| MBA易错题（2019/9/10） |
| 第1题： {{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices markedA,B,C、andD、Choose the best one and mark your answers onANSWER SHEET 1. The Kendlers found that the children could learn the separate bits readily enough. {{U}} (26) {{/U}} the task of getting a marble by pressing the button they could get the marble; given the task of getting a toy when a marble was handed to them, they could use the marble.All they had to do was put it in a hole.) {{U}} (27) {{/U}} they did not for the most part ’integrate’, to use the Kendlers’ terminology. They did not press the button to get the marble and then {{U}} (28) {{/U}} without further help to use the marble to get the toy. So the Kendlers concluded that they were incapable of deductive {{U}} (29) {{/U}}. The mystery at first appears to deepen when we learn, from {{U}} (30) {{/U}} psychologist, MichaelCole, and his colleagues, that adults in anAfrican culture apparently cannot do the Kendlers’ task either.But it lessens, {{U}} (31) {{/U}} when we learn that a task was devised which was {{U}} (32) {{/U}} to the Kendlers’ one but much easier for theAfrican males to handle. {{U}} (33) {{/U}} the button-pressing machine,Cole used a locked box and two {{U}} (34) {{/U}} colored match-boxes, one of which contained a key that would open the box. Notice that there are still two {{U}} (35) {{/U}} segments--"open the right matchbox to get the key" and "use the key to open the box"--so the task seems formally to be {{U}} (36) {{/U}}But psychologically it is quite different. Now the subject is dealing not with a strange machine but with familiar meaningful objects; and it is clear to him what he is meant to do. It then {{U}} (37) {{/U}} that the difficulty of integration is greatly reduceD、 Recent work by Simon Hewson is of great interest here for it shows that, for young children, {{U}} (38) {{/U}}, the difficulty lies not in the {{U}} (39) {{/U}} processes which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and the procedure. When these are changed in ways which do not at all affect the inferential nature of the problem, then five-year-old children solve the problem {{U}} (40) {{/U}} college students did in the Kendlers’ own experiments. |
| 第2题：September 11 should have driven home a basic lesson for theBush administration about life in an interconnected world: misery abroad threatens security at home. It is no coincidence that OsamaBin Laden found warm hospitality in the Taliban’sAfghanistan, whose citizens were among the most impoverished and oppressed on earth. If the administration took this lesson seriously, it would dump the rules of realpolitik that have governed U.S. foreign aid policy for 50 years. Instead, it is pouring money into an ally of convenience, Pakistan, which is ultimately likely to expand the ranks of anti-American terrorists abroaD、 To enlist Pakistan in the fight against the Taliban, theBush administration resurrected theCold War tradition of propping up despotic military regimes in the name of peace and freedom. Its commitment of billions of dollars to Pakistan since September 11 will further entrench the sort of government that has made Pakistan both a development failure and a geopolitical hotspot for decades. Within Pakistan, the aid may ultimately create enough angry young men to make upA1 Qaeda’s losses inAfghanistan. In SouthAsia as a whole, the cash infusion may accelerate a dangerous arms race with Indi A、 Historically, the U.S. government has cloaked aid to allies such as Pakistan in the rhetoric of economic development.As aCold War ally, Pakistan received some $ 37 billion in grants and loans from the West between 1960 and 1990, adjusting for inflation.And since September 11, the U.S. administration has promised more of the’ same. It has dropped sanctions imposed after Pakistan detonated a nuclear bomb in 1998, pushed through a $1.3 billion IMF loan for Pakistan, and called for another $2 billion from the WorldBank and theAsianDevelopmentBank. TheBush administration is also, ironically, pressing allies to join it in canceling or rescheduling billions of dollars of old (and failed) loans that were granted in past decades in response to similar arm-twisting. Despite--even because of--all this aid, Pakistan is now one of the most indebted, impoverished, militarized nations on earth. The causes of Pakistan’s poverty are sadly familiar. The government ignored family planning, leading to population expansion from 50 million in 1960 to nearly 150 million today, for an average growth rate of 2.6 percent a year. Foreign aid meant to pave rural roads went into unneeded city highways--or pockets of top officials.And the military grew large, goaded by a regional rivalry with India that has three times bubbled into war. The result is a government that, as former WorldBank economist WilliamEasterly has observed, "cannot bring off a simple and cheap measles (麻疹) vaccination (预防接种) program, and yet...can build nuclear weapons.\ By saying "It is no coincidence that OsamaBin Laden found warm hospitality in the Taliban’sAfghanistan," the author means ______. A、OsamaBin Laden and Taliban are good friends B、America’s foreign policy is one of the sources of the misery inAfghanistan C、it is not difficult forBin Laden to find warm hospitality inAfghanistan D、OsamaBin Laden is the source of misery abroad |
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| 第3题：Advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory, rightDanaDenis is just 40 years old, but (21) she’s worried about what she calls "my rolling mental blackouts." "I try to remember something and I just blank out," she says. You may (22) about these lapses, calling them "senior moments" or blaming "earlyAlzheimer’s(老年痴呆症)." Is it an inescapable fact that the older you get, the (23) you remember Well, sort of.But as time goes by, we tend to blame age (24) problems that are not necessarily age-relateD、 "When a teenager can’t find her keys, she thinks it’s because she’s distracted or disorganized," says Paul Gold " A、70-year-old blames her (25) ." In fact, the 70-year-old may have been (26) things for decades. In healthy people, memory doesn’t worsen as (27) as many of us think. "As we (28) , the memory mechanism isn’t (29) ," says psychologist FergusCraik. "It’s just inefficient." The brain’s processing (30) slows down over the years, though no one knows exactly (31) Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and (32) there’s less activity in the brain.But, cautionsBarry Gordon, "It’s not clear that less activity is (33) . A、beginning athlete is winded(气喘吁吁) more easily than a (34) athlete. In the same way, (35) the brain gets more skilled at a task, it expends less energy on it. There are (36) you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears, though it (37) effort. Margaret Sewell says: "We’re a quick-fix culture, but you have to (38) to keep your brain (39) shape. It’s like having a good body. You can’t go to the gym once a year (40) expect to stay in top form.\ A、much B、littleC、moreD、less |
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| 第4题：Whether you think the human story begins in a garden in Mesopotamia known asEden, or in present-day eastAfrica, it is clear that human beings did not start life as an urban creature. Man’s habitat at the outset was dominated by the need to find food, and hunting and gathering were rural pursuits. Not until around 11,000 years ago, did he start building anything that might be called a village. It took another 6000 years for cities of more than 100,000 people to develop. In terms of human history this may seem a welcome development. It would be questionable to say that nothing of consequence has ever come out of the countryside. The wheel was presumably a rural invention.Even city-dwellers need bread as well as circuses.And ifDr. Johnson and Shelley were right to say that poets are the true legislators of mankind, then all those hills and lakes and other rural delights must be given credit for inspiring them. But the rural contribution to human progress seems slight compared with the urban one.Cities’ development is synonymous with human development. The first villages came with the emergence of agriculture and the domestication of animals: people no longer had to wander but could instead draw together in settlements, allowing some to develop particular skills.After a while the farmers could produce surpluses, and the various products could be exchangeD、 Living together meant security.But people also drew together for the practical advantages of being in a particular place: by a river or spring, on a defensible hill or peninsula, next to an estuary (the mouth of a river) or other source of fooD、Also important, argue historians, was a settlement’s capacity to draw people to it as a meeting-place, often for sacred or spiritual purposes. Graves, groves, even caves might become places for ceremonies and rituals. Man did not live by bread alone. But bread, in the broadest sense, was important. People came to cities not just to worship but to trade and the goods they bought and sold were not just farm products but the manufactures of urban craftsmen and skilled workers. The city became a centre of exchange, both of goods and of ideas, and so it also became a centre of learning, and innovation. Cities were much more than all of this, of course, and they were not all the same.As they developed, some were most notable for their religious role, as the hub of an empire, as centres of administration, political development, learning, or commerce. Some flourished, some died, their longevity depending on factors as varied as conquest, plague, misgovernment or economic collapse. One reason why people began to live together is that______. [A] they needed to find food together [B] they would assemble for particular purposes [C] they could be protected by rivers [D] they could share the nearby natural resources |
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| 第5题：某市为了减少交通堵塞，采取如下限行措施：周一到周五的工作日，非商用车按尾号0、5、1、6、2、7、3、8、4、9分五组顺序分别限行一天，双休日和法定假日不限行。对违反规定者要罚款。 关于该市居民出行的以下描述中，除哪项外，都可能不违反限行规定 A．赵一开着一辆尾数为1的商用车，每天都在路上跑。 B．钱二有两台私家车，尾号都不相同，每天都开车。 C．张三与邻居共有三台私家车，尾号都不相同，他们合作每天有两台车开。 D．李四、张三与两邻居共有五台私家车，尾号都不相同，他们合作每天有四台车开。 E．王五与仨邻居共有六台私家车，尾号都不相同，他们合作每天有五台车开。 |
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