【单选题】

A、survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, that providesinformation concerning how people think and act. In the United States, the best-knownsurveys are the Gallup poll and the Harris poll.As anyone who watches the news during Line campaigns presidential knows, these polls have become an important part of political life in(5) the United States.NorthAmericans are familiar with the many "person on the street interviews on localtelevision news shows. While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are notnecessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of onlythose people who appear at a certain location. Thus, such samples can be biased in favor(10)of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending On which area thenewspeople select. Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who arewilling to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel intimidated bya camer

A、

A、survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinelyreflect a broad range of the population.(15)In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the wordingof questions.An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people tounderstand it. It must also be specific enough so that there are no problems in interpretingthe results.Even questions that are less structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicitthe type of information desireD、Surveys can be indispensable sources of information, but(20)only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are worded accurately.There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire.Each of theseforms of survey research has its advantages.An interviewer can obtain a high response ratebecause people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview thanto throw away a written questionnaire. In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written(25)questions and probe for a subject’’s underlying feelings and reasons. However, questionnaireshave the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent.The word "probe" in line 25 is closest in meaning to

A、explore

B．influence

C．analyze

D．apply