| 职称英语考试理工类每日一练（2015-10-27） |
| 第1、2、3、4、5、6、7题： The Need to Remember Some people say they have no memory at all："I just can't remember a thing!" But of course we all have a memory．0ur memory tells us who we are．Our memory helps us to make use in the present of what we have learnt in the past. In fact we have different types of memory．For example, our visual memory helps us recall facts and places. Some people have such a strong visual memory, they can remember exactly what they have seen，for example, pages of a book，as a complete picture． Our verbal（言语的）memory helps us remember words and figures we may have heard but not seen or written: items of a shopping list, a chemical formula，dates，or a recipe． With our emotional（情感的）memory，we recall situations or places where we had strong feelings, perhaps of happiness or unhappiness．We also have special memories for smell，taste，touch and sound，and for performing physical movements． We have two ways of storing any of these memories：Our short-term memory stores items for up to thirty seconds-enough to remember a telephone number while we dial．Our long-term memory, on the other hand, may store items for a lifetime．Older people in fact have a much better-long-term memory than short-term．They may forget what they have done only a few hours ago, but have the clearest remembrance（记忆）of when they were very young． Psychologists tell us that we only remember few facts about our past, and that we invent the rest．It is as though we remember only the outline of a story. We then make up the details. We often do this in the way we want to remember them, usually so that we appear as the heroes of our own past-or maybe victims needing sympathy（同情）． 16 Visual memory helps us recall a place we have been to． A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 17 Visual memory may be used when we read a story． A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 18 Verbal memory helps us read words we have never heard． A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 19 Emotional memory is used when we perform physical movements． A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20 Animals do not have a long-term memory． A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21 Long-term memory is more important than short-term memory． A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22 Generally we remember only a few facts about the past． A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned |
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| 第8题： Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed. A physical B mental C natural D hard |
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| 第9题：His stomach felt hollow with fear . A.sincere B.respectful C.empty D.terrible |
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| 第10题：I gather that you disagree. A.guess B.assemble C.think D.collect |
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| 第11题：They have made up his mind to give up smoking. A.tried B.attempted C.agreed D.decided |
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| 第12、13、14、15、16题： 第三篇 Controlling Robots with the Mind Belle， our tiny monkey， was seated in her special chair inside a chamber at our Duke University lab. Her right hand grasped a joystick （操纵杆） as she watched a horizontal series of lights on a display panel. She knew that if a light suddenly shone and she moved the joystick left or right to correspond to its position， she would be sent a drop of fruit juice into her mouth. Belle wore a cap glued to her head. Under it were four plastic connectors， which fed arrays of microwires-each wire finer than the finest sewing thread- into different regions of Belle’s motor cortex （脑皮层）， tile brain tissue that plans movements and sends instructions. Each of the 100 microwires lay beside a single motor neuron （神经元）。 When a neuron produced an electrical discharge， the adjacent microwire would capture the current and send it up through a small wiring bundle that ran from Belle’s cap to a box of electronics on a table next to the booth. The box， in turn， was linked to two computers， one next door and the other half a country away. After months of hard work， we were about to test the idea that we could reliably translate the raw electrical activity in a living being’s brain-Belle’s mere thoughts-into signals that could direct the actions of a robot. We had assembled a multijointed robot arm in this room， away from Belle’s view， which she would control for the first time. As soon as Belle’s brain sensed a lit spot on the panel， electronics in the box running two real-time mathematical models would rapidly analyze the tiny action potentials produced by her brain cells. Our lab computer would convert the electrical patterns into instructions that would direct the robot arm. Six hundred miles north， in Cambridge， Mass， a different computer would produce the same actions in another robot arm built by Mandayam A Srinivasan. If we had done everything correctly， the two robot arms would behave as Belle’s arm did， at exactly the same time. Finally the moment came. We randomly switched on lights in front of Belle， and she immediately moved her joystick back and forth to correspond to them. Our robot arm moved similarly to Belle’s real arm. So did Sriniwlsan’s. Belle and the robots moved in synchrony （同步）， like dancers choreographed （设计舞蹈动作） by the electrical impulses sparking in Belle’s mind. In the two years since that day， our labs and several others have advanced neuroscience， computer science and microelectronics to create ways for rats， monkeys and eventually humans to control mechanical and electronic machines purely by “thinking through，” or imagining， the motions. Our immediate goal is to help a person who has been unable to move by a neurological （神经的） disorder or spinal cord （脊髓） injury， but whose motor codex is spared， to operate a wheelchair or a robotic limb. 41 Belle would be fed some fruit juice if she A.grasped the joystick. B.moved the joystick to the side of the light. C.sat quietly in a special chair. D.watched lights on a display panel. 42 The wires fixed under Belle’s cap were connected to A.a plastic box next door. B.a computer at Cambridge University， C.a box of electronics in the booth. D.a box which， in turn， was linked to two computers 43 Which of the following is NOT true of the robot built by Srinivasan？ A.It was directed by signals converted from the electrical activity in Belle’s brain B.It converted the electrical patterns into instructions for the other robot. C.It was six hundred miles away from where Belle was. D.It could perform the same function as Belle did. 44 Which of the following statements indicates the success of the experiment？ A.Belle responded to the robots successfully. B.Belle and the robots danced beautifully. C.Belle and the robots responded to the lights at the same time. D.The two robots moved the joysticks successively. 45 The short-term goal of the research is to help a person A.whose motor cortex is seriously damaged. B.who can operate a wheelchair but not a robotic limb. C.who has spinal cord injury but is able to move a wheelchair. D.who is unable to move but whose motor cortex is not damaged |
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| 第17题：The index is the government's chief gauge of future economic activity A．measure B．opinion C．method D．decision |
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| 第18题： The two girls look alike． A．beautiful B．similar C．pretty D．attractive |
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| 第19题： The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses. A relative B general C continuous D sharp |
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| 第20题： He talks tough but has a tender heart. A heavy B strong C kind D wild |
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