MBA每日一练（2019/11/6）

第1题：For me, scientific knowledge is divided into mathematical sciences, natural sciences or sciences dealing with the natural world (physical and biological sciences), and sciences dealing with mankind (psychology, sociology, all the sciences of cultural achievements, every kind of historical knowledge).Apart from these sciences is philosophy, about which we will talk later. In the first place, all this is pure of theoretical knowledge, sought only for the purpose of understanding, in order to fulfil the need to understand what is intrinsic and consubstantial to man. What distinguishes man from animal is that he knows and needs to know. If man did not know that the world existed, and that the world was of a certain kind, that he was in the world and that he himself was of a certain kind, he wouldn’t be man. The technical aspects or applications of knowledge are equally necessary for man and are of the greatest importance because they also contribute to defining him as man and permit him to pursue a life increasingly more truly human. But even while enjoying the results of technical progress, he must defend the primacy and autonomy of pure knowledge. Knowledge sought directly for its practical applications will have immediate and foreseeable success, but not the kind of important result whose revolutionary scope is in large part unforeseen, except by the imagination of the Utopians. Let me recall a well-known example. If the Greek mathematicians had not applied themselves to the investigation of conic sections, zealously and without the least suspicion that it might someday be useful, it would not have been possible centuries later to navigate far from shore. The first man to study nature of electricity could not imagine that’ their experiments, carried on because of mere intellectual curiosity, would eventually lead to modern electrical technology, without which we can scarcely conceive of contemporary life. Pure knowledge is valuable for its own sake, because the human spirit cannot resign itself to ignorance.But, in addition, it is the foundation for practical results that would not have been reached if this knowledge had not been sought disinterestedly. In the paragraph that follows this passage, we may expect the author to discuss______. [A] unforeseen discoveries [B] philosophy [C] the value of pure research [D] the value of technical research

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第2题：The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) .But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength. (30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) .A、tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known (40) by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、 A、withB、inC、for D、at

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第3题：The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) .But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength. (30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) .A、tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in theEast around 3000B、C、, and the abacus is known (40) by the ancientBabylonians,Egyptians,Chinese, etC、 A、trailedB、tracedC、trappedD、tested

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第4题：All ______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life. A、what is neededB、the time needed C、for our needs D、that is needed

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第5题：ERP即( )，就是将企业内部各个部门，包括财务，会计，生产，物料管理，品质管理，销售与分销，人力资源管理，供应链管理等，利用信息技术整合，连接在一起。 A．企业资源计划 B．管理信息系统 C．现代集成制造系统 D．供应链管理计划

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第6题：September 11 should have driven home a basic lesson for theBush administration about life in an interconnected world: misery abroad threatens security at home. It is no coincidence that OsamaBin Laden found warm hospitality in the Taliban’sAfghanistan, whose citizens were among the most impoverished and oppressed on earth. If the administration took this lesson seriously, it would dump the rules of realpolitik that have governed U.S. foreign aid policy for 50 years. Instead, it is pouring money into an ally of convenience, Pakistan, which is ultimately likely to expand the ranks of anti-American terrorists abroaD、 To enlist Pakistan in the fight against the Taliban, theBush administration resurrected theCold War tradition of propping up despotic military regimes in the name of peace and freedom. Its commitment of billions of dollars to Pakistan since September 11 will further entrench the sort of government that has made Pakistan both a development failure and a geopolitical hotspot for decades. Within Pakistan, the aid may ultimately create enough angry young men to make upA1 Qaeda’s losses inAfghanistan. In SouthAsia as a whole, the cash infusion may accelerate a dangerous arms race with Indi A、 Historically, the U.S. government has cloaked aid to allies such as Pakistan in the rhetoric of economic development.As aCold War ally, Pakistan received some $ 37 billion in grants and loans from the West between 1960 and 1990, adjusting for inflation.And since September 11, the U.S. administration has promised more of the’ same. It has dropped sanctions imposed after Pakistan detonated a nuclear bomb in 1998, pushed through a $1.3 billion IMF loan for Pakistan, and called for another $2 billion from the WorldBank and theAsianDevelopmentBank. TheBush administration is also, ironically, pressing allies to join it in canceling or rescheduling billions of dollars of old (and failed) loans that were granted in past decades in response to similar arm-twisting. Despite--even because of--all this aid, Pakistan is now one of the most indebted, impoverished, militarized nations on earth. The causes of Pakistan’s poverty are sadly familiar. The government ignored family planning, leading to population expansion from 50 million in 1960 to nearly 150 million today, for an average growth rate of 2.6 percent a year. Foreign aid meant to pave rural roads went into unneeded city highways--or pockets of top officials.And the military grew large, goaded by a regional rivalry with India that has three times bubbled into war. The result is a government that, as former WorldBank economist WilliamEasterly has observed, "cannot bring off a simple and cheap measles (麻疹) vaccination (预防接种) program, and yet...can build nuclear weapons.\ The author’s purpose of writing this article is to ______. A、search for the source of Pakistan’s poverty B、seek for the reason for terrorism C、criticize the realpolitik in U.S. foreign aid policy D、find a solution to the tension in SouthAsia

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第7题：Under pressure from animal welfare groups, two national science teachers associations have adopted guidelines that ban classroom experiments harming animals. The NationalAssociation ofBiology Teachers and the National Science TeachersAssociation hope to end animal abuse in elementary and secondary schools and, in turn, discourage students from mishandling animals in home experiments and science fair projects. Animal welfare groups are apparently most concerned with high school students experimenting with animals in extracurricular projects.Barbara Orlans, President of the Scientists’Center forAnimal Welfare, said that students have been performing surgery at random, testing known poisonous substances, and running other pathology experiments on animals without even knowing normal physiology. At one science fair, a student cut off the leg and tail of a lizard to demonstrate that only the tail can regenerate, she saiD、In another case, a student bound sparrows, starved them and observed their behavior. "The amount of abuse has been quite horrifying," Orlans saiD、 Administrators of major science fairs are short-tempered over the teachers’ policy change and the impression it has createD、 ’"The teachers were sold a bill of goods byBarbara Orlans," said Thurman Grafton, who heads the rules committee for the International Science andEngineering Fair. "Backyard tabletop surgery is just nonsense. The new policies throw cold water on students’ inquisitiveness," he saiD、 Grafton said he wouldn’t deny that there hasn’t been animal abuse among projects at the international fair, but he added that judges reject contestants who have unnecessarily injured animals. The judges have a hard time monitoring local and regional fairs that may or may not choose to comply with the international fair’s rules that stress proper care of animals, Grafton saiD、 He said that several years ago, the Westinghouse Science Talent Search banned harmful experiments to animals when sponsors threatened to cancel their support after animal welfare groups lobbied for change. The teachers adopted the new policies also to fend off proposed legislation--in states including Missouri and New York that would restrict or prohibit experiments on animals. Officials of the two teachers organizations say that they don’t know how many animals have been abused in the classroom. On the one hand, many biology teachers are not trained in the proper care of animals, said Wayne Moyer, executive director of the biology teachers’ association. On the other, the use of animals in experiments has dropped in recent years because of school budget cuts. The association may set up seminars to teach better animal care to its members. Thurman Grafton suggests that [A] animal abuse is horrible and should be terminateD、 [B] the teachers have been compelled to do all animal experiments. [C] prohibition of experiments on animals will discourage students from being curious. [D] the international science andEngineering Fair will cease to operate because of the new policies.

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第8题：燃油税每公升增收一分钱，按照目前的燃油消费水平，国家将每年因此增加10亿元的财政收入。因此，如果燃油税每公升增收五角钱，则国家每年将增加500亿元的财政收入，这无疑是增加国家财政收入的有效途径。此举还会有另一个效果。由于燃油税是附加在成品油销售价上的，因此成品油价格的提高所导致的燃油消费量的下降，会明显降低我国对进口成品油的依赖。 以下哪项最为准确地指出了上述论证中的漏洞 A．没有指出增加燃油税的负面影响。 B．所引用的数据不准确。 C．前提中所引用的数据和结论不相干。 D．做出了相互矛盾的假设。 E．颠倒了原因和结果。

【单选题】： A     B     C     D     E

第9题： 柳州某牙膏厂原来一直生产两面针药物牙膏，现在又增加了牙膏生产，出现了多种品种，更好的增强了其企业市场竞争力。该牙膏厂采取的是多元化战略中的( )战略类型。 A．同心多元化 B．水平多元化 C．不相关多元化 D．横向一体化

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第10题：已知x-y-3z=0，x+y-z=0，则 =( )

【单选题】： A     B     C     D