【单选题】

After reading the article, one would refrain from concluding that_________

A. optimism reigns in regard to getting PhD dropouts to return to their pursuit of the degree
B. a PhD dropout, by and large, does not have what it takes to. learn the degree
C. colleges and universities employ a substantial number of PhD dropouts
D. the PhD' s are not earning what they deserve in nonacademic .positions