【单选题】

The United States stands for freedom and democracy. There is a large gap between the rhetoric and the reality, but the United States does export its political ideals abroaD、And it does not just rely on force to do so. It relies on government-funded foundations like the NationalEndowment forDemocracy that distribute grants to pro-democracy organizations abroaD、US-based NGOs like Freedom House rank countries according to their adherence to political freedom, the implication being that other countries should conform to the ideals espoused in the USConstitution.

What doesChina stand for That question arose at a recent dialogue betweenConfucian andAfrican thinkers in SouthAfrica funded by theConfucius Institute. Such dialogues are relatively new: They are carried out on non-Western terms and funded by non-Western organizations. Now thatChina has more wealth, it can afford to fund dialogues that explore political alternatives to Western values.
But which values doesChina stand for and how can they be promoted abroadConfucianism may beChina’s main political tradition, but what are the keyConfucian values that have the potential to make the world a better place Like liberals andChristians,Confucians believe that their values ought to have universal reach, butChina hasn’t done a good job exporting its political values beyond theEastAsian region.AsChina becomes a global political power, such questions are likely to become more salient.
Confucianism
TheConfucian tradition is diverse and contested, butConfucians today typically defend two key values: political meritocracy and harmony. The value of political meritocracy is not hard to explain.Everybody should have the same opportunity to be educated so as to participate in politics, but not everybody will emerge from this process with the equal ability to make morally informed decisions. Hence, an important task of the political system is to select those with above average ability.
TheChineseCommunist Party, whatever the Marxist rhetoric, is becoming a more meritocratic organization. Top students are encouraged to join and the overall educational level of cadres is rapidly rising. To the extent that the party has successfully carried out economic modernization over the last three decades or so, much of the credit should go to cadres selected on merit—similar to other successfulEastAsian countries with aConfucian heritage.
So far, however,China’s attempt to export political meritocracy to developing countries has been relatively ad hoC、Hence, there is a need for a government funded organization—let’s call it the NationalEndowment for Meritocracy—that would fund experiments with political meritocracy in other countries. Western powers may not be interested, but there will be takers inAfrica and elsewhere. Such programs could help to improve governance in recipient countries and would earn their gratitude.
The value of harmony is perhaps best promoted via NGOs, because official support is likely to arouse political suspicion. Hence, one might imagine an NGO—let’s call it Harmony House—that relies on rigorous empirical methods to determine the extent of harmony in the worlD、Countries could be ranked according to a "Social Harmony Index" that measures rates of crime, incarceration, divorce and gaps between the rich and the poor.Countries that do well on the index could set a model for other countries.
It is time forChina to engage in the global dialogue about political values on its own terms. Rather than, say, wasting time and money on research reports measuring the extent of human rights violations in the United States,China can do more good by promoting the political values that inspireChinese people and can help to make the world a better place if they are taken more seriously abroaD、
This is not to deny that freedom, democracy and human rights have a place inChina’s future.But indigen