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If you want to help children develop language and speech skills , ucla researchers say , listening to what they have to say is just as important as talking to them

The effect of a conversation between a child and an adult is about six times as great as the effect of adult speech input alone , the researchers found . adults speaking to children helps language develop , but what matters much more is the interaction , said the study s lead author frederick zimmerman , an associate professor in the school of Public health at the university of califomia , los angeles . the researchers also found that tv viewing didn t have much of an effect - positively or negatively - as long as it wash t displacing conversations between an adult and a child .
The ucla study included 2 7 5 families with children between 2 months and 4 8
months old . they represented a variety of incomes and education . the researchers found that , in an average day , children hear about 1 3 , 0 0 0 spoken words from adults and participated in about 4 0 0 adult - child conversations a day .
ssessed separately , factors positively associated with language development
included each additional 1 0 0 conversations a day and each 1 , 0 0 0 word increase in the number of words spoken by adults and heard by children . when looked at alone , tv
was negatively associated with language development . but , when the three factors were analyzed together , the only one that stood out was conversation between adults and children
The more a child speaks and interacts with an adult , the better idea a parent has about where the child is , zimmerman said . although it ' s mostly done unconsciousl parents will provide feedback and correct mistakes . they ' also tailor their speech to the child . parents can give a child words by talking to them about what they re doin such as , ' putting on your pajamas now . but give your child the opportunity to talk . hopefully without the rest of the noise in the environment , she added " if parents can carve out some conversation time maybe at bath time or at dinner time - that ' sa wonderful thing
  the researchers also found that tv viewing
a had a little effect on a childs language development
b could have a positive effect on a childs language development
c affected a child s language development both negatively and positively
d affected a child ' s language development more negatively than positively