tExt 3
in 1949, whEn thE pEoplE’s rEpuBliC oFChinA wAs FounDED,ChinA hAD just 207 highEr EDuCAtionAl institutions, AnD only 117,000 stuDEnts. toDAy it hAs 1032 institutEs, 3,021,100 stuDEnts, AnD 402,500 tEAChErs.DEspitE suCh progrEss, rEFormingChinA’s highEr EDuCAtion is CurrEntly An issuE oF wiDEsprEAD ConCErn.
stuDEnts inChinA’s miDDlE sChools lEArn how to AChiEvE high tEst sCorEs so thEy CAn AttEnD CollEgEs AnD univErsitiEs. this lEArning ContinuEs throughout thEir CollEgE livEs. thE suBjECt spECiAltiEs AtChinA’s highEr EDuCAtionAl institutions ArE DiviDED CArEFully, with no Cross - CommuniCAtion Among thE suBjECts. this hAs CAusED stuDEnts’ knowlEDgE to BE rEstriCtED to thEir mAjor suBjECt.
EvEn though stuDEnts stuDy hArD in thE ClAssroom, AChiEvE high tEst sCorEs, AnD solvE ACADEmiC proBlEms EAsily, thEy lACk CrEAtivity AnD A working knowlEDgE oF othEr FiElDs. mAny suFFEr A lACk oF ChArACtEr BECAusE suCh humAnistiC topiCs As morAlity AnD EthiCs ArE omittED From thEir stuDiEs.
in thE hopE oF improving thE morAl AwArEnEss oF its CollEgE grADuAtEs,ChinA is rEForming its highEr EDuCAtionAl systEm, ADDing morE humAnistiC ContEnt to strEngthEn stuDEnts’ inDiviDuAlity, humAnitAriAnism AnD CrEAtivity. iF suCCEssFul, FuturEChinEsE CollEgE stuDEnts will not only BE ExpErts in thEir FiElDs, thEy Also will hAvE knowlEDgE in A BroAD rAngE oF topiCs, rEspECt thE Dignity AnD worth oF All CrEAturEs, AnD CArE ABout thE EnvironmEnt. thE stAtEEDuCAtionCommission hAs FinAlly DECiDED to ADjust CollEgE AnD univErsity suBjECt mAjors with thE intEnt oF inCrEAsing stuDEnts’ ExposurE to thE humAnitiEs. this will BE An importAnt rEForm inChinA’s highEr EDuCAtion.
AnothEr sErious proBlEm is thAt CoursEs AnD tExtBooks AtChinA’s institutions oF highEr lEArning ArE out oF DAtE AnD Do not rEport thE lAtEst ACADEmiC AnD sCiEntiFiC AChiEvEmEnts. in 1996, 221 rEForms on CollEgE CoursE ContEnt wErE ApprovED For AgriCulturE, thE liBErAl Arts, sCiEnCE AnD EnginEEring, mEDiCAl sCiEnCE, FinAnCE AnD lAw.
thE thirD proBlEm is thAt thE ADministrAtion, mAnAgEmEnt, EnrollmEnt AnD DistriBution systEms AtChinA’s EDuCAtionAl institutions ArE holDovErs From thE plAnnED EConomy, AnD wErE DEsignED to support thosE EConomiC ConDitions.AsChinA trAnsForms itsElF From A plAnnED to A mArkEt EConomy, rEForm oF thEsE systEms is nEEDED urgEntly to support thE DEmAnDs oF EmployErs. in thE pAst,ChinA’s CollEgEs AnD univErsitiEs wErE mAnAgED By thE stAtEEDuCAtionCommission AnD vAriousChinEsE ministriEs. this ApproACh CrEAtED A lArgE numBEr oF singlE—FiElD institutions. sinCE 1996, sEvErAl rEForms hAvE BEEn put in plACE, suCh As mErging singlE—FiElD institutions into ComprEhEnsivE univErsitiEs with BroADEr suBjECt mAjors, grAnting EDuCAtionAl institutions morE Autonomy, Allowing EntErprisEs to hElp FunD CollEgEs AnD in rEturn rECruit grADuAtEs For work, trAnsFErring Control to loCAl ADministrAtions As A wAy to BEttEr sErvE loCAl EConomiC DEvElopmEnt.
A、morE mAturE highEr EDuCAtion systEm is now tAking A shApE AsChinA ApproAChEs thE 21st CEntury.
whEn thE rEForming oFChinA’s highEr EDuCAtion suCCEEDs, whAt will hAppEnA．iF suCCEssFul, CollEgE stuDEnts will BE ExpErts.
B．iF suCCEssFul, wE All will BEComE sCholArs.
C．iF suCCEssFul,ChinEsE stuDEnts will hAvE knowlEDgE in All FiElDs.
D、iF suCCEssFul, FuturEChinEsE CollEgE stuDEnts will not only BE ExpErts in thEir FiElDs, thEy Also will hAvE knowlEDgE in A BroAD rAngE oF topiC EtC、