffer less from hearing loss D. 16 million Americans have lost their hearing ( )15. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Deafness is very common in America B. Hearing nerves are most important to one‘s hearing. C. There are different causes to hearing loss. D. Hearing aids can help deaf people hear clearly.

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第14题：Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example,Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very 3 of money itself," only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming 　　Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer’s account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else’s accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A、further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal dat A、There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy. A、reward B．resist C．resume D．reverse

【单选题】： A     B     C     D