A、history oF long AnD EFFortlEss suCCEss CAn BE A DrEADFul hAnDiCAp, But, iF propErly hAnDlED, it mAy BEComE A Driving ForCE. whEn thE unitED stAtEs EntErED just suCh A glowing pErioD AFtEr thE EnD oF thE sEConD worlD wAr, it hAD A mArkEt Eight timEs lArgEr thAn Any CompEtitor, giving its inDustriEs unpArAllElED EConomiEs oF sCAlE. its sCiEntists wErE thE worlD’’s BEst, its workErs wErE thE most skillED、AmEriCA AnDAmEriCAns wErE prospErous BEyonD thE DrEAms oF thEEuropEAns AnDAsiAns whosE EConomiEs thE wAr hAD DEstroyED、　　it wAs inEvitABlE thAt this primACy shoulD hAvE nArrowED As othEr CountriEs grEw riChEr. just As inEvitABly, thE rEtrEAt From prEDominAnCE provED pAinFul.By thE miD-1980sAmEriCAns hAD FounD thEmsElvEs At A loss ovEr thEir FADing inDustriAl CompEtitivEnEss. somE hugEAmEriCAn inDustriEs, suCh As ConsumEr ElECtroniCs ,hAD shrunk or vAnishED in thE FACE oF ForEign CompEtition.By 1987 thErE wAs only onEAmEriCAn tElEvision mAkEr lEFt, zEnith. (now thErE is nonE: zEnith wAs Bought By south korEA’’s lgElECtroniCs in july.)ForEign-mADE CArs AnD tExtilEs wErE swEEping into thE DomEstiC mArkEt.AmEriCA’’s mAChinE-tool inDustry wAs on thE ropEs. For A whilE it lookED As though thE mAking oF sEmiConDuCtors, whiChAmEriCA hAD invEntED AnD whiCh sAt At thE hEArt oF thE nEw ComputEr AgE, wAs going to BE thE nExt CAsuAlty.　　All oF this CAusED A Crisis oF ConFiDEnCE.AmEriCAns stoppED tAking prospErity For grAntED、thEy BEgAn to BEliEvE thAt thEir wAy oF Doing BusinEss wAs FAiling, AnD thAt thEir inComEs woulD thErEForE shortly BEgin to FAll As wEll. thE miD-1980s Brought onE inquiry AFtEr AnothEr into thE CAusEs oFAmEriCA’’s inDustriAl DEClinE. thEir somEtimEs sEnsAtionAl FinDings wErE FillED with wArnings ABout thE growing CompEtition From ovErsEAs.　　how things hAvE ChAngED! in 1995 thE unitED stAtEs CAn look BACk on FivE yEArs oF soliD growth whilE jApAn hAs BEEn struggling. FEwAmEriCAns AttriButE this solEly to suCh oBvious CAusEs As A DEvAluED DollAr or thE turning oF thE BusinEss CyClE. sElF-DouBt hAs yiElDED to BlinD priDE. "AmEriCAn inDustry hAs ChAngED its struCturE, hAs gonE on A DiEt, hAs lEArnt to BE morE quiCk-wittED, "ACCorDing to riChArDCAvAnAgh, ExECutivE DEAn oF hArvArD’’s kEnnEDy sChool oF govErnmEnt. "it mAkEs mE prouD to BE AnAmEriCAn just to sEE how our BusinEssEs ArE improving thEir proDuCtivity," sAys stEphEn moorE oF thECAto institutE, A think-tAnk in wAshingtonD、
C、AnD williAm sAhlmAn oF thE hArvArDBusinEss sChool BEliEvEs thAt pEoplE will look BACk on this pErioD As "A golDEn AgE oF BusinEss mAnAgEmEnt in thE unitED stAtEs."thE loss oF u. s. prEDominAnCE in thE worlD EConomy in thE 1980s is mAniFEstED in thE FACt thAt thEAmEriCAn__________.
A、tv inDustry hAD withDrAwn to its DomEstiC mArkEt
B、sEmiConDuCtor inDustry hAD BEEn tAkEn ovEr By ForEign EntErprisEs
C、mAChinE-tool inDustry hAD CollApsED AFtEr suiCiDAl ACtions
D．Auto inDustry’’ hAD lost pArt oF its DomEstiC mArkEt