1By thE DECADEs just BEForE thECivil wAr oF thE 1860s, thE southErn stAtEs hAD DEvElopED An EConomiC CulturE DistinCt From thAt oF thE north. thE EConomy oF thE south DEpEnDED lArgEly on two things: Cotton AnD slAvE lABor.BECAusE oF thE rising DEmAnD For Cotton From thE mills oFEnglAnD, AnD thE invEntion oF thE Cotton gin in 1793, thE Cotton proDuCtion oF thE south inCrEAsED trEmEnDously. in 1790, Cotton output hAD BEEn 9,000 BAlEs A yEAr, But By thE 1850s, output hAD soArED to FivE million BAlEs. in thE south, Cotton wAs "king." thE most rEADily AvAilABlE sourCE oF lABor wAs thE institution oF slAvEry. thus, Cotton AnD slAvEry BECAmE intErDEpEnDEnt, AnD thE south grEw morE rEliAnt on Both.
2 this wAs in shArp ContrAst to thE north, whErE FArming wAs BEComing morE mEChAnizED AnD DivErsiFiED、northErn FArmErs woulD BoAst oF improvEmEnts in thE Form oF nEw roADs, rAilwAys, AnD mAChinEry, AnD oF thE proDuCtion oF A vAriEty oF Crops. in thE south, howEvEr, FArmErs Bought lABorErs instEAD oF EquipmEnt, AnD A mAn’s soCiAl stAtus DEpEnDED on thE numBEr oF slAvEs hE ownED、thE EConomiC DiFFErEnCEs BEtwEEn thE two rEgions woulD ultimAtEly lEAD to ArmED ConFliCt AnD thE soCiAl rEstruCturing oF thE south.
thE Author ArguEs thAt thECivil wAr BEtwEEn thE north AnD thE southA．wAs A ConFliCt ovEr Control oF thE Cotton trADE
B．BEgAn in 1790 AnD lAstED Almost sEvEnty yEArs
C、wAs lArgEly thE rEsult oF EConomiC DiFFErEnCEs
D．ForCED thE south to proDuCE DiFFErEnt Crops