职称英语考试

试题来源：职称英语模拟题-综合类-阅读理解

Diseases of Agricultural Plants

Plants, like animals, are subject to diseasesof various kinds. It has been estimated that some 30,000 different diseasesattack out economic plants: forty are known to attack corn, and about as manyattack wheat. The results of unchecked plant disease are all too obvious incountries which have marginal food supplies. The problem will soon be morewidespread as the population of the world increases at its frightening rate.Even in countries which are now amply fed by their agricultural products therecould soon be critical food shortages. It is easy to imagine the consequencesof some disastrous attack on one of the major crops; the resulting faminescould kill millions of people, and the resulting hardship on other millionscould cause political upheavals disastrous to the order of the world.

Some plants have relative immunity to a greatmany diseases, while others have a susceptibility to them. The tolerance of aparticular plant changes as the growing conditions change. A blight may be buta local infection easily controlled, on the other hand it can attack particularplants in a whole region or nation. An example is the blight which killedvirtually every. chestnut tree in North American. Another is the famous potatoblight in Ireland in the last century. As a result of that, it was estimatedthat one million people died of starvation and related aliments.

Plant pathologists have made remarkable stridesin identifying the pathogens of the various diseases. Bacteria may invade aplant through an infestation of insect parasites carrying the pathogen. A plantcan also be inoculated by man. Other diseases might be caused by fungus whichattacks the plant in the form of a mold or smut or rust. Frequently such aprimary infection will weaken the plant so that a secondary infection mayresult from its lack of tolerance. The symptoms shown may cause an error indiagnosis, so that treatment may be directed toward bacteria which could be theresult of a susceptibility caused by a primary virus infection.

1. How many diseases are known to attack wheat?

A) Around 30,000

B) Around 140

C) Around 29,960

D) Around 40

2. According to this passage, which of thefollowing would a plant disease result in if left unchecked?

A) A world war.

B) Border conflicts.

C) Rations of grain and meat.

D) Social upheavals.

3. What is the main idea of the secondparagraph?

A) Some plants have relative immunity to agreat many diseases, while others have a

susceptibility to them.

B) The tolerance of a particular plant changesas the growing condition change.

C) A blight killed virtually every chestnuttree in North American.

D) A blight may be a national infection.

4. According to the passage, some plantdiseases can be prevented by

A) killing parasites.

B) inoculation

C) Killing insects

D) improving growing conditions

5. Which of the following statements is nottrue?

A) Some plant diseases may be caused bybacteria.

B) Some plant diseases may be caused bypathogens.

C) Some plant diseases may be caused by fungus.

D) Symptoms are always helpful in identifyingdiseases.

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网考网参考答案：D、D、A、B、D
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大数据分析：根据网考网与考试题库的统计分析，该试题：
23%的考友选择了A选项
29%的考友选择了B选项
16%的考友选择了C选项
32%的考友选择了D选项
考友解析与评论：
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