【单选题】美国学者弗雷德里克•温斯洛•泰罗被称为“科学管理之父”,按照他的理论,管理的中心问题是管理的( )。
A、科学性问题
B、合理性问题
C、效率性问题
D、系统性问题
A、科学性问题
B、合理性问题
C、效率性问题
D、系统性问题
【单选题】控制是依据一定的标准去( )工作绩效。
A、完成
B、估计
C、衡量
D、监视
A、完成
B、估计
C、衡量
D、监视
【单选题】EinstEin`s EArliEst politiCAl ACtivity CAmE During thE First worm wAr,whEn hE wAs A proFEssor inBErlin. siCkEnED By whAt hE sAw As thE wAstE oF humAn livEs,hE BECAmE involvED in AntiwAr DEmonstrAtions. his ADvoCACy oF Civil DisoBEDiEnCE AnD puBliC EnCourAgEmEnt oF pEoplE to rEFusE ConsCription(征兵)DiD littlE to EnDEAr him to his CollEAguEs. thEn,Following thE wAr,hE DirECtED his EFForts towArD rEConCiliAtion AnD improving intErnAtionAl rElAtions. this,too,DiD not mAkE him populAr,AnD soon his politiCs wErE mAking it DiFFiCult For him to visit thE unitED stAtEs,EvEn to givE lECturEs.
EinstEin`s sEConD grEAt CAusE wAs zionism(犹太复国主义)。Although hE wAs jEwish By DEsCEnt,EinstEin rEjECtED thE BiBliCAl iDEA oF goD、howEvEr,A growing AwArEnEss oF Anti-sEmitism(反犹太人主义),Both BEForE AnD During thE First worlD wAr,lED him grADuAlly to iDEntiFy with thE jEwish Community,AnD lAtEr to BEComE An outspokEn supportEr oF zionism. onCE morE unpopulArity DiD not stop him From spEAking his minD、
his thEoriEs CAmE unDEr AttACk;An Anti-EinstEin orgAnizAtion wAs EvEn sEt up. onE mAn wAs ConviCtED oF inCiting othErs to murDErEinstEin(AnD FinED A mErE six DollArs)。
ButEinstEin rEmAinED CAlm:whEn A Book wAs puBlishEDEntitlED 100AuthorsAgAinstEinstEin,hE rEtortED,“iF i wErE wrong,thEn onE woulD hAvE BEEn Enough!” in 1933,hitlEr CAmE to powEr.EinstEin wAs inAmEriCA,AnD DEClArED hE woulD not rEturn to gErmAny. thEn,whilE nAzi militiA rAiDED his housE AnD ConFisCAtED his BAnk ACCount,ABErlin nEwspApEr DisplAyED thE hEADlinE “gooD nEws FromEinstEin-hE`s notComingBACk. ”in thE FACE oF thE nAzi thrEAt,EinstEin rEnounCED pACiFism,AnD EvEntuAlly,FEAring thAt gErmAn sCiEntists woulD BuilD A nuClEAr BomB,proposED thAt thE unitED stAtEs shoulD DEvElop its own.But EvEn BEForE thE First AtomiC BomB hAD BEEn DEtonAtED,hE wAs puBliCly wArning oF thE DAngErs oF nuClEAr wAr AnD proposing intErnAtionAl Control oF nuClEAr wEAponry.
31.During thE First worlD wAr,EinstEin()
A、turnED A BlinD EyE to thE wAstE oF humAn livEs
B、rEmAinED opEnly hostilE to his govErnmEnt
C、CAllED on his CollEAguEs to go to wAr AnD Fight For thEir own Country
D、urgED his govErnmEnt to rEsort to ConsCription to gEt An ADEquAtE Army
32.EinstEin` s AttituDE towArD thE First worlD wAr AnD zionism()
A、wAs DrAmAtiCAlly ChAngED whEn it BECAmE unDEr AttACk
B、wAs slightly ChAngED By thE pErsuAsion oF his FEllow CountrymEn
C、mADE him An EnEmy oF somE oF his FEllow CountrymEn
D、EArnED him thE rEspECt oF his FEllow CountrymEn
33. it CAn BE ConCluDED From thE pAssAgE thAtEinstEin ()
A、wAs A vEry piousChristiAn
B、wAs too nAivE in politiCs
C、AChiEvED A grEAt suCCEss in politiCs
D、DiD not BEliEvE in goD
34.By sAying:“iF i wErE wrong,thEn onE woulD hAvE BEEn Enough!”,EinstEin mEAnt thAt()
A、hE wAs Fighting For A rightEous CAusE
B、thosE 100 Authors wErE gooD For nothing
C、thosE 100 Authors wErE BriBED By thE nAzi rEgimE
D、hE wAs muCh morE CompEtEnt thAn thosE 100 Authors
35. whEnEinstEin DECiDED not to rEturn to gErmAny,thE mEDiA()
A、FElt FrustrAtED
B、wAs DElightED
C、BECAmE Furious
D、kEpt silEnt
EinstEin`s sEConD grEAt CAusE wAs zionism(犹太复国主义)。Although hE wAs jEwish By DEsCEnt,EinstEin rEjECtED thE BiBliCAl iDEA oF goD、howEvEr,A growing AwArEnEss oF Anti-sEmitism(反犹太人主义),Both BEForE AnD During thE First worlD wAr,lED him grADuAlly to iDEntiFy with thE jEwish Community,AnD lAtEr to BEComE An outspokEn supportEr oF zionism. onCE morE unpopulArity DiD not stop him From spEAking his minD、
his thEoriEs CAmE unDEr AttACk;An Anti-EinstEin orgAnizAtion wAs EvEn sEt up. onE mAn wAs ConviCtED oF inCiting othErs to murDErEinstEin(AnD FinED A mErE six DollArs)。
ButEinstEin rEmAinED CAlm:whEn A Book wAs puBlishEDEntitlED 100AuthorsAgAinstEinstEin,hE rEtortED,“iF i wErE wrong,thEn onE woulD hAvE BEEn Enough!” in 1933,hitlEr CAmE to powEr.EinstEin wAs inAmEriCA,AnD DEClArED hE woulD not rEturn to gErmAny. thEn,whilE nAzi militiA rAiDED his housE AnD ConFisCAtED his BAnk ACCount,ABErlin nEwspApEr DisplAyED thE hEADlinE “gooD nEws FromEinstEin-hE`s notComingBACk. ”in thE FACE oF thE nAzi thrEAt,EinstEin rEnounCED pACiFism,AnD EvEntuAlly,FEAring thAt gErmAn sCiEntists woulD BuilD A nuClEAr BomB,proposED thAt thE unitED stAtEs shoulD DEvElop its own.But EvEn BEForE thE First AtomiC BomB hAD BEEn DEtonAtED,hE wAs puBliCly wArning oF thE DAngErs oF nuClEAr wAr AnD proposing intErnAtionAl Control oF nuClEAr wEAponry.
31.During thE First worlD wAr,EinstEin()
A、turnED A BlinD EyE to thE wAstE oF humAn livEs
B、rEmAinED opEnly hostilE to his govErnmEnt
C、CAllED on his CollEAguEs to go to wAr AnD Fight For thEir own Country
D、urgED his govErnmEnt to rEsort to ConsCription to gEt An ADEquAtE Army
32.EinstEin` s AttituDE towArD thE First worlD wAr AnD zionism()
A、wAs DrAmAtiCAlly ChAngED whEn it BECAmE unDEr AttACk
B、wAs slightly ChAngED By thE pErsuAsion oF his FEllow CountrymEn
C、mADE him An EnEmy oF somE oF his FEllow CountrymEn
D、EArnED him thE rEspECt oF his FEllow CountrymEn
33. it CAn BE ConCluDED From thE pAssAgE thAtEinstEin ()
A、wAs A vEry piousChristiAn
B、wAs too nAivE in politiCs
C、AChiEvED A grEAt suCCEss in politiCs
D、DiD not BEliEvE in goD
34.By sAying:“iF i wErE wrong,thEn onE woulD hAvE BEEn Enough!”,EinstEin mEAnt thAt()
A、hE wAs Fighting For A rightEous CAusE
B、thosE 100 Authors wErE gooD For nothing
C、thosE 100 Authors wErE BriBED By thE nAzi rEgimE
D、hE wAs muCh morE CompEtEnt thAn thosE 100 Authors
35. whEnEinstEin DECiDED not to rEturn to gErmAny,thE mEDiA()
A、FElt FrustrAtED
B、wAs DElightED
C、BECAmE Furious
D、kEpt silEnt
【单选题】whilE FAshion is thought oF usuAlly in rElAtion to Clothing,it is importAnt to rEAlizE thAt it CovErs A muCh wiDEr DomAin. it is to BE FounD in mAnnErs,thE Arts,litErAturE,AnD philosophy,AnD mAy EvEn rEACh into CErtAin ArEAs oF sCiEnCE. in FACt,it mAy opErAtE in Any FiElD oF group liFE,ApArt From thE tEChnologiCAl AnD utilitAriAn ArEA AnD thE ArEA oF thE sACrED、its opErAtion rEquirEs A ClAss soCiEty,For in its EssEntiAl ChArACtEr it DoEs not oCCur EithEr in A homogEnEous soCiEty likE A primitivE group,or in A CAstE(社会等级)soCiEty.
FAshion BEhAvEs As A movEmEnt,AnD on this BAsis it is DiFFErEnt From Custom whiCh,By CompArison,is stAtiC、this is DuE to thE FACt thAt FAshion is BAsED FunDAmEntAlly on DiFFErEntiAtion AnD EmulAtion(仿效)。in A ClAss soCiEty,thE uppEr ClAssEs or so-CAllED soCiAl ElitE(精英)ArE not ABlE to DiFFErEntiAtE thEmsElvEs By FixED symBols or BADgEs. hEnCE thE morE ExtErnAl FEAturEs oF thEir liFE AnD BEhAvior ArE likEly to BE imitAtED By ClAssEs immEDiAtEly BElow thEm,who,in turn,ArE imitAtED By groups immEDiAtEly BElow thEm in thE soCiAl struCturE. this proCEss givEs to FAshion A vErtiCAl DEsCEnt. howEvEr,thE ElitE ClAss FinDs thAt it is no longEr DistinguishABlE,By rEAson oF thE imitAtion mADE By othErs,AnD hEnCE is lED to ADopt nEw DiFFErEntiAting CritEriA,only to DisplACE thEsE As thEy in turn ArE imitAtED、it is primArily this FEAturE thAt mAkEs FAshion into A movEmEnt AnD whiCh hAs lED onE writEr to rEmArk thAt A FAshion,onCE lAunChED,movEs to its Doom.
As A movEmEnt,FAshion shows littlE rEsEmBlAnCE to Any oF thE othEr movEmEnts whiCh wE hAvE ConsiDErED、whilE it oCCurs spontAnEously AnD movEs Along in A ChArACtEristiC CyClE,it involvEs littlE in thE wAy oF CrowD BEhAvior AnD it is not DEpEnDEnt upon thE DisCussion proCEss AnD thE rEsulting puBliC opinion. it DoEs not DEpEnD upon thE mEChAnisms oF whiCh wE hAvE spokEn. thE pArtiCipAnts ArE not rECruitED through AgitAtion. no morAlE is Built up Among thEm. nor DoEs thE FAshion movEmEnt hAvE,or rEquirE,An iDEology. FurthEr,sinCE it DoEs not hAvE A lEADErship impArting ConsCious DirECtion to thE movEmEnt,it DoEs not BuilD up A sEt oF tACtiCs. pEoplE tAkE pArt in thE FAshion movEmEnt voluntArily AnD in rEsponsE to thE intErEsting AnD powErFul kinD oF Control whiCh FAshion imposEs on thEm.
36. it is known From thE First pArAgrAph thAt()
A、FAshion opErAtEs in EvEry soCiEty
B、FAshion CAn BE FounD only in A FEw FiElDs oF group liFE
C、FAshion originAtEs in A ClAss soCiEty
D、pEoplE likE to kEEp up with FAshion in A primitivE soCiEty
37.ACCorDing to thE Author,whiCh oF thE Following pEoplE usuAlly lEAD A nEw FAshion?()
A、philosophErs
B、Artists
C、writErs
D、thE soCiAl ElitE
38. thE Following stAtEmEnts ArE FAlsEExCEpt()
A、FAshion,As A movEmEnt,is stAtiC
B、A FAshion is DEstinED to DisAppEAr onCE it is lAunChED
C、A FAshion will nEvEr vAnish onCE it is introDuCED
D、thE uppEr ClAssEs plAy A littlE rolE in mAking FAshion into A movEmEnt
39.ACCorDing to thE Author,A FAshion movEmEnt()
A、will EvEntuAlly DEvElop into A soCiAl orgAnizAtion
B、hAs littlE in Common with othEr movEmEnts
C、hAs A powErFul lEADErship guiDing it
D、hAs A sEt oF symBols AnD vAluEs
40. it CAn BE inFErrED From thE pAssAgE thAt A FAshion movEmEnt()
A、is A Form oF ExprEssivE BEhAvior
B、ContriButEs A grEAt DEAl to thE wAy oF CrowD BEhAvior
C、CAn Boost thE morAlE oF its pArtiCipAnts
D、FunCtions in thE sAmE wAy As spECiFiC soCiAl movEmEnts
FAshion BEhAvEs As A movEmEnt,AnD on this BAsis it is DiFFErEnt From Custom whiCh,By CompArison,is stAtiC、this is DuE to thE FACt thAt FAshion is BAsED FunDAmEntAlly on DiFFErEntiAtion AnD EmulAtion(仿效)。in A ClAss soCiEty,thE uppEr ClAssEs or so-CAllED soCiAl ElitE(精英)ArE not ABlE to DiFFErEntiAtE thEmsElvEs By FixED symBols or BADgEs. hEnCE thE morE ExtErnAl FEAturEs oF thEir liFE AnD BEhAvior ArE likEly to BE imitAtED By ClAssEs immEDiAtEly BElow thEm,who,in turn,ArE imitAtED By groups immEDiAtEly BElow thEm in thE soCiAl struCturE. this proCEss givEs to FAshion A vErtiCAl DEsCEnt. howEvEr,thE ElitE ClAss FinDs thAt it is no longEr DistinguishABlE,By rEAson oF thE imitAtion mADE By othErs,AnD hEnCE is lED to ADopt nEw DiFFErEntiAting CritEriA,only to DisplACE thEsE As thEy in turn ArE imitAtED、it is primArily this FEAturE thAt mAkEs FAshion into A movEmEnt AnD whiCh hAs lED onE writEr to rEmArk thAt A FAshion,onCE lAunChED,movEs to its Doom.
As A movEmEnt,FAshion shows littlE rEsEmBlAnCE to Any oF thE othEr movEmEnts whiCh wE hAvE ConsiDErED、whilE it oCCurs spontAnEously AnD movEs Along in A ChArACtEristiC CyClE,it involvEs littlE in thE wAy oF CrowD BEhAvior AnD it is not DEpEnDEnt upon thE DisCussion proCEss AnD thE rEsulting puBliC opinion. it DoEs not DEpEnD upon thE mEChAnisms oF whiCh wE hAvE spokEn. thE pArtiCipAnts ArE not rECruitED through AgitAtion. no morAlE is Built up Among thEm. nor DoEs thE FAshion movEmEnt hAvE,or rEquirE,An iDEology. FurthEr,sinCE it DoEs not hAvE A lEADErship impArting ConsCious DirECtion to thE movEmEnt,it DoEs not BuilD up A sEt oF tACtiCs. pEoplE tAkE pArt in thE FAshion movEmEnt voluntArily AnD in rEsponsE to thE intErEsting AnD powErFul kinD oF Control whiCh FAshion imposEs on thEm.
36. it is known From thE First pArAgrAph thAt()
A、FAshion opErAtEs in EvEry soCiEty
B、FAshion CAn BE FounD only in A FEw FiElDs oF group liFE
C、FAshion originAtEs in A ClAss soCiEty
D、pEoplE likE to kEEp up with FAshion in A primitivE soCiEty
37.ACCorDing to thE Author,whiCh oF thE Following pEoplE usuAlly lEAD A nEw FAshion?()
A、philosophErs
B、Artists
C、writErs
D、thE soCiAl ElitE
38. thE Following stAtEmEnts ArE FAlsEExCEpt()
A、FAshion,As A movEmEnt,is stAtiC
B、A FAshion is DEstinED to DisAppEAr onCE it is lAunChED
C、A FAshion will nEvEr vAnish onCE it is introDuCED
D、thE uppEr ClAssEs plAy A littlE rolE in mAking FAshion into A movEmEnt
39.ACCorDing to thE Author,A FAshion movEmEnt()
A、will EvEntuAlly DEvElop into A soCiAl orgAnizAtion
B、hAs littlE in Common with othEr movEmEnts
C、hAs A powErFul lEADErship guiDing it
D、hAs A sEt oF symBols AnD vAluEs
40. it CAn BE inFErrED From thE pAssAgE thAt A FAshion movEmEnt()
A、is A Form oF ExprEssivE BEhAvior
B、ContriButEs A grEAt DEAl to thE wAy oF CrowD BEhAvior
C、CAn Boost thE morAlE oF its pArtiCipAnts
D、FunCtions in thE sAmE wAy As spECiFiC soCiAl movEmEnts
【单选题】禁止在公众媒介上刊登香烟广告并不能减少年轻人吸烟的
数量,因为他们早知道世界上有香烟,早知道香烟的各种品牌,并且熟知从哪里能搞到它们。他们不需要广告提供这些信息。以下()项,如果是真的,最能削弱上述论证?
A.看或听广告,能增加一个人获得此种产品的欲望。
B.禁止在公共媒介上刊登香烟广告会使得其他形式的香烟广告激增。
C.公共媒介上香烟广告费用是烟草公司的一项主要开支。
D.反对吸烟者从一开始就在公众媒介上做广告反对吸烟。
E.和比起来,老年人较不易受公众媒介上广告的影响。
数量,因为他们早知道世界上有香烟,早知道香烟的各种品牌,并且熟知从哪里能搞到它们。他们不需要广告提供这些信息。以下()项,如果是真的,最能削弱上述论证?
A.看或听广告,能增加一个人获得此种产品的欲望。
B.禁止在公共媒介上刊登香烟广告会使得其他形式的香烟广告激增。
C.公共媒介上香烟广告费用是烟草公司的一项主要开支。
D.反对吸烟者从一开始就在公众媒介上做广告反对吸烟。
E.和比起来,老年人较不易受公众媒介上广告的影响。
【单选题】从沟通结构模式看,政府举办的听证会属于()。
A.互联式沟通
B.单联式沟通
C.聚联式沟通
D.非正式沟通
A.互联式沟通
B.单联式沟通
C.聚联式沟通
D.非正式沟通
【单选题】公共财政管理的三大目标是()。
A.效率、公平与廉政
B.公平、稳定与廉政
C.效率、稳定与廉政
D.效率、公平与稳定
A.效率、公平与廉政
B.公平、稳定与廉政
C.效率、稳定与廉政
D.效率、公平与稳定
【单选题】根据立法与执法的不同工作性质,决策可以分为()。
A.国家决策与政党决策
B.政府决策与政党决策
C.国家决策与部门决策
D.国家决策与政府决策
A.国家决策与政党决策
B.政府决策与政党决策
C.国家决策与部门决策
D.国家决策与政府决策
【单选题】公司召集中层以上管理人员开会,传达上级指示,并要求与会人员向各自部门传达。在上述过程中,采用的沟通模式是()。
A.环式沟通,Y式沟通
B.轮式沟通,链式沟通
C.环式沟通,链式沟通
D.轮式沟通,全通道式沟通
A.环式沟通,Y式沟通
B.轮式沟通,链式沟通
C.环式沟通,链式沟通
D.轮式沟通,全通道式沟通
【多选题】根据公共领域和非公共领域的划分及其主体组成形式,我们可以将现代社会的管理划分为( )。
A.科学管理
B.目标管理、过程管理和结果管理
C.公共管理
D.企业管理
A.科学管理
B.目标管理、过程管理和结果管理
C.公共管理
D.企业管理
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