MBA考试

【单选题】One of the questions that is coming into focus as we face growing scarcity of resources of many kinds in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development community, the conventional wisdom has been that the 2 billion people living in poor countries could never expect to reach the standard of living that most of us in NorthAmerica enjoy, simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on.At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super affluence as though there were no limits on how much we could consume. We make up 6 percent of the world’s people; yet we consume one-third of the world’s resources.
As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from within our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter.But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, "outsiders" are going to have some say over the rate at which and terms under which we consume. We will no longer be able to think in terms of "our" resources and "their" resources, but only of common resources.
AsAmericans consuming such a disproportionate share of the world’s resources, we have to question whether or not we can continue our pursuit of super affluence in a world of scarcity. We are now reaching the point where we must carefully examine’ the presumed link between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumeD、If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-being is greatly enhanceD、But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesn’t make that much difference. In the eyes of most of the world today,Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still more. People elsewhere are beginning to ask why. This is the question we’re going to have to answer, whether we’re trying to persuade countries to step up their exports of oil to us or trying to convince them that we ought to be permitted to maintain our share of the world fish catch.
The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition for, the world’s resources requires that we reexamine the way in which we relate to the rest of the worlD、It means we find ways of cutting back on resource consumption that is dependent on the resources and cooperation of other countries. We cannot expect people in these countries to concern themselves with our worsening energy and food shortages unless we demonstrate some concern for the hunger, illiteracy and disease that are diminishing life for them.
According to the passage, it has long been believed that ______.

A、people in poor countries scarcely know how to enjoy a high standard of living
B、the world’s resources being limited, people in underdeveloped countries are bound to live a poor life
C、mostAmericans know that the world’s resources of many kinds are becoming scarce
D、it is impossible for all the people in the world to improve their living standards
网考网参考答案：B
网考网解析：
这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为it has long been believed，出自于文章第一段第二句话中，只是说法有所改变。文章第一段第二句话指出：在世界发展共同体中，传统的观点一直认为，生活在贫困国家的20亿人永远也达不到北美大部分人的生活水平，这只是因为世界上没有储备足够多的铁矿石、蛋白质以及石油等。这说明，很久以来，人们一直认为——由于世界上的资源有限，所以不发达国家人民的生活肯定不富裕。B说“由于世界资源有限，不发达国家的人民肯定会过贫穷的生活”，这与文章的意思相符。A明显与文章的意思不符；文中没有提到C和D。 document.getElementById("warp").style.display="none"; document.getElementById("content").style.display="block"; 查看试题解析出处>>