职称英语考试

试题来源：2015年职称英语《综合类A级》热身模拟试题(2)
    Winners and Losers
    Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet bloc (集团)" and sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long trading tradition, lately reinvigorated (给以新的活力 ) by the Chinese adoption of market economics. The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years. In Africa, some countries are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrastructure (基础结构); many countries have little to trade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years.
In some regions, certain countries have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from International Monetary Fund. First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s tried to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, and all adequate method for collecting taxes. Encouraged by the IMF the World Bank and the U. S. Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsin (叶利钦) 's regime privatized the state-owned industrial sector, creating a class of oligarchs ( 寡头政治集团成员 ), who, knowing how unstable conditions were at home. sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home.
    In contrast, China, the biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the IMF formul
    A. Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by iguodng IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than they collected in taxes. Botswana and Uganda are also success stories: despite their disadvantages, their countries achieved vigorous growth by creating stable civil societies, liberalizing trade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions.

16 
Japan has a long trading tradition.

A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned

17

Russia was wrongly guided by the IMF.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned

18
Russia was a capitalist country in the early of 1990s.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned

19
Many high officials in Russia have much benefited from privatization.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned

20
Australia is one of the biggest winners from globalization.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned

21

China did not take IMF advice.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned

22
All African countries followed the IMF formul
A.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned

试题出处：http://www.examtiku.com/shiti/6966327100.html
网考网参考答案：A、A、B、C、C、A、B
网考网解析：进入考试题库查看解析
大数据分析：根据网考网与考试题库的统计，该试题：
12%的考友选择了A选项
75%的考友选择了B选项
13%的考友选择了C选项
考友解析与评论：
 · 同样的题比原先难了
 · 这个答案是有歧义
 · 到底谁的答案是对的呀？