| MBA易错题（2019/7/9） |
| 第1题：Text 4 Non-indigenous (non-native) species of plants and animals arrive by way of two general types of pathways. First, species having origins outside the United States may enter the country and become established either as free-living populations or under human cultivation--for example, in agriculture, horticulture, aquaculture, or as pets. Some cultivated species subsequently escape or are released and also become established as free-living populations. Second, species of either U.S. or foreign origin and already within the United States may spread to new locales. Pathways of both types include intentional as well as unintentional species transfers. Rates of species movement driven by human transformations of natural environments as well as by human mobility--through commerce, tourism, and travel--greatly exceed natural rates by comparison. While geographic distributions of species naturally expand or contract over historical time intervals (tens to hundreds of years), species’ ranges rarely expand thousands of miles or across physical barriers such as oceans or mountains. Habitat modification can create conditions favorable to the establishment of non-indigenous species. Soil disturbed in construction and agriculture is open for colonization by non-indigenous weeds, which in turn may provide habitats for the non-indigenous insects that evolved with them. Human-generated changes in fire frequency, grazing intensity, as well as soil stability and nutrient levels similarly facilitate the spread and establishment of non-indigenous plants. When human changes to natural environments span large geographical areas, they effectively create passages for species movement between previously isolated locales. The rapid spread of the Russian wheat aphid to fifteen states in just two years following its 1986 arrival has been attributed in part to the prevalence of alternative host plants that are available when wheat is not. Many of these are non-indigenous grasses recommended for planting on the forty million or more acres enrolled in the U.S.Department ofAgricultureConservation Reserve Program. A、number of factors perplex quantitative evaluation of the relative importance of various entry pathways. Time lags often occur between establishment of non-indigenous species and their detection, and tracing the pathway for a long-established species is difficult.Experts estimate that non-indigenous weeds are usually detected only after having been in the country for thirty years or having spread to at least ten thousand acres. In addition, federal port inspection, although a major source of information on non-indigenous species pathways, especially for agriculture pests, provides data only when such species enter via closely-examined routes. Finally, some comparisons between pathways defy quantitative analysis--for example, which is more "important": the entry path of one very harmful species or one by which many but less harmful species enter the country Foreign weeds can be discovered after researchers had observed them for more than thirty years. |
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| 第2题：最近，对艾滋病检测是否应该实行实名制，支持者和反对者各执一词，争议颇大。对此，某主持人和某知名作家有如下陈述： 主持人：如果不存在对艾滋病患者的严重歧视，就不会出现对艾滋病检测是否应该实行实名制的争论。 作家：确实存在对艾滋病患者的严重歧视。 如果上述断定为真，并且主持人和作家的两个断定中至多只有一个为真，则能推出以下哪项结论 A．艾滋病检测应该实行实名制。 B、艾滋病检测不应该实行实名制。 C．存在对艾滋病患者的严重歧视。 D、不存在对艾滋病患者的严重歧视。 E．上述结论都不能从题干的条件中推出。 |
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| 第3题： 为了确保旅客和货物列车顺利到达目的地，铁路调度人员发挥着重要作用，他们每天要对自己所管辖范围内客、货运输业务做出全面的规划与安排；向车站值班人员传达日班计划并听取他们的意见；对各次列车运行和停站时间做出适时调整，以确保列车整点到达目的地；对下属人员进行绩效考评等。这些工作所反映的管理职能分别是( )。 A．计划职能、领导职能、控制职能、组织职能 B．计划职能、组织职能、领导职能、控制职能 C．协调职能、规划职能、激励职能、组织职能 D．创新职能、领导职能、沟通职能、计划职能 |
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第4题：在短期负债筹资中，某企业年初从银行贷款100万元，期限1年，年利率为10%，按照贴现法付息，则年末应偿还的金额为( )万元。
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| 第5题：When theAmerican economy was running full tilt two years ago, few places were as breathlessly delighted as Seattle. Its port was thronged with ships bringing goods fromAsi A、TheBoeingCompany could barely keep up with demand for its airliners. Microsoft was hiring hordes of software engineers.After each rain shower, another Internet millionaire sprang up. Here was a city that had it all--OldEconomy, NewEconomy, Not-Yet-InventedEconomy. Now it has all gone sour. The past 12 months have been a non-stop succession of disappointments.Boeing’s headquarters decamped toChicago. The Internet economy popped alike a balloon in a nail factory, taking with it once promising local ventures such as Homegrocer.com and leaving can’t-possibly-miss companies such as drugstore.com barely hanging on.And an already troubledBoeing was hit even harder after September 11th both by a steep drop in airliner orders and by losing a $ 200 billion Joint Strike Fighter contract to Lockheed Martin. Washington State, battered by what is happening in Seattle, now has the highest unemployment rate in the United States--6.6% compared with 5.4% in the country as a whole. Right behind it is next-door Oregon, another former boom state, with 6.5% of its workforce out of a job, the country’s second worst figure. In Oregon, manufacturing’s collapse has caused the loss of nearly 30,000 jobs in a year, those hit range from Freightliner, a maker of heavy lorries, to high-tech companies such as Intel and Fujitsu. What makes the current plunge so painful is that every part of the economy seems to have stepped into an open manhole at the same time. Three years ago, whenBoeing began to remove more than 20,000 people thatBoeing expects to lay off by the middle of 2002 have to compete with unemployed workers not just from the high-tech industry but from construction work and even the retail sector. Portland now has more jobless than the other parts of Oregon: the opposite of how things were years ago. Even worse, the Pacific north west’s downturn, as well as being deeper than the rest of the country, may also last longer. One reason for fearing this isBoeing’s continuing woes. NowadaysBoeing accounts for less than 5% of employment in the Seattle area, down from 9% two decades ago.But it remains the foundation on which the rest is built. Its network of suppliers and subcontractors gives it a far stronger multiplier effect than, say, Microsoft, which is more an island of prosperity than a center of weB、The chances are thatBoeing will not really bounce back until the assumed revival in air travel persuades airline companies to start buying plenty of aircraft again.And that may not be until 2003. We can learn from the last paragraph that ______. A、Microsoft has a strong multiplier effect on the economy B、Boeing is crucial for the survival of other companies C、Seattle area’s employment rate has fallen considerably D、the economic foundation of Seattle isBoeing’s continuing prosperity |
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