| 职称英语考试卫生类每日一练（2015-10-27） |
| 第1题： I'm working with a guy from London. A teacher B student C friend D man |
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| 第2题： John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article A cooperating B competing C combining D arguing |
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| 第3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10题： Organic Food: Why? 1 Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world, expanding by 25 percent a year over the past 10 years. So what is the attraction of organic food for some people? The really important thing is that organic sounds more “natural” Eating organic is a way of defining oneself as natural, good, caring, different from the junk-food-eating masses. 2 Unlike conventional farming, the organic approach means farming with natural, rather than man-made, fertilisers and pesticides. Techniques such as crop rotation (轮种) improve soil quality and help organic farmers compensate for the absence of man-made chemicals. As a method of food production, organic is, however, inefficient in its use of labour and land; there are severe limits to how much food can be produced. Also, the environmental benefits of not using artificial fertilisers are tiny compared with the amount of carbon dioxide emitted (排放) by transporting food. 3 Organic farming is often claimed to be safer than conventional farming. Yet studies into organic farming worldwide continue to reject this claim. An extensive review by the UK Food Standards Agency found that there was no statistically significant difference between organic and conventional crops. Even where results indicated there was evidence of a difference, the reviewers found no sign that these differences would have any noticeable effect on health. 4 The simplistic claim that organic food is more nutritious than conventional food was always likely to be misleading. Food is a natural product, and the health value of different foods will vary for a number of reasons, including freshness, the way the food is cooked, the type of soil it is grown in. the amount of sunlight and rain crops have received, and so on. Likewise, the flavour of a carrot has less to do with whether it was fertilised with manure (粪便) or something out of a plastic sack than with the variety of carrot and how long ago it was dug up. 5 The notion that organic food is safer than “normal” food is also contradicted by the fact that many of our most common foods are full of natural toxins (毒素). As one research expert says: “People think that the more natural something is, the better it is for them. That is simply not the case. In fact, it is the opposite that is true: the closer a plant is to its natural state, the more likely it is that it will poison you. Naturally, many plants do not want to be eaten, so we have spent 10,000 years developing agriculture and breeding out harmful traits from crops” 23 Paragraph 1________ 24 Paragraph 2________ 25 Paragraph 3________ 26 Paragraph 4________ A Main reason for the popularity of organic food B Description of organic farming C Factors that affect food health value D Testing the taste of organic food E Necessity to remove hidden dangers from food F Research into whether organic food is better 27 Techniques of organic farming help ___. 28 There is no convincing evidence to ___. 29 The weather conditions during the growth of crops ___. 30 The closer a plant is to its natural state, the less suitable it is to ___. A. show that organic crops are safer than conventional ones B be specially trained C improve soil quality D poison you E be eaten F affect their nutritional content |
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| 第11题： She only needs a minute amount of money. A．certain B．fair C．full D．small |
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| 第12题： With immense relief, I stopped running. A、 some B、enormous C、little D、extensive |
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| 第13、14、15、16、17题： Characteristics of Publicity Publicity offers several benefits. There arenot costs for message time or space. An ad in prime-time television may cost$250,000 to $5000,000 or more per minute, whereas a five-minute report on anetwork newscast would not cost anything. However, there are costs for newsreleases, a publicity department, and other items. As with advertising,publicity reaches a mass audience. Within a short time, new products or companypolicies are widely known. Credibility about messages is high, becausethey are reported in independent media. A newspaper review of a movie has morebelievability than an ad in the same paper, because the reader associatesindependence with objectivity. Similarly, people are more likely to payattention to news reports than to ads. For example, Women's Wear Daily has bothfashion reports and advertisements. Readers spend time reading the stories, butthey flip through the ads. Furthermore, there may be 10 commercials during ahalf-hour television program or hundreds of ads in a magazine. Feature storiesare much fewer in number and stand out clearly. Publicity also has some significantlimitations. A firm has little control over messages, their timing, theirplacement, or their coverage by a given medium. It may issue detailed newsreleases and find only portions cited by the media, and media have the abilityto be much more critical than a company would like. For example, in 1982, Procter & Gamblefaced a substantial publicity problem over the meaning of its 123-year-oldcompany logo. A few ministers and other private citizens believed resulted inthe firm receiving 15,000 phone calls about the rumor in June alone. To combatthis negative publicity, the firm issued news releases featuring prominentclergy that refuted the rumors, threatened to sue those people spreading thestories, and had a spokesperson appear on Good Morning America. The mediacooperated with the company and the false rumors were temporarily put to rest.However, in 1985, negative publicity became so disruptive that Procter &Gamble decided to remove the logo from its-products. A firm may want publicity during certainperiods, such as when a new product is introduced or new store opened, but themedia may not cover the introduction or opening until after the time it wouldaid the firm. Similarly, media determine the placement of a story; it mayfollow a report on crime or sports. Finally, the media ascertain whether tocover a story at all and the amount of coverage to be devoted to it. Acompany-sponsored fobs program might go unreported or receive three-sentencecoverage in a local newspaper. 练习： 1. The author mentions all of the followingadvantages of publicity except A) Having no time costs. B) Having attentiveness. C) Having high credibility. D) Having high profitability. 2. the second paragraph indicates that peopleare more likely to believe stories A) in a newspaper than in a women's daily. B) In a newspaper than in a magazine. C) In an independent newspaper than in adependent newspaper. D) In a magazine than in a local newspaper. 3. According to the passage, which of thefollowing statements is true? A) A firm can control and time publicityaccurately. B) A firm can neither control nor timepublicity accurately. C) A firm can either control or time publicityaccurately. D) In most cases a firm can control and timepublicity accurately. 4. The example in Paragraph 4 is intended todemonstrate A) the power of publicity. B) the victim of publicity. C) the terrible effect of rumors. D) the vulnerability of people to publicity. 5. The passage implies that A) the placement of a story is not quiteimportant. B) the report of a crime may not be true. C) local newspapers are not interested incompany-sponsored programs. D) publicity is not always necessary. |
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| 第18题： She always finds fault with everything. A criticizes B simplifies C evaluates D examines |
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| 第19题：These are their motives for doing it. A.reasons B.excuses C.answers D.plans |
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| 第20、21、22、23、24题： A Bad Idea Think you can walk， drive， take phone calls， e-mail and listen to music at the same time？ Well， New York's new law says you can't. （46） The law went into force last month， following research and a shocking number of accidents that involved people using electronic gadgets （小巧机械） when crossing the street. Who's to blame？ （47） “We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can，” says Rene Marois， a neuroscientist （神经科学家） in Tennessee. “But a core limitation is the inability to concentrate on two things at once.” The young people are often considered the great multi-taskers. （48）， A group of 18- to 21-year-olds and a group of 35- to 39-year-olds were given 90 seconds to translate images into numbers， using a simple code. （49） But when both groups were interrupted by a phone call or an instant message， the older group matched the younger group in speed and accuracy. It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multitaskers. But it is probably a lot. Jonathan Spira， chief analyst at Basex， a business-research firm， estimates the cost of interruptions to the American economy at nearly $650 billion a year. （50）The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers' time was spent on interruptions and recovery time before they returned to their main tasks. A Talking on a cell phone while driving brings you joy anyway B The estimate is based on surveys with office workers C The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted D However， an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question. E Scientists say that our multitasking （多任务处理） abilities are limited F And you'll be fined $100 if you do so on a New York City street. |
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| 第25题： I hope that l didn’t do anything absurd last night. A、awkward B、strange C、stupid D、awful |
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