| 职称英语考试卫生类每日一练（2015-10-30） |
| 第1、2、3、4、5题： 第一篇 U. S. Life Expectancy Hite New High Life expectancy rates in the United States are al an all—time high, with people born in 2005 projected to live for nearly 78 years, a new federal study finds. The finding reflects a continuing trend of increasing life expectancy that began in l955, when the average American lived to be 69.6 years old. By l995, lire expectancy was 75.8 years and by 2006, it had risen to 77. 9 years, according to the report released Wednesday. "This is good news," said report co-author Donna Hoyert, a health scientist at the national Center for Health Statistics. “It's even better news that it is a continuation of trends, so it is a long period of continuing improvement." Despite the upward trend, the United States still has lower lire expectancy than some 40 other countries, according to the U. S. Census （人口普查） Bureau. The country with the longest lire expectancy is Andorra at 83.5 years, followed by Japan, Macau, San Marino and Singapore. Much of the increase owes to declining death rates from the three leading causes of death in the country-heart disease, cancer and stroke. In addition, in 2005, the U. S. death rate dropped to an all-time low of less than 800 deaths per l00, 000. Dr. David Katz, director of the Prevention Research Center at Yale University School Medicine. Said, "News that lire expectancy is increasing is, of course, good. But the evidence we have suggests that there is more chronic disease than ever in the U. S." Adding years to life is a good thing, Katz said. "But adding vital life to years is at least equally important. If we care about living well, and not just longer, we still have our work cut out for us." he said. 31 Since l 955, lire expectancy rates in the U. S. have A moved up and down. B been declining. C remained steady. D been on the rise. 32 Compared with the country with the longest lire expectancy, the U. S. is A nearly 3 years behind. B nearly 4 years behind. C nearly 6 years behind. D nearly 8 years behind. 33 The increase In the U. S. lire expectancy is mostly due to A declining death rates from heart disease, cancer and stroke. B increasing lire expectancy rates in some other countries. C a rise in the rate of chronic disease. D a declining birth rate. 34 Which of the following statements is NOT true? A The U. S. 1ife expectancy is at an all—time high. B The U. S. death rate was at an all-time low in 2005. C Chronic disease appears to be at an all-time high in the U. S. D The annual death rate in the U. S. is over 800 deaths per l00, 000. 35 The expression "adding vital to years" in the last paragraph means A living longer B living well. C living longer and well D living at any cost. |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13题： Music Used As Healing Therapy 1 Music has long been used to treat patients suffering from different problems. In 400 BC, its healing properties were documented by the ancient Greeks. More recently, in both world wars in the last century, medical workers used music therapy (疗法）with people suffering from trauma (外伤).Currently, it is used as a treatment for many diseases, such as cancer, and it has also been used with patients with long-term pain and learning disabilities. 2 There is growing evidence that music can cause physical changes to the body which can improve our health. In the Welcome Trust study, which took place over three years at the Chelsea and Westminster hospital in London, patients were asked to listen to musical performances. As a result, it was found that stress levels were significantly reduced, recovery times were improved, and fewer drugs were needed. 3 These very positive results are partly due to general well-being （良好的健康状况). It is already accepted that when people feel happy and have a positive approach to life, they are more likely to feel better and recover from disease quickly. Music increases this feeling of joy and adds to the recovery process. 4 However, not all these benefits can be attributed to an increase in general well-being. Music has other effects which have not yet been understood. According to Professor Robertson, a scientist and musician, some effects of music are mysterious and are, therefore, being investigated further, it has been suggested that the sounds and rhythms of music help stimulate the brain and send electrical messages to the muscles. 5 Science, however, demands facts and hard evidence. Many in the medical profession have not yet recognized the healing benefits of music, since reports have been based mainly on various stories of evidence. These new studies could provide proof to doctors that music is a suitable treatment for many conditions. One day doctors may even "prescribe"(开处方）music, but that could be a long time in the future. A. Potential dangers of music therapy B. Increase in general well-being C. History of music therapy D. Other mysterious effects of music E. Positive physical changes caused by music F. Music and your body 23. Paragraph 1________ 24. Paragraph 2________ 25. Paragraph 3 ________ 26. Paragraph 4 ________ 27. Researchers have found that patients' stress levels decrease when they_______ 28. Music can treat patients partly because________ 29. Those who always look on the bright side of life are more likely to________ 30. Many doctors don't believe that music can treat diseases because________ A. recover from disease quickly B. there is not enough hard evidence C. use their minds actively D. it improves general well-being E. listen to musical performances F. it brings many other benefits |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第14题：The worst agonies of the war were now beginning. A. parts B. aspects C. results D. pains |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第15、16、17、18、19题： Martin Luther King Jr. By the time the Montgomery ImprovementAssociation chose the 26-year-old Martin Luther King Jr. as its leader, thehours-old bus boycott by the black citizens of Montgomery, Alabama, was alreadyan overwhelming success. King would later write that his unanticipated call toleadership "happened so quickly that I did not have time to think inthrough." "It is probable that if I had, I would have declined thenomination." Although press reports at the time focused onhis inspiring oratory, King was actually a reluctant leader of a movementinitiated by others.(The boycott began on Dec. 5 1955.) His subsequent writingsand private correspondence reveal man whose inner doubts sharply contrast withhis public persona. In the early days of his involvement, King was troubled bytelephone threats, discord within the black community and Montgomery's"get tough" policy, to which king attributed his jailing on a minortraffic violation. One night, as he considered ways to "move out of thepicture without appearing a coward," he began to pray aloud and, at thatmoment, "experienced the presence of the God as I had never experiencedHim before." He would later admit that when the boycottbegan, he was not yet firmly committed to Gandhian principles. Although he hadbeen exposed to those teachings in college, he had remained skeptical. "Ithought the only way we could solve our problem of segregation was an armedrevolt," he recalled. "I felt that the Christian ethic of love wasconfined to individual relationships." Only after his home was bombed in late Januarydid king reconsider his views on violence. (At the time, he was seeking a gunpermit and was protected by armed bodyguards.) Competing with each other toinfluence King were two ardent pacifists: Bayard Rustin, a black activist withthe War Resisters League, and the Rev. Glenn E. Smiley, a white staff member ofthe Fellowship of Reconciliation. Rustin was shocked to discover a gun inKing's house, while Smiley informed fellow pacifists that King's home was "anarsenal." 1. What did King think of his nomination asleader of the Montgomery Boycott? A) He hadn't expected it. B) He had to think about it carefully. C) He would refuse to accept it. D) He was prepared to accept it. 2. Why was King unwilling to lead the movementat first? A) Because he doubted if the boycott would besuccessful. B) Because he was troubled with a trafficaccident at that time. C) Because he thought he was too young to be aleader. D) Because he himself didn't start the boycott. 3. Which of the following is Not mentioned assomething that happened at the beginning of the black people's movement? A) King was put into prison. B) Black people disagreed with each other. C) King's armed revolt proposal was turned down. D) Black people found it hard to accept thepolicy pursued in Montgomery. 4. Which of the following was the immediatecause that made King change his view on violence? A) The education he received in college. B) The attack of his home. C) The influence of two active non-violenceadvocates. D) The verdict of the Supreme Court. 5. In Paragraph 4, the last sentence"King's home was 'an arsenal'" means A) King's home was a place where people gottogether. B) King's home was a place where people testedbombs. C) King's home was a place where weapons werestored. D) King's home was a place where bombsexploded. |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第20、21、22、23、24题： Do you have difficulty reading in class?If so,a special reading program that helps match sounds with letters could speed up your brain. At least one out of every five elementary school students in the US has trouble learning to read，even when the students are good at other subjects.____(46) Researchers from Yale University,US,studied a group of children from New York and Connecticut State.As part of the study，37 struggling readers received special tutoring Every day,instructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes(音素)____(47) By the end of the school year，these children could read faster than before.They also made fewer mistakes，and understood more of what they read than they could earlier in the year, As part of their study，the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the students’brains.___(48)This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers read.This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognize familiar written words quickly.In lower level readers，this structure remains inactive. A year later,the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gone through the special tutoring，and they continued to do well in reading tests.___(49) However，some researchers still doubt the study_____(50) A Many adults are interested in matching sounds with letters B The students also practiced reading aloud and spelling C The biggest challenge for many of these kids，scientists say,is matching sounds with letters. D Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program didn’t show the same progress. E The pictures showed all increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side F They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39题： The Great Newspaper War Up until about 100 years ago, newspapers in the United States appealed only to the most serious readers. They used no illustrations and the articles were__________(51)politics or business. Two men_________(52) that –Joseph Pulitzer of the New York World and William Randolph Hearst of the New York Morning Journal. Pulitzer_________(53) the New York World in 1883. he changed it form a traditional newspaper into a very_________(54) one overnight(一夜之间). He__________(55) lots of illustrations and cartoons. And he told his reporters to write articles on__________(56) crime or scandal they could find. And they did. One of them even pretended she was crazy and then she was__________(57) to a mental hospital. She them wrote a series of articles about the poor_________(58)of patients in those hospitals. In 1895, Hearst___________(59) to New York from California. He wanted the New York Morning Journal to be more sensational(轰动的) and more exciting_____________(60) the New York World. He also wanted it to be cheaper, so he_______________(61) the price by a penny. Hearst attracted attention because his headlines were bigger than_________(62). He often said, “Big print makes big news.” Pulitzer and Hearst did anything they_____________(63) to sell newspapers. For example, Hearst sent Frederic Remington, the famous illustrator(插图画家), to_____________(64) pictures of the Spanish-American War. When he got there, he told Hearst that no fighting was___________(65). Hearst answered, “You furnish (提供) the pictures. I’ll furnish the war.” 51. A about B in C with D of 52 A accepted B developed C started D changed 53 A published B bought C issued D printed 54 A boring B practical C exciting D natural 55 A cancelled B approved C solved D added 56 A every B all C both D many 57 A invited B admitted C accepted D called 58 A treatment B reputation C work D results 59 A arrived B reached C changed D came 60 A than B as C in D for 61 A increased B reduced C fixed D offered 62 A anyone B anyone’s C anyone else D anyone else’s 63 A may B might C must D could 64 A get B keep C draw D make 65 A going B lasting C going on D taking on |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第40题：.Her behavior is extremely childish. A．simple B．immature C．beautiful D．pretty |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49、50、51、52、53、54、55题： Cia Andina do Triconos (CATSA), a Bolivian joint venture of the U.S. Dresser Industries and local investors, which and based its investment _____(1)_____ an allocation under the metalworking program, closed its doors after _____(2)____ to penetrate the Andean market after more than two years in operation. The prospect of _____(3)_____ access to the Andean market, plus protection provided by a 55 percent "ad valorem" common outer tariff on bits sourced from outside the bloc, made the sales outlook seem _____(4)_____. However, CATSA's "monopoly" position in Ancom proved specious. _____(5)_____ the plant went on stream in 1974, the company was never able to export a single drill bit to the Andean market; and its local sales were _____(6)_____ a state-owned petroleum company. This market was clearly _____(7)_____, since the operation had been based on exporting the bulk of the plant's 200-unit-per-month capacity to the Andean area. CATSA could not penetrate the Ancom market for several reasons: Although Ancom _____(8)_____ a 55-percent common outer tariff on third-country imports, some Ancom countries had previously _____(9)_____ LAFTA (Latin American Free Trade Association) tariff concessions, which take precedence over the Ancom tariffs. Ancom members simply did not _____(10)_____ the spirit of the metalworking agreement. After the installation of the CATSA facility, plants producing tricone bits _____(11)_____ in Peru and Venezuela. Under the metalworking program, participating _____(12)_____ were committed to prohibiting new foreign investment in allocations of other Ancom countries. But on the question of new investment by local industry, the obligation was only not to encourage it, with no requirement to prevent it. _____(13)_____ Venezuela, it has no commitment to limit local production or to honor the outer tariff, because it was not yet a member of Ancom when the metalworking agreement was signed and was thus not a _____(14)_____ to the pact. Also, according to Bolivia, Colombia and Ecuador employed _____(15)_____ obstacles to avoid applying the common outer tariff. The withdrawal of Chile from Ancom cost Bolivia a lucrative potential market too. 1. A) in B) to C) under D) on 2. A) fail B) to fail C) failing D) succeeding 3. A) no duty B) no-duty C) duty-bound D) duty-free 4. A) good B) well C) bad D) badly 5. A) So B) Although C) But D) Therefore 6. A) confined to B) confined in C) expanded to D) exported to 7. A) big enough B) sufficient C) too big D) insufficient 8. A) has got B) got C) has imposed D) has imposed on 9. A) admitted B) admitting C) granting D) granted 10. A) learn B) honor C) take D) give 11. A) are put B) are established C) were set up D) had set up 12. A) member government B) members government C) member governments D) members governments 13. A) In case of B) In the case of C) In case D) On case 14. A) party B) member C) person D) partner 15. A) a series of B) a great deal of C) a large amount of D) a great number |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第56题： Enormous sums of money have been spent on space exploration． A．Much C．Small B．Large D．Fixed |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第57、58、59、60、61题： Know Just How You Feel Do you feel Sad? Happy? Angry? You may think that the way you show these emotions is unique. Well, think again. Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified, according to Mind Reading, a DVD displaying every possible human emotion. It demonstrates 412 distinct ways in which we feel: the first visual dictionary of the human heart. Attempts to classify expressions began in the mid-1800s, when Darwin divided the emotions into six types-anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and enjoyment. ________(46) Every other feeling was thought to derive from Darwin's small group. More complex expression of emotion were probably learned and therefore more specific to each culture. But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide. ________(47) The mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record' of these expressions. The project was conducted by a C ambridge professor as an aid for people with autism (孤独症), who have difficulty both reading and expressing emotions. But it quickly became apparent that it had broader uses. Actors and teachers, for example, need to understand a wide range of expressions. The professor and his research team first had to define an "emotion".________(48) Using this definition, 1,512 emotion terms were identified and discussed. This list was eventually reduced t0 412, from"afraid" to"wanting". Once these emotions were defined and classified, a DVD seemed the clearest and most efficient way to display them. In Mind Reading, each expression is acted out by six different actors in three seconds. _________(49) The explanation for this is simple: we may find it difficult to describe emotions using words, but we instantly recognize one when we see it on someone's face."It was really clear when the actors had got it right, " says Cathy Collis, who directed the DVD. " Although they were given some direction," says Ms Collis, "the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move. _________(50) " For example, when someone feels contempt you can't say for certain that their eyebrows always go down. Someone who has tried to establish such rules is the American, Professor Paul Ekman, who has built a database of how the face moves for every emotion. The face can make 43 distinct muscle movements called"action units". These can be combined into more than 10, 000 visible facial shapes. Ekman has written out a pattem of facial muscular movements to represent each emotion. A. He said that the expression of these feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone, from any culture. B. Any other method of showing all the 412 emotions, such as words, would have been far less effective. C. Research has also been done to find out which areas of the brain read emotional expressions. D. They decided that it was a mental state that could be preceded by "I feel" or "he looks" or "she sounds". E. We thought of trying to describe each emotion, but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this. F. These particular muscles are difficult to control, and few people can do it. |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |
| 【单选题】： |