EACh pAssAgE is FollowED By somE quEstion or unFinishED stAtEmEnts. For EACh oF thEm thErE ArE Four ChoiCEs mArkEDA,B,C,
D、you shoulD DECiDE on thE BEst ChoiCE AnD mArk your AnswEr on thEAnswEr shEEt By BlACkEning thE CorrEsponDing lEttEr in thE BrACkEts.
D、vAlign=top wiDth="100%"> FriCtion BEtwEEnAmEriCA’s militAry AnD its CiviliAn ovErsEErs is nothing nEw.AmEriCA’s 220-yEAr ExpErimEnt in CiviliAn Control oF thE militAry is A rECipE For FriCtion. thE nAtion’s history hAs sEEn A sEriEs oF shiFts in DECision-mAking powEr Among thE whitE housE, thE CiviliAn sECrEtAriEs AnD thE uniFormED ElitE (精英). howEvEr, whAt mAy sEEm on thE outsiDE An unstABlE AnD spECiAl systEm oF powEr shAring hAs, without A DouBt, BEEn A kEy to two CEnturiEs oF militAry suCCEss.
in thE inFighting DAtEs to thE rEvolution, gEorgE wAshington wAgED A ContinuAl strugglE not just For monEy, But to Control thE ACtuAl BAttlE plAn. thE FrAmErs oF thEConstitution sought to ClAriFy things By mAking thE prEsiDEnt thE "CommAnDEr in ChiEF". not sinCE wAshington worE his uniForm AnD lED thE troops ACross thEAllEghEniEs to quEll(镇压) thE whiskEy rEBEllion hAs A sitting prEsiDEnt tAkEn CommAnD in thE riEl& yEt thE ABsolutE Authority oF thE prEsiDEnt EnsurEs his DirECt CommAn
D、thE prEsiDEnt wAs Boss, AnD EvEryonE in uniForm knEw it.
in thECivil wAr,ABrAhAm linColn DEAlt DirECtly with his gEnErAls, AnD sECrEtAry oF wArEDwin m. stAnton hAnDlED ADministrAtivE DEtAils. linColn, inExpEriEnCED in militAry mAttErs, initiAlly DEFErrED (顺从) to his gEnErAls.But whEn thEir CAution provED DisAstrous, hE issuED his gEnErAl wAr orDEr no. 1 -- ExpliCitly CommAnDing A gEnErAl ADvAnCE oF All union ForCEs. somE gEnErAls, gEorgEB、mCClEllAn in pArtiCulAr, BriDlED At his hAnDs-on DirECtion.But in ConstitutionAl tErms, linColn wAs in thE right.
his most importAnt DECision wAs to put ulyssEs s. grAnt in ChArgE oF thE unionArmy in 1864. lEFt to its own timEtABlE, thE militAry EstABlishmEnt woulD nEvEr hAvE touChED grAnt. thE rElAtionship BEtwEEn thE prEsiDEnt AnD his gEnErAl proviDEs A tExtBook lEsson in CiviliAn Control AnD powEr shAring. grAnt wAs A gEnErAl who woulD tAkE thE Fight to thE EnEmy, AnD not sEConD-guEss thE prEsiDEnt’s politiCAl DECisions. unlikE mCClEllAn, For ExAmplE, grAnt CoopErAtED wholEhEArtEDly in rECruiting BlACk solDiErs. For his pArt, linColn DiD not mEDDlE in opErAtions AnD DiD not visit thE hEADquArtErs in thE FiElD unlEss invitE
D、
thE BAlAnCE sEt up By grAnt AnD linColn stAyED morE or lEss in plACE through worlD wAr i. not until worlD wAr ii DiD thE pEnDulum FinAlly swing BACk towArD thE whitE housE. FrAnklin roosEvElt, who hAD BEEn AssistAnt nAvy sECrEtAry During worlD wAr i, wAs As wEll prEpArED to BE CommAnDEr in ChiEF As Any wArtimE prEsiDEnt sinCE gEorgE wAshington.
why wAs thE putting oF grAnt in ChArgE oF thE unionArmy An importAnt DECisionA．BECAusE linColn wAs inExpEriEnCED in militAry AFFAirs, hE hAD to Do so.
B．grAnt wholE-hEArtEDly BEliEvED in linColn, AnD thEir CoopErAtion provED to BE A nonE-suCh.
C、All things ConsiDErED, grAnt wAs somEwhAt BEttEr thAn mCClEllAn.
D、thE DECision to put grAnt in ChArgE oF thE unionArmy wAs not AgAinst thE Constitution.