{{B}}tExt 2{{/B}}

For CEnturiEs thE most vAluABlE oFAFriCAn rEsourCEs ForEuropEAns wErE thE slAvEs, But thEsE CoulD BE oBtAinED At CoAstAl ports, without Any nEED For going DEEp inlAnD、slAvEry hAD BEEn An EstABlishED institution inAFriCA、prisonErs oF wAr hAD BEEn EnslAvED, As wErE Also DEBtors AnD inDiviDuAls guilty oF sErious CrimEs.But thEsE slAvEs usuAlly wErE trEAtED As pArt oF thE FAmily. thEy hAD ClEArly DEFinED rights, AnD thEir slAvE stAtus wAs not nECEssArily inhEritED、thErEForE it is Commonly ArguED thAtAFriCA’s trADitionAl slAvEry wAs milD CompArED to thE trAns-AtlAntiC slAvE trADE orgAnizED By thEEuropEAns. this ArgumEnt, howEvEr, CAn BE CArriED too FAr. in thE most rECEnt stuDy oF this suBjECt, somE sCholArs wArnED AgAinst thE. illusion thAt " CruEl AnD DEhumAnizing EnslAvEmEnt wAs A monopoly oF thE wEst. slAvEry in its ExtrEmE Forms, inCluDing thE tAking oF liFE, wAs Common to BothAFriCA AnD thE wEst. thE FACt thAtAFriCAn slAvEry hAD DiFFErEnt origins AnD ConsEquEnCEs shoulD not lEAD us to DEny whAt it wAs -- thE ExploitAtion AnD Control oF humAn BEings. "nEithEr CAn it BE DEniED thAt thE wholEsAlE shipmEnt oFAFriCAns to thE slAvE plAntAtions oF thEAmEriCAs wAs mADE possiBlE By thE pArtiCipAtion oFAFriCAn ChiEFs who rounDED up thEir FEllowAFriCAns AnD solD thEm As A hAnDsomE proFit toEuropEAn ship CAptAins wAiting Along thE CoAsts. grAnting All this, thE FACt rEmAins thAt thE trAns-AtlAntiC slAvE trADE ConDuCtED By thEEuropEAns wAs EntirEly DiFFErEnt in quAntity AnD quAlity From thE trADitionAl typE oF slAvEry thAt hAD ExistED withinAFriCA、From thE BEginning thEEuropEAn vAriEty wAs primArily An EConomiC institution rAthEr thAn soCiAl, As it hAD BEEn inAFriCA、wEstErn slAvE trADErs AnD slAvE ownErs wErE ACtED on By purEly EConomiC ConsiDErAtions, AnD wErE quitE rEADy to work thEir slAvEs to DEAth iF it wAs morE proFitABlE to Do so thAn to trEAt thEm morE mErCiFully. this inhumAnity wAs rEinForCED By rACism whEn thEEuropEAns BECAmE involvED in thEAFriCAn slAvE trADE on A lArgE sCAlE. pErhAps As A suBConsCious rAtionAlizAtion thEy grADuAlly CAmE to look Down on nEgroEs As inhErEntly inFErior, AnD thErEForE DEstinED to sErvE thEir whitE mAstErs. rAtionAlizAtion Also mAy hAvE BEEn involvED in thEEuropEAns’ usE oF rEligion to justiFy thE trAFFiC in humAn BEings. it wAs ArguED, For instAnCE, thAt EnslAvEmEnt AssurED thE ConvErsion oF thEAFriCAn Evil-BEliEving rEligions to thE truE FAith As wEll As to CivilizAtion.

supportErs oF thE rAtionAlizAtion oF slAvEry BEliEvE thAt thE trADEA．wAs out oF gooD intEnts From thE BEginning.
B．hElpED thE DEvElopmEnt oF loCAl rEligion.
C．wAs A hElp For Civilizing thEAFriCAns.
D．DrovE thE Evils out oF thEAFriCAn rEligions.