【分析解答题】

The United Kingdom of GreatBritain and Northern Ireland

Many foreigners who have not visitedBritain call all the inhabitantsEnglish, for they are used to thinking of theBritish Isles asEnglanD、In fact, theBritish Isles contain a variety of peoples and only the people ofEngland call themselves asEnglish. The others refer themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, as the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed as being classified asEnglish.
The Highlands
The drive fromEngland to Scotland provides the traveler with many pleasant changes of scenery.As it is a fairly long journey, it is good to be able to travel with a friend who can take turns with you at the wheel.
A、patriotic Scotsman travelling with anEnglish friend may tell him he is going to see, in the Highlands, the finest scenery in the worlD、This may sound exaggerated, but on arriving in the Highlands most people really agree that the scenery is indeed magnificent.
The Highlands are, as the name implies, the hilly or mountainous region of the country; they form the greater part of the western half of Scotland north of Glasgow.
On the first night in Scotland a tourist may choose to put up at a hotel in the little town ofCallander, which is known as one of "the Gateways" to the Highlands. On the following day he can set out to see the various lakes in the neighborhood, and will be delighted with the wild and romantic aspect of the countryside. When he returns to his hotel he will be glad to eat a "high tea". This is a meal which, in Scotland and many parts of northernEngland, takes place of tea and dinner. It consists of one substantial course, such as one would have at dinner, followed by bread-and-butter, with jam or honey, and some kind of cake or cakes; tea is drunk with the meal, which is taken at about six o’clock in the evening. One has a light supper late in the evening.
The next morning many tourists journey on to the west coast, passing on their way Loch Lomond, one of the largest and most famous of the Scottish lakes. The road twists and turns, dips and climbs, but is not dangerous. The greatest hazard is the black-faced sheep: these animals are as active as goats, and frequently wander recklessly into the roaD、The tourists may also see a herd of long-haired Highland cattle, which look savage but are no more so than ordinary cattle.Eventually the road runs parallel with the sea, along a coastline fringed with little islands and made ragged with rocky bays.
Edinburgh
Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, is a fine old city built partly in the valley of the River Leitfi and partly on the rolling hills which surround it. The city is dominated by the castle, an ancient fortress (要塞) standing on the summit of a massive rock, which has been the scene of many battles throughout centuries of Scottish history. Today what remains of the original castle is preserved as a museum piece.
The road from the castle to the royal palace of Holyroodhouse is known as "The Royal Mile". It is a very old road running through the oldest part of the city where there are many famous historic houses and narrow lanes called "closes". The newer part of the city lies north of the famous Princes Street, which is the widest and most impressive of the many wide streets and elegant square that are to be found inEdinburgh.
The trains bringing visitors toEdinburgh run right into the heart of the city.Climbing up the steps from Waverley Station, the visitor is greeted by a blaze of color in Princes Street Gardens and a splendid view down the mile-long length of Princes Street itself.
The grey stone buildings that line one side of Princes Street have been described as "a series of palaces"; they are, in fact, department stores and shops. In some shops you can see beautiful display of Scottish cloth,Edinburgh rock and, of course, Scotch whisky.About half way along Princes Street is t