特岗教师考试

【单选题】提出“教育即生活”“在做中学”的教育家是
A．夸美纽斯
B．赫尔巴特
C．杜威
D．凯洛夫

【单选题】托尔普指出:“在教育目的的决定方面,个人不具有任何价值,个人不过是教育的原料,个人不可能成为教育的目的。”托尔普这种教育目的论属于（  ）
A.个人本位论
B.集体本位论
C.个人和社会双本位论
D.社会本位论

【单选题】一般而言，把学习成败归因于以下哪一因素对学习动机的激励作用最大(　　)
A．努力程度
B．能力高低
C．任务难度
D．运气好坏

【分析解答题】C
most pEoplE FEEl lonEly somEtimEs, But it usuAlly only lAsts BEtwEEn A FEw minutEs AnD A FEw hours. this kinD oF lonElinEss is not sErious. in FACt, it is quitE normAl. For somE pEoplE, though, lonElinEss CAn lAst For yEArs. psyChologists ArE stuDying this phEnomEnon in An AttEmpt to BEttEr unDErstAnD long-tErm lonElinEss. thEsE rEsEArChErs hAvE AlrEADy iDEntiFiED thrEE DiFFErEnt typEs oF lonElinEss.
thE First kinD oF lonElinEss is tEmporAry. this is thE most Common typE. it usuAlly DisAppEArs quiCkly AnD DoEs not rEquirE Any spECiAl AttEntion. thE sEConD kinD, situAtionAl lonElinEss, is A nAturAl rEsult. For ExAmplE, thE DEAth oF A lovED onE, or moving to A nEw plACE. Although this kinD oF lonElinEss CAn CAusE physiCAl proBlEms, suCh As hEADAChEs AnD slEEplEssnEss, it usuAlly DoEs not lAst For morE thAn A yEAr. situAtionAl lonElinEss is EAsy to unDErstAnD AnD to prEDiCt.
thE thirD kinD oF lonElinEss is thE most sEvErE. unlikE thE sEConD typE, ChroniC lonElinEss usuAlly lAsts morE thAn two yEArs AnD hAs no spECiFiC CAusE. pEoplE who ExpEriEnCE hABituAl lonEli-nEss hAvE proBlEms soCiAlizing. unFortunAtEly, mAny ChroniCAlly lonEly pEoplE think thErE is littlE or nothing thEy CAn Do to improvE thEir ConDition.
mAny rEsEArChErs AgrEE thAt thE lonEliEst pEoplE ArE BEtwEEn thE AgEs 18 AnD 25, so A group oF psyChologists DECiDED to stuDy A group oF CollEgE stuDEnts. thEy FounD thAt morE thAn 50% oF thE stuDEnts wErE situAtionAl lonEly At thE BEginning oF thE tErm As A rEsult oF thEir nEw CirCumstAnCEs, But hAD ADjustED AFtEr A FEw months. thirtEEn pErCEnt wErE still lonEly AFtEr sEvEn months DuE to shynEss AnD FEAr. thEy FElt vEry unComFortABlE mEEting strAngErs, EvEn though thEy unDErstooD thAt thEir FEAr wAs not rEAsonABlE. thE situAtionAl lonEly stuDEnts ovErCAmE thEir lonElinEss By mAking nEw FriEnDs, But thE ChroniCAlly lonEly rEmAinED unhAppy BECAusE thEy wErE AFrAiD to Do so.
psyChologists ArE trying to FinD wAys to hElp hABituAlly lonEly pEoplE For two rEAsons. First oF All, thEy ArE unhAppy AnD unABlE to soCiAlizE. sEConDly, rEsEArChErs hAvE FounD A ConnECtion BE-twEEn ChroniC lonElinEss AnD sErious illnEss suCh As hEArt DisEAsE. whilE tEmporAry AnD situAtionAl lonElinEss CAn BE A normAl, hEAlthy pArt oF liFE, ChroniC lonElinEss CAn BE A vEry sAD, AnD somE-timEs DAngErous ConDition.
42[单选题] whAt DoEs thE pAssAgE mAinly tAlk ABout? 查看材料
A.lonElinEss AnD illnEssEs.
B.thrEE kinDs oF lonElinEss.
C.lonElinEss AnD shynEss.
D.thrEE CAusEs oF lonElinEss.
43[单选题] All thE Following ArE truE ExCEpt thAt 查看材料
A.37% oF thE stuDEnts CAn ovErComE lonElinEss EAsily
B.tEmporAry lonElinEss DoEs not nEED spECiAl AttEntion
C.ChroniC lonElinEss CAn CAusE proBlEms in soCiAlizing
D.situAtionAl lonElinEss CAn CAusE physiCAl proBlEm
44[单选题] whAt DoEs thE unDErlinED worD "ChroniC" in pArAgrAph 3 mEAn? 查看材料
A.tErriBlE
B.DEADly
C.ContinuAl
D.orDinAry
45[单选题] why Do psyChologists wAnt to hElp thE hABituAlly lonEly pEoplE? 查看材料
A.to improvE thEir living ConDitions.
B.to mAkE nEw psyChologiCAl DisCovEriEs.
C.to trEAt hEArt DisEAsE morE EFFECtivEly.
D.to solvE thEir mEntAl AnD physiCAl proBlEms.

【单选题】小静每逢重要考试就会出现紧张焦虑的情绪，有时还会吃不香，睡不着。针对小静的情况，以下哪种方法可以帮助她?（　　）
A.强调焦虑的负面作用
B.强调考试的重要性
C.告知家长学生问题
D.指导放松技术

【单选题】《教育法》规定:国家适应社会主义市场经济发展和社会进步的需要,推进教育改革,推动各级各类教育协调发展、衔接融通,完善现代国民教育体系，健全终身教育体系,提高教育现代化水平。这反映了教育法的: （  ）
A.保障性原则
B.公共性原则
C.终身教育原则
D.坚持社会主义方向的原则

【单选题】德国心理学家和教育学家（　　）在1806年出版了《普通教育学》，这是最早尝试把心理学与教育相结合的一本书。
A.裴斯泰洛奇
B.赫尔巴特
C.乌申斯基
D.桑代克

【分析解答题】班主任工作反思 

【多选题】 有人说：“教科书是经过专家精心设计、国家审定的，教师的任务就是把教科书中规定的内容原原本本，毫无保留地‘灌输’给学生。”你认为教师应怎样使用好教科书?（　　）
A.认真研究课程标准，以教科书为范例，认真钻研，熟练掌握教科书
B.以教科书为范例，参阅教学参考资料，根据实际调整教学内容
C.要求学生必须严格按照教科书的要求复习并完成作业
D.抓好双基，引导学生生动活泼地完成教学任务