| MBA易错题（2019/9/16） |
| 第1题：The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) .But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength. (30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) .A、tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known (40) by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、 A、their possessions B、their children C、themselves D、them |
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| 第2题：InAfrica, educational costs are very low for those who are ______ enough to get into universities.
A. ambitious B．fortunate C．aggressive D．substantial |
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| 第3题：论证有效性分析：分析下述论证中存在的缺陷和漏洞，选择若干要点，写一篇600字左右的文章，对该论证的有效性进行分析和评论。(论证有效性分析的一般要点是：概念特别是核心概念的界定和使用是否准确并前后一致，有误各种明显的逻辑错误，论证的证据是否成立并支持结论，结论成立的条件是否充分等等。) 现代企业管理制度的设计所要遵循的重要原则是权力的制衡和监督，只要有了制衡与监督，企业的成功就有了保证。 所谓制衡，指对企业的管理权进行分解，然后使被分解的权力相互制约以达到平衡，它可以使任何人不能滥用权力；至于监督，指对企业管理进行观察，使企业运营的各个环节处于可控范围之内。既然任何人都不能滥用权力，而且所有环节都在可控范围之内，那么企业的运营就不可能产生失误。 同时，以制衡与监督为原则所设计的企业管理制度还有一个固有特点，既能保证其实施的有效性，因为环环相扣的监督机制能确保企业内部各级管理者无法敷衍塞责，万一有人敷衍塞责，也会受这一机制的制约而得到纠正。 再者，由于制衡原则的核心是权利的平衡，而企业管理的权力又是企业运营的动力与起点，因此权力的平衡就可以使整个企业运营保持平衡。 另外，从本质上来说，权力平衡就是权力平等，因此这一制度本身蕴含着平等观念。平等观念一旦成为企业的管理理念，必将促成企业内部的和谐与稳定。 由此可见，如果权力的制衡与监督这一管理原则付诸实践，就可以使企业的运营避免失误，确保其管理制度的有效性日常运营的平衡以及内部的和谐与稳定，这样的企业一定能够成功。 |
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| 第4题：大学生在大学里要学习很多知识，小王是一名大学生，所以他学习了很多的知识。 以下哪项论证中的推理错误与上述论证中的最为相似 A、水果中含有各种丰富的维生素，苹果是一种水果，所以苹果中含有丰富的维生素。 B、所有的老员工都是优秀的，李刚是新来的员工，所以李刚不是优秀员工。 C、哲学系的学生都要学习“哲学原理”这门课程，小黄是哲学系的一名学生，所以，小黄需要学习“哲学原理”这门课程。 D、这所大学的有些学生学习成绩很好，小赵是这所大学的一名学生，所以她的学习成绩很好。 E、某高校学报的编辑不但要组织和编辑稿件，自己也写了许多学术方面的文章，老郑是该学报的一名编辑，所以他也写过许多方面的文章。 |
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| 第5题：TheAfricans’ interest is to guard preferential export rules enshrined in the temporaryAfrican Growth and OpportunityAct, passed byCongress in 2,000. Tariff-free exports of some 6,000 goods fromAfrica to the United States are boosting trade and investment in southernAfric A、Lesotho’s fast-growing textile industry depends almost entirely onChinese investment in factories to make clothes for sale in the United States. The region also wants more access toAmerica’s markets for fruit, beef and other agricultural goods. American interest lies mainly in SouthAfrica, by far the largest economy in the region. Services account for 60% of its GDP, and it increasingly dominates the rest ofAfrica in banking, information technology, telecom, retail’ and other areas. Just asBritish banks, such asBarclays, have moved theirAfrican headquarters to SouthAfrica over the past year,American investors see the country as a platform to the rest of the continent. Agreeing investment rules and resolving differences on intellectual property rights are the most urgent issues.American drug firms want to be part of the fast expansion in SouthAfrica of production of anti-retroviral drugs, used againstAIDS.By 2007 SouthAfrica alone expects 1.2m patients to take the drugs daily. The country might be the world’s biggest exporter of anti-AIDS drugs within a few years. Striking a bilateral deal now should makeAmerican investments easier. But Mr. Zoellick’s greater concern is for multilateral trade talks that stalled inCancun, Mexico, in September.AlecErwin, his SouthAfrican counterpart, helped to organize the G20 group of poor and middle-income countries that opposed jointAmerican-EU proposals there; he is widely tipped to take over as head of the World Trade Organization late next year, and would be a useful ally. So Mr. Zoellick is trying to charm hisAfrican partner by agreeing to drop support for most of a group of issues (known as "Singapore" issues) that jammed up the talks atCancun, and were opposed by poor countries; he says he also favors abolishing export subsidies inAmerica--though only if Japan and theEU agree to do the same. That would pleaseAfrican exporters who say such subsidies destroy markets for their goods. Mr. Zoellick’s efforts to make more friends may be paying off.Even thoughAmerica has treatedAfrica very shabbily on trade in the past, Mr.Erwin hints it is easier doing business withAmerica than withEurope or Japan. A、small sign, but perhaps a telling one. British banks move their headquarters to SouthAfrica because ______. A、SouthAfrica is a safer country compared with others inAfrica B、SouthAfrica is gradually becoming a financial center inAfrica C、SouthAfrica offers preferential banking terms to foreign banks D、SouthAfrica is a platform inAfrica for theAmerican investors |
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