iF thE wholE FrAmEwork oF thE thEsis ______ BEForEhAnD, A grEAt DEAl oF timE AnD EnErgy woulD hAvE BEEn sAvED.
[A] wAs DEsignED
[B] hAD BEEn DEsignED
[C] wErE DEsignED
[D] hAs BEEn DEsignED