【单选题】

The dot-com collapse may have been a disaster for Wall Street, but here in Silicon Valley, it was a blessing. It was the welcome end to an abnormal condition that very nearly destroyed the area in an overabundance of success. You see, the secret to the Valley’s astounding multiple-decade boom is failure. Failure is what fuels and renews this place. Failure is the foundation for innovation.

The valley’s business ecology depends on failure the same way the tree-covered hills around us depend on fire—it wipes out the old growth and creates space for new life. The valley has always been in danger of drowning in the unwelcome waste products of success—too many people, too expensive houses, too much traffic, too little office space and too much money chasing too few startups. Failure is the safety valve, the destructive renewing force that frees up people, ideas and capital and recombines them, creating new revolutions.
Consider how the Internet revolution came to be.After half a decade of start-up struggles, for example, hundreds of millions of Hollywood dollars were going up in smoke. It all seemed like a terrible waste, but no one noticed that the collapse left one very important byproduct, a community of laid-offC++ programmers who were now expert in multimedia design, and out on the street looking for the next big thing.
These media geeks were the pioneer of the dot-com revolution. They were the Web’s business pioneers, applying their newfound media sensibilities to create one little company after another. Most of these start-ups failed, but even in failure they advanced the new medium of cyberspace.A、few geeks, like Silicon Graphics founder JimClark, succeeded and utterly changed our lives. In 1994Clark was unemployed after leaving the company be founded, doggedly trying to develop a new interactive-TV concept. He approached MarcAndreessen, the co-developer of Mosaic, the first widely used Internet browser, in hope of persuadingAndreessen to help him de-sign his new system. Instead,Andreessen openedClark’s eyes to the Web’s potential.Clark promptly tossed his TV plans in the trash, and the two co-founded Netscape, the cornerstone of the consumer-Web revolution.
Like the interactive-TV refugees and generations of innovators before them, the dot-comers are already hatching new companies. Many are revisiting good ideas executed badly in the ’90s, while others are striking out into entirely new spaces. This happy chaos is certain to mature into a new order likely to upset an establishment, as it delivers life changing wonders to the rest of us.But this is just the start, for revolutions give birth to revolutions. So let’s hope for more of Silicon Valley’s successful failures.
It can be learned from the text that new start-upsA．usually end up with a failure.
B．are subjected to rigid supervision.
C．tend to collapse as a whole.
D．never take into account failures.