MBA习题练习

MBA每日一练（2019/6/24）
第1题：September 11 should have driven home a basic lesson for theBush administration about life in an interconnected world: misery abroad threatens security at home. It is no coincidence that OsamaBin Laden found warm hospitality in the Taliban’sAfghanistan, whose citizens were among the most impoverished and oppressed on earth. If the administration took this lesson seriously, it would dump the rules of realpolitik that have governed U.S. foreign aid policy for 50 years. Instead, it is pouring money into an ally of convenience, Pakistan, which is ultimately likely to expand the ranks of anti-American terrorists abroaD、
To enlist Pakistan in the fight against the Taliban, theBush administration resurrected theCold War tradition of propping up despotic military regimes in the name of peace and freedom. Its commitment of billions of dollars to Pakistan since September 11 will further entrench the sort of government that has made Pakistan both a development failure and a geopolitical hotspot for decades. Within Pakistan, the aid may ultimately create enough angry young men to make upA1 Qaeda’s losses inAfghanistan. In SouthAsia as a whole, the cash infusion may accelerate a dangerous arms race with Indi
A、
Historically, the U.S. government has cloaked aid to allies such as Pakistan in the rhetoric of economic development.As aCold War ally, Pakistan received some $ 37 billion in grants and loans from the West between 1960 and 1990, adjusting for inflation.And since September 11, the U.S. administration has promised more of the’ same. It has dropped sanctions imposed after Pakistan detonated a nuclear bomb in 1998, pushed through a $1.3 billion IMF loan for Pakistan, and called for another $2 billion from the WorldBank and theAsianDevelopmentBank. TheBush administration is also, ironically, pressing allies to join it in canceling or rescheduling billions of dollars of old (and failed) loans that were granted in past decades in response to similar arm-twisting.
Despite--even because of--all this aid, Pakistan is now one of the most indebted, impoverished, militarized nations on earth. The causes of Pakistan’s poverty are sadly familiar. The government ignored family planning, leading to population expansion from 50 million in 1960 to nearly 150 million today, for an average growth rate of 2.6 percent a year. Foreign aid meant to pave rural roads went into unneeded city highways--or pockets of top officials.And the military grew large, goaded by a regional rivalry with India that has three times bubbled into war. The result is a government that, as former WorldBank economist WilliamEasterly has observed, "cannot bring off a simple and cheap measles (麻疹) vaccination (预防接种) program, and yet...can build nuclear weapons.\
All of the following can be learned from the passageEXCEPT ______.

A、realpolitik has a long history in U.S. foreign aid policy
B、in theCold War, the U.S. supported some military regimes inAsia
C、the Pakistan government has intensified the tension in SouthAsia
D、the Pakistan government won’t spend foreign aid on developing nuclear weapons in future
【单选题】：      

第2题：September 11 should have driven home a basic lesson for theBush administration about life in an interconnected world: misery abroad threatens security at home. It is no coincidence that OsamaBin Laden found warm hospitality in the Taliban’sAfghanistan, whose citizens were among the most impoverished and oppressed on earth. If the administration took this lesson seriously, it would dump the rules of realpolitik that have governed U.S. foreign aid policy for 50 years. Instead, it is pouring money into an ally of convenience, Pakistan, which is ultimately likely to expand the ranks of anti-American terrorists abroaD、
To enlist Pakistan in the fight against the Taliban, theBush administration resurrected theCold War tradition of propping up despotic military regimes in the name of peace and freedom. Its commitment of billions of dollars to Pakistan since September 11 will further entrench the sort of government that has made Pakistan both a development failure and a geopolitical hotspot for decades. Within Pakistan, the aid may ultimately create enough angry young men to make upA1 Qaeda’s losses inAfghanistan. In SouthAsia as a whole, the cash infusion may accelerate a dangerous arms race with Indi
A、
Historically, the U.S. government has cloaked aid to allies such as Pakistan in the rhetoric of economic development.As aCold War ally, Pakistan received some $ 37 billion in grants and loans from the West between 1960 and 1990, adjusting for inflation.And since September 11, the U.S. administration has promised more of the’ same. It has dropped sanctions imposed after Pakistan detonated a nuclear bomb in 1998, pushed through a $1.3 billion IMF loan for Pakistan, and called for another $2 billion from the WorldBank and theAsianDevelopmentBank. TheBush administration is also, ironically, pressing allies to join it in canceling or rescheduling billions of dollars of old (and failed) loans that were granted in past decades in response to similar arm-twisting.
Despite--even because of--all this aid, Pakistan is now one of the most indebted, impoverished, militarized nations on earth. The causes of Pakistan’s poverty are sadly familiar. The government ignored family planning, leading to population expansion from 50 million in 1960 to nearly 150 million today, for an average growth rate of 2.6 percent a year. Foreign aid meant to pave rural roads went into unneeded city highways--or pockets of top officials.And the military grew large, goaded by a regional rivalry with India that has three times bubbled into war. The result is a government that, as former WorldBank economist WilliamEasterly has observed, "cannot bring off a simple and cheap measles (麻疹) vaccination (预防接种) program, and yet...can build nuclear weapons.\
By saying "It is no coincidence that OsamaBin Laden found warm hospitality in the Taliban’sAfghanistan," the author means ______.

A、OsamaBin Laden and Taliban are good friends
B、America’s foreign policy is one of the sources of the misery inAfghanistan
C、it is not difficult forBin Laden to find warm hospitality inAfghanistan
D、OsamaBin Laden is the source of misery abroad
【单选题】：      

第3题：
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第4题：The molecules of carbon dioxide in theEarth’s atmosphere affect the heat balance of theEarth by acting as a one-way screen. (1) these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths, where most of the energy of sunlight is concerned, to pass (2) , they absorb some of the longer-wave-length, infrared emissions radiated from theEarth’s surface, radiation that would (3) be transmitted back into space. For theEarth to maintain a constant average temperature, such emissions from the planet must (4) incoming solar radiation. If there were no carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, heat would (5) from theEarth much more easily.
Today, (6) , the potential problem is too much carbon dioxide.Could the increase in carbon dioxide (7) a global rise in average temperature, and could such a rise have serious (8) for human society Mathematical models that allow us to calculate the rise in temperature as a function of the increase (9) ;that the (10) is probably yes.
One mathematical model (11) that doubling the atmospheric carbon dioxide would raise the global mean surface temperature by 2.5℃. This model assumes that the atmosphere’s relative humidity remains constant and the temperature decreases with altitude at a (12) of 6.5℃ per kilometer. The assumption of constant relative humidity is important, because water vapor in the atmosphere is another (13) absorber or radiation at infrared wavelengths.Because warm air can hold more (14) than cool air, the relative humidity will be constant (15) the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere increases (16) the temperature rises. (17) , more infrared radiation would be absorbed and reradiated (18) to theEarth’s surface. The resultant warming at the surface could be expected to melt snow and ice, (19) theEarth’s reflectivity. More solar radiation would be absorbed, (20) to a further increase in temperature.
[A] since[B] unless[C] for[D] as
【单选题】：      

第5题：When theAmerican economy was running full tilt two years ago, few places were as breathlessly delighted as Seattle. Its port was thronged with ships bringing goods fromAsi
A、TheBoeingCompany could barely keep up with demand for its airliners. Microsoft was hiring hordes of software engineers.After each rain shower, another Internet millionaire sprang up. Here was a city that had it all--OldEconomy, NewEconomy, Not-Yet-InventedEconomy.
Now it has all gone sour. The past 12 months have been a non-stop succession of disappointments.Boeing’s headquarters decamped toChicago. The Internet economy popped alike a balloon in a nail factory, taking with it once promising local ventures such as Homegrocer.com and leaving can’t-possibly-miss companies such as drugstore.com barely hanging on.And an already troubledBoeing was hit even harder after September 11th both by a steep drop in airliner orders and by losing a $ 200 billion Joint Strike Fighter contract to Lockheed Martin.
Washington State, battered by what is happening in Seattle, now has the highest unemployment rate in the United States--6.6% compared with 5.4% in the country as a whole. Right behind it is next-door Oregon, another former boom state, with 6.5% of its workforce out of a job, the country’s second worst figure. In Oregon, manufacturing’s collapse has caused the loss of nearly 30,000 jobs in a year, those hit range from Freightliner, a maker of heavy lorries, to high-tech companies such as Intel and Fujitsu.
What makes the current plunge so painful is that every part of the economy seems to have stepped into an open manhole at the same time. Three years ago, whenBoeing began to remove more than 20,000 people thatBoeing expects to lay off by the middle of 2002 have to compete with unemployed workers not just from the high-tech industry but from construction work and even the retail sector. Portland now has more jobless than the other parts of Oregon: the opposite of how things were years ago.
Even worse, the Pacific north west’s downturn, as well as being deeper than the rest of the country, may also last longer. One reason for fearing this isBoeing’s continuing woes. NowadaysBoeing accounts for less than 5% of employment in the Seattle area, down from 9% two decades ago.But it remains the foundation on which the rest is built. Its network of suppliers and subcontractors gives it a far stronger multiplier effect than, say, Microsoft, which is more an island of prosperity than a center of weB、The chances are thatBoeing will not really bounce back until the assumed revival in air travel persuades airline companies to start buying plenty of aircraft again.And that may not be until 2003.
What does the passage imply about "Homegrocer.com" and "drugstore.com"

A、They are neither promising companies.
B、They are affiliated to large companies.

C、They are dealing in medical products.
D、They are also affected by the economic crisis.
【单选题】：      

The recent boom in technological advances, formation of new businesses, and personal {{U}} (1) {{/U}} is the third, and most dramatic, such wave {{U}} (2) {{/U}} by the computer industry in the last twenty-five years. The first wave {{U}} (3) {{/U}} tangible products—"hardware," as {{U}} (4) {{/U}} the computer programs that {{U}} (5) {{/U}} software. In the 1960s and 1970s companies in the SantaClara Valley, between San Jose and San Francisco, produced silicon memory chips for computers— {{U}} (6) {{/U}} the name Silicon Valley. Then they produced silicon logic chips, {{U}} (7) {{/U}} direct a computer’s operation. Then many produced computers {{U}} (8) {{/U}}.
The great {{U}} (9) {{/U}} from the hardware era include those of the Hewlett and Packard families, of Hewlett-Packard, which started {{U}} (10) {{/U}} money in the presilicon era, with scientific instruments. The Packard Foundation, with {{U}} (11) {{/U}} of ＄10 billion, recently {{U}} (12) {{/U}} the Ford Foundation as the nation’s third-largest private foundation The {{U}} (13) {{/U}} hardware company of the 1990s is Intel, {{U}} (14) {{/U}} Pentium and other processing chips are used in most personal computers {{U}} (15) {{/U}} the Macintosh.
The second {{U}} (16) {{/U}} of wealth creation involved software—"application" software that people use for work or recreation, like word-processing programs or computer games, and "systems" software used to {{U}} (17) {{/U}} businesses or, very often, computer networks {{U}} (18) {{/U}}. The difference between software and hardware provides a classic illustration of {{U}} (19) {{/U}} economists mean by "increasing returns to scale."Because the cost of producing additional units of software—the "marginal cost"- is extremely low, {{U}} (20) {{/U}} you become the market leader in a field, your profits grow astronomically.
第6题：{{B}}Passage 11{{/B}}
A．constitute
B．consist of
C．include
D．lead to
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第7题： 企业实行自主创新战略具有很多优点。关于企业实行自主创新战略优点描述错误的是( )。
A．可以在一定时期内控制创新产品和工艺的核心技术
B．可以作为扩散和创新集群的源头
C．可以率先占领产品生产所需的稀缺资源
D．对资金投入承担风险的能力要求较低
【单选题】：      

第8题：宇宙中一定道德秩序的存在取决于人类的灵魂不灭。在一些文化中，这种道德秩序被视为一种掌管人们如何轮回转世的因果报应的结果；而另一些文化则认为它是神灵在人们死后对其所作所为予以审判的结果。但是，不论道德秩序表现如何，如果人的灵魂真能不灭的话，那恶人肯定要受到惩罚。
以下哪项最为准确地指出了上述论证中所存在的逻辑错误
A、只由某事对某一道德秩序必不可少就推论出该事对于认识到的秩序的某一因素是足够的。
B、把只是信仰的东西当成了确定的事实。
C、从灵魂不灭预示着宇宙间存在某一道德秩序推论出宇宙间存在某一道德秩序预示着灵魂不灭。
D、把与道德秩序相关的两个不同的概念混为一谈。
E、在对道德秩序进行定义的过程中预先假定了其结论。
【单选题】：      

第9题：TheAfricans’ interest is to guard preferential export rules enshrined in the temporaryAfrican Growth and OpportunityAct, passed byCongress in 2,000. Tariff-free exports of some 6,000 goods fromAfrica to the United States are boosting trade and investment in southernAfric
A、Lesotho’s fast-growing textile industry depends almost entirely onChinese investment in factories to make clothes for sale in the United States. The region also wants more access toAmerica’s markets for fruit, beef and other agricultural goods.
American interest lies mainly in SouthAfrica, by far the largest economy in the region. Services account for 60% of its GDP, and it increasingly dominates the rest ofAfrica in banking, information technology, telecom, retail’ and other areas. Just asBritish banks, such asBarclays, have moved theirAfrican headquarters to SouthAfrica over the past year,American investors see the country as a platform to the rest of the continent.
Agreeing investment rules and resolving differences on intellectual property rights are the most urgent issues.American drug firms want to be part of the fast expansion in SouthAfrica of production of anti-retroviral drugs, used againstAIDS.By 2007 SouthAfrica alone expects 1.2m patients to take the drugs daily. The country might be the world’s biggest exporter of anti-AIDS drugs within a few years. Striking a bilateral deal now should makeAmerican investments easier.
But Mr. Zoellick’s greater concern is for multilateral trade talks that stalled inCancun, Mexico, in September.AlecErwin, his SouthAfrican counterpart, helped to organize the G20 group of poor and middle-income countries that opposed jointAmerican-EU proposals there; he is widely tipped to take over as head of the World Trade Organization late next year, and would be a useful ally.
So Mr. Zoellick is trying to charm hisAfrican partner by agreeing to drop support for most of a group of issues (known as "Singapore" issues) that jammed up the talks atCancun, and were opposed by poor countries; he says he also favors abolishing export subsidies inAmerica--though only if Japan and theEU agree to do the same. That would pleaseAfrican exporters who say such subsidies destroy markets for their goods.
Mr. Zoellick’s efforts to make more friends may be paying off.Even thoughAmerica has treatedAfrica very shabbily on trade in the past, Mr.Erwin hints it is easier doing business withAmerica than withEurope or Japan.
A、small sign, but perhaps a telling one.
We can conclude from the passage that ______.

A、the multilateral trade talks inCancun might be productive
B、Mr. Zoellick is very good at making friends with leaders
C、Japan andEU will abolish the export subsidies as the U.S.
D、SouthAfrica’s exports toAmerica are bound to decrease
【单选题】：      

第10题：With 950 million people, India ranks second toChina among the most populous countries.But sinceChina (1) a family planning program in 1971, India has been dosing the (2) . Indians have reduced their birth rate but not nearly (3) theChinese have. If current growth rates continue, India’s population will (4) China’s around the year 2028 (5) about 1.7 billion.
Should that happen, it won’t be the (6) of the enlightened women of Kerala, a state in southern IndiA、 (7) India as a whole adds almost 20 million people a year, Kerala’s population is virtually (8) . The reason is no mystery: nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control, (9) about 40% in the entire nation.
The difference (10) the emphasis put on health programs (11) birth control, by the state authorities, (12) in 1957 became India’s first electedCommunist (13) .And an educational tradition and matrilineal customs in parts of Kerala help girls and boys get (14) good schooling. While one in three Indian women is (15) , 90% of those in Kerala can read and write. Higher literacy rates (16) family planning. "Unlike our parents, we know that we can do more for our children if we have (17) of them," says LailaCherian, 33, who lives in the village of Kudamaloor. She has limited herself (18) three children-one below the national (19) of four. That kind of restraint will keep Kerala from putting added (20) on world food supplies.
A．foster
B．hamper
C．reform
D．advocate
【单选题】：      

 

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