MBA习题练习

MBA每日一练（2019/8/10）
One of the many oddities of migration policy is that immigrants coming in to work permanently are usually a minority of those who arrive legally. Most {{U}} (1) {{/U}} countries admit migrants mainly on grounds that have {{U}} (2) {{/U}} to do with work. They also admit two large groups on grounds that have nothing to do with their skills or education, {{U}} (3) {{/U}} these characteristics may determine {{U}} (4) {{/U}} rapidly they integrate.
Almost everywhere, the biggest group {{U}} (5) {{/U}} relatives of those who have already {{U}} (6) {{/U}}. In the United States they {{U}} (7) {{/U}} three-quarters of all legal {{U}} (8) {{/U}} migrants.America even gives a few visas to {{U}} (9) {{/U}} adult siblings. In parts ofBurope, family reunification has become family formation,{{U}} (10) {{/U}} sometimes delays integration: for instance, it allows third-generation Pakistanis to seek spouses {{U}} (11) {{/U}} their cousins back in rural areas. The policy also {{U}} (12) {{/U}} the characteristics of earlier arrivals. {{U}} (13) {{/U}} migrants are likely to have less educated relatives than are skilled migrants.
InEurope, and especially northernEurope, the other main route of legal entry is to claim asylum. The {{U}} (14) {{/U}} of claims has fallen by half since the early 1990s, partly because peace {{U}} (15) {{/U}} to former Yugoslavia, and partly because of tougher rules, {{U}} (16) {{/U}} still seems to be higher than in the United States.America {{U}} (17) {{/U}} the numbers sharply after the first attack on the World TradeCentre in 1993, mainly by refusing {{U}} (18) {{/U}} asylum-seekers to work or draw any welfare benefits for the first six months of their stay, and by {{U}} (19) {{/U}} the claims process. ManyEuropean countries {{U}} (20) {{/U}} that way.
第1题：{{B}}Passage 12{{/B}}
A．migrant’s
B．migrants’s
C．migrants’
D．migrants
【单选题】：      
第2题：P国的政府宣称：六大城市之一的T城是今年P国的所有城市中唯一保持了强劲的就业增长势头的城市。然而很明显，那里任何的就业增长纯粹是虚构的，实际上，仅T城，今年的失业人数就多于去年。 反对政府的宣称的论述必须假设下面哪一项
A．P国的失业工人没有在政府宣称T城就业增长势头强劲后大量涌人T城。
B．今年T城失业率高于以往任何一年。
C．P国政府所采取的行动对T城的影响巨大。
D．T城的失业率尽管增加了，但在P国的任何城市中仍是最低的。
E．作为一个整体而言，P国的失业率并没有显著的季节性变化。
【单选题】：        

第3题：The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) .But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength.
(30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) .A、tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known (40) by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、
A、imaginationB、creativity C、necessity D、illusion
【单选题】：      

As a medium of exchange, money permits the separation of exchange into the two distinct acts of buying and selling, without requiring the seller to purchase goods from the person who buys his products, or vice versA、Hence producers who know they will be paid in money, can concentrate on finding the most suitable outlet (销路) for their goods, while buyers who will pay in money, can concentrate on finding the cheapest market for the things they wish to purchase. Specialization, which is vital to an advanced economy, is encouraged, because people whose output is not a complete product but only a part of one in which many others are involved can be paid an amount equivalent to their share of the product.
Another advantage of money is that it is a measure of value—that is, it serves as a unit in terms of which the relative values of different products can be expresseD、In a barter economy it would be necessary to determine how many plates were worth one hundred weight of cotton, or how many pens should be exchanged for a ton of coal, which would be a difficult and time-consuming (费时的) task. The process of establishing relative values would have to be undertaken for every act of exchange, according to what products were being offered against one another, and according to the two parties’ desires and preferences. If I am trying to barter fish for bananas, for example, a lot would depend on whether the person willing to exchange bananas is or is not keen on fish.
Thirdly, money acts as a store of wealth. It is difficult to imagine saving under a barter system. No one engaged on only one stage in the manufacture of a product could save part of his output, since he would be producing nothing complete.Even when a person actually produced a complete product the difficulties would be overwhelming. Most products deteriorate fairly rapidly, either physically or in value, as a result of long storage; even if storage were possible, the practice of storing products for years on end would involve obvious disadvantages—imagine a coal-miner attempting to save enough coal, which of course is his product, to keep him for life. If wealth could not be saved, or only with great difficulty, future needs could not be provided for, or capital accumulated to raise productivity.
第4题：{{B}}练习六{{/B}}
How many advantages of money are mentioned in this passageA．Two.
B．Three.
C．Four.
D．Five.
【单选题】：      
第5题：One of the most eminent of psychologists,Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two ’behavior segments’ in some novel way, never actually performed before, so as to reach a goal. Two followers ofClark Hull, Howard and Tracey Kendler, (21) a test for children that was explicitly based onClark Hull’s principles. The children were given the (22) of learning to operate a machine so as to get a toy. In order to succeed they had to go through a two-stage (23) . The children were trained on each stage (24) . The stages consisted merely of pressing the correct one of two buttons to get a marble; and of (25) the marble into a small hole to release the toy.
The Kendlers found that the children could learn the separate bits readily enough. (26) the task of getting a marble by pressing the button they could get the marble; given the task of getting a toy when a marble was handed to them, they could use the marble.All they had to do was put it in a hole.) (27) they did not for the most part ’integrate’, to use the Kendlers’ terminology. They did not press the button to get the marble and then (28) without further help to use the marble to get the toy. So the Kendlers concluded that they were incapable of deductive (29) .
The mystery at first appears to deepen when we learn, from (30) psychologist, MichaelCole, and his colleagues, that adults in anAfrican culture apparently cannot do the Kendlers’ task either.But it lessens, (31) when we learn that a task was devised which was (32) to the Kendlers’ one but much easier for theAfrican males to handle.
(33) the button-pressing machine,Cole used a locked box and two (34) colored match-boxes, one of which contained a key that would open the box. Notice that there are still two (35) segments--"open the right matchbox to get the key" and "use the key to open the box"--so the task seems formally to be (36) But psychologically it is quite different. Now the subject is dealing not with a strange machine but with familiar meaningful objects; and it is clear to him what he is meant to do. It then (37) that the difficulty of integration is greatly reduceD、
Recent work by Simon Hewson is of great interest here for it shows that, for young children, (38) , the difficulty lies not in the (39) processes which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and the procedure. When these are changed in ways which do not at all affect the inferential nature of the problem, then five-year-old children solve the problem (40) college students did in the Kendlers’ own experiments.
A、exclusivelyB、completely C、fullyD、separately
【单选题】：      

第6题：It is just one example of the growing concern over the increasing power consumption and environmental impact of computers.
A、study found that the power consumption of data centers doubled between 2000 and 2005, and now accounts for 1.2% ofAmerican electricity consumption, though other estimates put the figure at 4%.Companies now spend as much as 10% of their technology budgets on energy, says Rakesh Kumar of Gartner, a consultancy.
Power consumption has increased because of the rise of the internet, of course, but also because of way in which computers have historically been designed: to maximize performance at all costs.Between 1996 and 2006, the number of servers in use went from 6 million to 28 million and the average power consumption of each server grew from 150 watts to 400 watts.But things are now starting to change and the computer industry has been seized with enthusiasm for "green computing".
【分析题】：

第7题：解题说明
本大题要求判断所给出的条件能否充分支持题干中陈述的结论。阅读条件(1)和条件(2)后选择：
A、条件(1)充分，但条件(2)不充分
B、条件(2)充分，但条件(1)不充分
C、条件(1)和条件(2)单独都不充分，但条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来充分
D、条件(1)充分，条件(2)也充分
E、条件(1)和条件(2)单独都不充分，条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来也不充分
可以确定数列
是等比数列。
(1)α、β是方程anx2-an-1x+1=O的两根，且满足6α-2αβ+6β=3
(2)an是等比数列{bn}的前n项和，其中
，b1=1
【分析题】：

第8题：The molecules of carbon dioxide in theEarth’s atmosphere affect the heat balance of theEarth by acting as a one-way screen. (1) these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths, where most of the energy of sunlight is concerned, to pass (2) , they absorb some of the longer-wave-length, infrared emissions radiated from theEarth’s surface, radiation that would (3) be transmitted back into space. For theEarth to maintain a constant average temperature, such emissions from the planet must (4) incoming solar radiation. If there were no carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, heat would (5) from theEarth much more easily.
Today, (6) , the potential problem is too much carbon dioxide.Could the increase in carbon dioxide (7) a global rise in average temperature, and could such a rise have serious (8) for human society Mathematical models that allow us to calculate the rise in temperature as a function of the increase (9) ;that the (10) is probably yes.
One mathematical model (11) that doubling the atmospheric carbon dioxide would raise the global mean surface temperature by 2.5℃. This model assumes that the atmosphere’s relative humidity remains constant and the temperature decreases with altitude at a (12) of 6.5℃ per kilometer. The assumption of constant relative humidity is important, because water vapor in the atmosphere is another (13) absorber or radiation at infrared wavelengths.Because warm air can hold more (14) than cool air, the relative humidity will be constant (15) the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere increases (16) the temperature rises. (17) , more infrared radiation would be absorbed and reradiated (18) to theEarth’s surface. The resultant warming at the surface could be expected to melt snow and ice, (19) theEarth’s reflectivity. More solar radiation would be absorbed, (20) to a further increase in temperature.
[A] otherwise [B] nevertheless [C] indeed [D] somewhat
【单选题】：      

第9题：古希腊柏拉图学院的门口竖着一块牌子“不懂几何者禁入”。这天，来了一群人，他们都是懂几何的人。
如果牌子上的话得到准确的理解和严格的执行，那么以下诸断定中，只有一项是真的。这一真的断定是：()
A．他们可能不会被允许进入。
B．他们一定不会被允许进入。
C．他们一定会被允许进入。
D．他们不可能被允许进入。
E．他们不可能不被允许进入。
【单选题】：        

第10题：近10年来，移居清河界森林周边地区生活的居民越来越多。环保组织的调查统计表明，清河界森林中的百灵鸟的数量近10年来呈明显下降的趋势。但是恐怕不能把这归咎于森林周边地区居民的增多，因为森林的面积并没有因为周边居民人口的增多而减少。
以下哪项如果为真，最能削弱题干的论证
A．警方每年都接到报案。来自全国各地的不法分子无视禁令，深入清河界森林捕猎。
B．清河界森林的面积虽没减少，但主要由于几个大木材集团公司的乱砍乱伐，森林中树木的数量锐减。
C．清河界森林周边居民丢弃的生活垃圾吸引了越来越多的乌鹃，这是一种专门觅食百灵鸟卵的鸟类。
D．清河界森林周边的居民大都经营农业，只有少数经营商业。
E．清河界森林中除百灵鸟的数量近10年来呈明显下降的趋势外，其余的野生动物生长态势良好。
【单选题】：        

 

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