MBA易错题（2019/7/3）

第1题： ( )是指以决策者的知识、经验和能力，在决策的各个阶段根据目前状况和历史资料，提出决策目标和决策方案。 A．风险性决策 B．经验决策 C．确定性决策 D．主观性决策

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第2题：One of the questions that is coming into focus as we face growing scarcity of resources of many kinds in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development community, the conventional wisdom has been that the 2 billion people living in poor countries could never expect to reach the standard of living that most of us in NorthAmerica enjoy, simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on.At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super affluence as though there were no limits on how much we could consume. We make up 6 percent of the world’s people; yet we consume one-third of the world’s resources. As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from within our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter.But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, "outsiders" are going to have some say over the rate at which and terms under which we consume. We will no longer be able to think in terms of "our" resources and "their" resources, but only of common resources. AsAmericans consuming such a disproportionate share of the world’s resources, we have to question whether or not we can continue our pursuit of super affluence in a world of scarcity. We are now reaching the point where we must carefully examine’ the presumed link between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumeD、If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-being is greatly enhanceD、But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesn’t make that much difference. In the eyes of most of the world today,Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still more. People elsewhere are beginning to ask why. This is the question we’re going to have to answer, whether we’re trying to persuade countries to step up their exports of oil to us or trying to convince them that we ought to be permitted to maintain our share of the world fish catch. The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition for, the world’s resources requires that we reexamine the way in which we relate to the rest of the worlD、It means we find ways of cutting back on resource consumption that is dependent on the resources and cooperation of other countries. We cannot expect people in these countries to concern themselves with our worsening energy and food shortages unless we demonstrate some concern for the hunger, illiteracy and disease that are diminishing life for them. What is the conclusion of this passage A、The United States will be isolated if it does not stop pursuing super affluence. B、The poor countries will no longer supply the United States with their goods. C、The United States should care about the well-being of other countries. D、It is time for theAmericans to help the people in poor countries to improve their living standards.

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第3题：Passage 6 On average,American kids aged 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more than they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet. Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log half that time.All in all, however, children’s leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%. "Children are affected by the same time crunch that affects their parents," says Sandra Hofferth, who headed the recent study of children’s timetable.A、chief reason, she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children in both double-income and "male breadwinner" households spent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents, 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.) All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids. "Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself," says T.BerryBrazelton, professor at Harvard Medical School. Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids aged 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it. The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing "free time"watching television.But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. If they’re spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids aren’t replacing it with reading.Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Let’s face it, who’s got the time We can infer from the passage that A、extracurricular activities promote children’s intelligence. B、most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched off. C、efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitful. D、most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children.

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第4题：When theAmerican economy was running full tilt two years ago, few places were as breathlessly delighted as Seattle. Its port was thronged with ships bringing goods fromAsi A、TheBoeingCompany could barely keep up with demand for its airliners. Microsoft was hiring hordes of software engineers.After each rain shower, another Internet millionaire sprang up. Here was a city that had it all--OldEconomy, NewEconomy, Not-Yet-InventedEconomy. Now it has all gone sour. The past 12 months have been a non-stop succession of disappointments.Boeing’s headquarters decamped toChicago. The Internet economy popped alike a balloon in a nail factory, taking with it once promising local ventures such as Homegrocer.com and leaving can’t-possibly-miss companies such as drugstore.com barely hanging on.And an already troubledBoeing was hit even harder after September 11th both by a steep drop in airliner orders and by losing a $ 200 billion Joint Strike Fighter contract to Lockheed Martin. Washington State, battered by what is happening in Seattle, now has the highest unemployment rate in the United States--6.6% compared with 5.4% in the country as a whole. Right behind it is next-door Oregon, another former boom state, with 6.5% of its workforce out of a job, the country’s second worst figure. In Oregon, manufacturing’s collapse has caused the loss of nearly 30,000 jobs in a year, those hit range from Freightliner, a maker of heavy lorries, to high-tech companies such as Intel and Fujitsu. What makes the current plunge so painful is that every part of the economy seems to have stepped into an open manhole at the same time. Three years ago, whenBoeing began to remove more than 20,000 people thatBoeing expects to lay off by the middle of 2002 have to compete with unemployed workers not just from the high-tech industry but from construction work and even the retail sector. Portland now has more jobless than the other parts of Oregon: the opposite of how things were years ago. Even worse, the Pacific north west’s downturn, as well as being deeper than the rest of the country, may also last longer. One reason for fearing this isBoeing’s continuing woes. NowadaysBoeing accounts for less than 5% of employment in the Seattle area, down from 9% two decades ago.But it remains the foundation on which the rest is built. Its network of suppliers and subcontractors gives it a far stronger multiplier effect than, say, Microsoft, which is more an island of prosperity than a center of weB、The chances are thatBoeing will not really bounce back until the assumed revival in air travel persuades airline companies to start buying plenty of aircraft again.And that may not be until 2003. The sentence "After each rain shower, another Internet millionaire sprang up" (Paragraph 1) means ______. A、many people get rich quickly and easily with the NewEconomy B、it takes only the time between showers for someone to become boss C、Seattle’s development is sudden like rain showers D、Seattle has as many business millionaires as its rain showers

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第5题：Thanks to closed doors and fierce gatekeepers, bosses are tricky to observe in their natural habitat. Yet it might be useful to know what they do all day, and whether any of it benefits shareholders. A、new HarvardBusiness School working paper sheds some light. Researchers asked the chief executives of 94 Italian firms to have their assistants record their activities for a week. You may take this with a gain of salt. Is the boss’ assistant a neutral observer If the boss spends his lunch hour drinking a lot, or in a motel with his assistant, will she record this truthfully Nonetheless, here are the results. The average Italian boss works for 48 hours a week and spends 60% of that time in meetings. The most diligent put in another 20 hours.And the longer they work, the better the company does. Less diligent chief executives are more likely to have one-to-one meetings with people from outside the company. The authors speculate that such people are trying to raise their own profile, perhaps to secure a better jo B、Bosses who work longer hours, by contrast, spend more of them meeting their own employees. Bosses often complain that they get bogged down in day-to-day operations, says RajeshChandy, a professor at the LondonBusiness School. Regulations that make them legally responsible for their underlings’ wrongdoings are partly to blame. The prospect of jail is a powerful attention- grabber. Many bosses also feel they must dash around the world pitching to clients. Mr.Chandy thinks bosses should spend less time with clients and more time thinking about the future. How much time they spend thinking about anything is hard to measure.But in an experiment, MrChandy measured how often bosses use forward-looking words like "will" and "shall" in their public statements. He concluded that bosses spend only 3%～4% of their day thinking about long-term strategy. Brian Sullivan, the chief executive ofCTPartners, a headhunting firm, says the most difficult part of his job is saying no to people who want a piece of his time. Mr. Sullivan says the only time he gets for blue-sky thinking is when he is in the sky. Bill Gates took regular "think weeks", when he would sit alone in a cabin for 18 hours a day reading and contemplating. This, it is said, led to such strategic masterstrokes as "the Internet tidal wave memo" in 1995, which shifted Microsoft’s focus to the we B、But not every boss thinks he needs more time for thinking. "You can hire McKinsey to do that for you." says one. According to Paragraph 5, which of the following statement is NOT true A、Bosses always feel annoyed at the endless routine work. B、Some bosses might be put into prison due to their employees’ misconduct. C、Many bosses think they need to market their products all over the worlD、 D、Bosses are supposed to spend more time talking with their customers.

【单选题】： A     B     C     D