ComputErCrimE
A、ComputEr CrimE is gEnErAlly DEFinED As onE thAt involvEs thE usE oF ComputErs AnD soFtwArE For illEgAl purposEs. this DoEsn’t mEAn thAt All thE CrimEs ArE nEw typEs oF CrimE. on thE ContrAry, mAny oF thEsE CrimEs, suCh As EmBEzzlEmEnt (盗用)oF FunDs, thE AltErAtion oF rECorDs, thEFt, vAnDAlism (破坏行为), sABotAgE (阴谋破坏), AnD tErrorism, CAn BE CommittED without A ComputEr.But with A ComputEr, thEsE oFFEnsEs CAn BE CArriED out morE quiCkly AnD with lEss ChAnCE thAt thE pErson rEsponsiBlE For thE CrimE will BE DisCovErED、
ComputEr CrimEs ArE on thE risE AnD hAvE BEEn For thE lAst twElvE yEArs. thEBritishCrimE survEy in 2002 AnD 2003 showED thAt 18% oF housEholDs with intErnEt ACCEss sAiD thEir homE ComputEr hAD BEEn AFFECtED By A virus. this hAD inCrEAsED to 27% in 2003 AnD 2004. onE-thirD sAiD thE virus hAD DAmAgED thEir ComputEr. thE BiEnniAlDEpArtmEnt oF trADE AnD inDustryDti) sECurityBrEAChEs survEy rEports thAt 62% oF uk BusinEssEs hAD A ComputEr sECurity inCiDEnt in thE 2006. thEsE stAtistiCs mAy unDErEstimAtE thE rEAl situAtion As mAny orgAnizAtions or inDiviDuAls mAy BE unAwArE thAt thE sECurity oF thEir ComputEr hAs BEEn CompromisED、just how muCh thEsE ComputEr CrimEs Cost thEAmEriCAn puBliC is in DisputE, But EstimAtEs rAngE From $3 Billion to $5 Billion AnnuAlly.EvEn thE FBi, whiCh AttEmpts to kEEp trACk oF thE growth or DEClinE oF All kinDs oF CrimEs, is unABlE to sAy prECisEly how lArgE A loss is involvED; howEvEr, it EstimAtEs thAt thE AvErAgE tAkE From A CompAny hit By ComputEr CrimE is $ 600,000.A、numBEr oF rEAsons ArE givEn For thE inCrEAsE in ComputEr CrimE:
A、morE ComputErs in usE AnD, thus, morE pEoplE who ArE FAmiliAr with BAsiC ComputEr opErAtion;
B、morE ComputErs tiED togEthEr in sAtEllitE AnD othEr DAtA-trAnsmission nEtworks; AnD
C、thE EAsy ACCEss oF miCroComputErs to hugE mAinFrAmE DAtA BAsEs.
thE CriminAl
moviEs AnD nEwspApEr storiEs might lEAD us to BEliEvE thAt most ComputEr CrimEs ArE CommittED By tEEnAgE "hACkErs"—BrilliAnt AnD BAsiCAlly gooD ChilDrEn who lEt thEir imAginAtion AnD tEChniCAl gEnius gEt thEm into trouBlE.But A rEAlistiC look At thE CrimEs rEvEAls thAt thE oFFEnDEr is likEly to BE An EmployEE oF thE Firm AgAinst whiCh thE CrimE hAs BEEn CommittED, i. E., An "insiDEr".
tArgEts oF ComputEr CrimE
somE AttACks Do not hAvE A spECiFiC tArgEt. howEvEr, AttACks AgAinst spECiFiC ComputErs or groups oF ComputErs ArE BEComing morE Common. homE ComputEr usErs, orgAnizAtions with lArgE nEtworks oF ComputErs, or EntirE inFrAstruCturEs mAy BE tArgEtED、AttACkErs using ComputErs mAy Also AttEmpt to DAmAgE thE FunCtioning oF thECritiCAl nAtionAl inFrAstruCturECni) whiCh inCluDEs EmErgEnCy sErviCEs, tElECommuniCAtions, EnErgy DistriBution AnD FinAnCE, All oF whiCh rEly on it. mAnyCni systEms whiCh wErE onCE isolAtED ArE now ConnECtED to thE intErnEt, inCrEAsing thEir vulnErABility.
thErE hAs BEEn spECulAtion ovEr thE prospECt oF tErrorists using ElECtroniC AttACks to tArgEt ComputEr systEms AnD nEtworks.ACCorDing to thE nAtionAl inFrAstruCturE sECurityCoorDinAtionCEntrE (nisCC、, thE proBABility oF tErrorists CArrying out An ElECtroniC AttACk AgAinst thECni is CurrEntly low CompArED with othEr risks suCh As using ExplosivE DEviCEs.
DiFFiCulty oF DEtECtion AnD prEvEntion
givEn thE kinD oF pErson who Commits A ComputEr CrimE AnD thE EnvironmEnt in whiCh thE CrimE oCCurs, it is oFtEn DiFFiCult to DEtECt who thE CriminAl is.
First oF All, thE CrimE mAy BE so ComplEx thAt months or yEArs go By BEForE AnyonE DisCovErs it.
sEConD, onCE thE CrimE hAs BEEn rEvEAlED, it is not EAsy to FinD A ClEAr trAil oF EviDEnCE thAt lEADs BACk to thE guilty pArty.AFtEr All, looking For "wEApons" or FingErprints DoEs not oCCur As it might in thE invEstigAtion oF morE ConvEntionAl CrimEs.
thirD, thErE ArE usuAlly no witnEssEs to thE ComputEr Cri