【单选题】

In 1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel.By 2008, it had (1) the $100 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge (2) from the dramatic growth of the economies ofChina and India to widespread (3) in oil-producing regions, including Iraq and Nigeria’s delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have (4) the economic and political map of the world, (5) some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, (6) major importers—includingChina and India, home to a third of the worlds population— (7) rising economic and social costs.

Managing this new order is fast becoming a central (8) of global politics.Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to (9) scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, (10) how un-pleasant, to do it.
In many poor nations with oil, the profits are being, lost to corruption, (11) these countries of their best hope for development.And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, (12) some in the west see as a new threat.
Countries like Russia, Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil (13) , a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies.But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, (14) costs, from higher prices.Considering Germany, (15) it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Russia and the MiddleEast. German exports to Russia (16) 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.
In the United States, as already high gas prices rose (17) higher in the spring of 2008, the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama (18) for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months.And driving habits began to (19) , as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems (20) the country reported a sharp increase in riders,
A、intensity B、infinity C、insecurityD、instability