【分析解答题】

It is difficult to see how one can teach if one is not learning.But there are some distinctions to be made here. To rely on last year’s notes, or -- even worse -- one’s last year’s memory, as if that would always be an adequate basis for passing on knowledge, is to mistake what human knowledge is. 46.And so the assimilation of books, the reading of articles, the pursuit of matters of concern will be crucial to one’s ability to introduce and develop a student’s ability to participate in a specific universe of discourse.

Research might be thought to be another matter especially if it is defined as adding to the sum total of human knowledge. 47. The expansion of higher education which has taken place, and more particularly the expansion which is likely to take place, simply makes it unlikely that all those who are legitimately involved in the teaching and who fulfill their responsibilities utterly in that regard, are themselves all capable of adding anything worth having to the sum total of human knowledge. It seems best, therefore, not to assume it, and not to presume what in principle is undeliverable. On the other hand, an institution of higher education which is not committed as a community to research will be defective. 48. The limit of what we know must be apparent, the means and opportunities of inquiry must be understood, the value of research shared, even if it is only some members of a department, a faculty or an institution who are actually engaged in it. Scholarship is for all; research for those who are most adept. 49. Of course, a proper celebration of the role of teaching and the art of the teacher will help to put fight the very serious disparity of esteem which is affecting our judgment in this areA、
But all this has implications for staff development. The distribution of resources by the institution will be a judgment on its moral perspective. So the identification and support of ways in which teaching can be improved, will be as important as the development of research in the life of an academic community. 50. Something significant is done by the support of scholarship, by financing attendance at conferences; but attention to teaching styles and learning strategies through courses, discussion, visiting lectures, schools, may all be as important.