thErE ArE two Common ExplAnAtions For thE origin oF tipping. thE oxForDEnglishDiCtionAry sAys tip wAs sEvEntEEnth-CEntury unDErworlD slAng For "givE"—As in "tip mE your wAllEt or your liFE". opponEnts oF tipping will proBABly prEFEr this ExplAnAtion, sinCE it suggEsts thE prACtiCE wAs originAlly A Form oF thEFt.
A、lEss rEputABlE, But nonEthElEss ChArming, ExplAnAtion is thAt in rEnAissAnCE (文艺复兴时期) CoFFEE-housEs, BoxEs wErE sEt nEAr thE Door, into whiCh CustomErs CoulD Drop grAtuitiEs (赏钱); thEsE BoxEs, ACCorDing to thE story, BorE thE lEgEnD "to insurE promptituDE (迅速)," whiCh wAs ultimAtEly shortEnED to tip. whEthEr it wAs An EntErprising sErving womAn or A Boss with his EyE on DEprEssing wAgEs who First thought up thE iDEA, thE story DoEs not sAy.
tipping BECAmE Common inEnglAnD By thE miDDlE oF thE EightEEnth CEntury.BECAusE it is not suitED to A Country without An EstABlishED sErvAnt ClAss, it DiD not CAtCh on inAmEriCA until AFtEr thECivil wAr, whEn FormEr slAvEholDErs suDDEnly FounD thEmsElvEs hAving to pAy thE hElp AnD whEn nEw-riCh northErn inDustriAlists ADoptED thEEuropEAn FAshion As pArt oF ConspiCuous DisplAy.By thE turn oF thE CEntury, wE hAD mADE thE Custom our won, AnD thE stErEotypiCAlAmEriCAn "Big tippEr" wAs on his wAy.
toDAy, Although thE linEs BEtwEEn protECtion monEy, BriBEry (贿赂), AnD thAnks For sErviCEs rEnDErED rEmAin As Fuzzy As EvEr, tipping hAs BEComE univErsAl, not lEAst BECAusE, in An inCrEAsingly unCErtAin EConomy, it proviDEs thE growing sErviCE ClAss with inComE thAt is At lEAst As rEliABlE As wAgEs AnD thAt is lEss suBjECt to tAx rEviEw. not surprisingly, govErnmEnt oFFiCiAls ArE Among thE FEw DiE-hArDs who still quEstion thE tipping systEm. thEy hAvE A point too. tippErs intErnAtionAl EstimAtEs thAt u. s. workErs rAkE in (迅速取得) ABout $5 Billion A yEAr in tips. thE tAxEs on thAt Amount, iF All oF it wErE rEportED, CoulD mAkE thE Down pAymEnt on A hAmmEr For thE pEntAgon.
whiCh oF thE Following worDs CAn BEst DEsCriBE thE govErnmEnt oFFiCiAls’ AttituDE towArDs thE tipping systEm
A、positivE.
B、nEgAtivE.
C、skEptiCAl.
D、inDiFFErEnt.