| 职称英语考试理工类每日一练（2015-11-17） |
| 第1、2、3、4、5题： Looking into the Future Bertrand Russell, a famous philosopher, said in 1944, “The one thing the study of the past teaches us is that the future is never how people imagine it will be.” In 1946, physicists predicted that within twenty years, most of the world’s energy would be supplied by nuclear power. __________ (46) In 1951, a famous surgeon said that he and his colleagues were confident that “by the end of the 1950s, a cure for most if not all cancers will have been found.” In 1954, an American economist predicted Americans would go on getting richer and richer. ___________ (47). In the year 1969, an automation engineer working for Max Factor Cosmetics in Britain said that “within twenty or twenty-five years factories that today employ hundreds of workers will need only five or ten computer technicians to run them.” _____________ (48). In the early 1970s, there were many predictions that before the end of the century most homes in the United States, Europe and Japan would have computers in them. ___________ (49) Long before 1980, it was predicted that instead of letting nature and luck choose their children’s characteristics, people would have to decide which characteristics they wanted their children to inherit from them and previous generations in their families. ____________ (50) We may be able to have “undesirable” characteristics changed or destroyed through genetic therapy. Perhaps we may even begin to wish that Bertrand Russell was right when he said that history teaches us that the future is never like that future we imagine. A “By the end of the century,” he said, “there will be no poverty anywhere in the country.” B If this prediction comes true, we will be faced with a much greater responsibility than ever before. C According to the same predictions, this would result in “an information explosion” as well as “radical and revolutionary changes in the way we work, learn, and do business.” D When this prediction came true, more people would be killed than ever before. E They were certain that this would not only be “far cleaner than coal and other fossil fuels but far safer and much cheaper.” F He added that this “will lead to enormous social problems for unskilled manual workers in particular, who will be unable to find work.” |
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| 第6、7、8、9、10题：Mobile Phone and Diseases A study by scientists in Finland has found that mobile phone radiation can cause changes in human cells that might affect the brain, the leader of the research team said. But Darius Leszczynski, who headed the 2-year study and will present findings next week at a conference in Quebec(魁北克), said more research was needed to determine the seriousness of the changes and their impact on the brain or the body. The study at Finland's Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority found that exposure to radiation from mobile phones can cause increased activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells grown in a laboratory, he said. “We know that there is some biological response. We can detect it with our very sensitive approaches, but we do not know whether it can have any physiological effects on the human brain or human body,” Leszczynski said. Nonetheless the study, the initial findings of which were published last month in the scientific journal Differentiation, raises new questions about whether mobile phone radiation can weaken the brain's protective shield against harmful substances. The study focused on changes in cells that line blood vessels and on whether such changes could weaken the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, which prevents potentially harmful substances from entering the brain from the bloodstream, Leszczynski said. The study found that a protein called hsp27 linked to the functioning of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to irradiation and pointed to a possibility that such activity could make the shield more permeable(能透过的), he said. “Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink—not the blood vessels but the cells themselves—and then tiny gaps could appear between those cells through which some molecules could pass. ” he said. Leszczynski declined to speculate on what kind of health risks that could pose, but said a French study indicated that headache, fatigue and sleep disorders could result. “These are not life-threatening problems but can cause a lot of discomfort,” he said, adding that a Swedish group had also suggested a possible link with Alzheimer's disease. “Where the truth is do not know,” he said. Leszczynski said that he, his wife and children use mobile phones, and he said that he did not think his study suggested any need for new restrictions on mobile phone use. 36 According to Leszczynski, how does mobile phone affect one's health? _________ A Mobile phone radiation can increase protein activities and such activities can make the protective shield more permeable. B Mobile phone radiation can shrink the blood vessels and prevent blood from flowing smoothly. C Mobile phone radiation will bring stress to people exposed to it. D Mobile phone radiation kills blood cells at a rapid speed. 37 What's the result of the French study? _________ A The harm of mobile phone radiation is life-threatening. B Mobile phone may affect one's normal way of thinking. C Sleep disorders could result from mobile phone radiation. D A protein called hsp27 is killed by mobile phone radiation. 38 What kind of disease is not caused by the use of mobile phone? _________ A Fatigue. B Headache. C Alzheimer's disease. D Tuberculosis. 39 According to the passage, what would be the future of the use of mobile phone? _________ A People will be forbidden to use mobile phone. B People dare not use mobile phone because of its radiation. C People will continue to use mobile phone. D There will be new restrictions on the use of mobile phone. 40 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? _________ A The research in Finland found that mobile phone radiation will affect one's brain. B Mobile phone radiation can cause increased activity in hundreds of protein in human cells. C Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink. D Lszczynski forbid his wife and children to use mobile phone after his research. |
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| 第11题：Mary looked pale and weary. A.worried B.ugly C.silly D.exhausted |
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| 第12、13、14、15、16题： In the 1980s, scientists around the world began to notice something strange: Frogs were disappearing. More recent research has shown that many kinds of amphibians (两栖动物) are declining or have become extinct. They have been around for a long time - over 350 million years. Why are they dying out now? Scientists are seriously concerned about this question. First of all, amphibians are an important source of scientific and medical knowledge. By studying amphibians, scientists have learned about new substances that could be very useful for treating human diseases. Further research could lead to many more discoveries, but that will be impossible if the amphibians disappear. The most serious aspect of amphibian loss, however, goes beyond the amphibians themselves. Scientists are beginning to think about what amphibian decline means for the planet as a whole. If the earth is becoming unlivable for amphibians, is it also becoming unlivable for other kinds of animals and human beings as well? Scientists now believe that amphibian decline is due to several environmental factors. One of these factors is the destruction of habitat, the natural area where an animal lives. Amphibians are very sensitive to changes in their habitat. If they cannot find the right conditions, they will not lay their eggs. These days, as wild areas are covered with houses, roads, farms, or factories, many kinds of amphibians are no longer laying eggs. For example, the arroyo toad (蟾蜍) of southern California will only lay its eggs on the sandy bottom of a slow-moving stream. There are very few streams left in southern California, and those streams are often muddy because of building projects. Not surprisingly, the arroyo toad is now in danger of extinction. There are a number of other factors in amphibian decline. Pollution is one of them. In many industrial areas, air pollution has poisoned the rain, which then falls on ponds and kills the frogs and toads that live there. In farming areas, the heavy use of chemicals on crops has also killed off amphibians. Another factor is that air pollution has led to increased levels of ultraviolet (UV) light. This endangers amphibians, which seem to be especially sensitive to UV light. And finally, scientists have discovered a new disease that seems to be killing many species of amphibians in different parts of the world. All these reasons for the disappearance of amphibians are also good reasons for more general concern. The destruction of land, the pollution of the air and the water, the changes in our atmosphere, the spread of diseases - these factors affect human beings, too. Amphibians are especially sensitive to environmental change. Perhaps they are like the canary (金丝雀) bird that coal miners once used to take down into the mines to detect poisonous gases. When the canary became ill or died, the miners knew that dangerous gases were near and their own lives were in danger. 1 Losing amphibians means losing A knowledge about fatal human diseases. B knowledge about air and water pollution. C a chance to discover new medicines. D an opportunity to detect poisonous gases. 2Amphibians lay their eggs A in any stream they can find, B in places without UV light, C only on sand. D only in the right conditions 3 The arroyo toad is disappearing because A it has been threatened by frogs. B it is losing its habitat. C a disease has been killing its eggs. D it can't bear the cold of winter. 4 Coal miners once used the canary bird to detect A poisonous gases. B air pollution. C water leakage. D radiation. 5 Scientists think that the decline of amphibians could A cause environmental change. B cause a decline in other kinds of animals. C be a warning signal for human beings. D be a good sign for human beings. |
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| 第17题：His stomach felt hollow with fear . A.sincere B.respectful C.empty D.terrible |
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| 第18题： Rock climbing is hazardous A．interesting B．dangerous C．attractive D．useful |
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| 第19题：Accompanied by cheerful music, we began to dance. A. pleasant B. colorful C. fashionable D. different |
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| 第20题：He's spent years cultivating a knowledge of art. A.sharing B.using C.denying D.developing |
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| 第21题： Enormous sums of money have been spent on space exploration． A．Much B．Large C．Small D．Fixedt |
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| 第22、23、24、25、26题： Forests for Cities You are standing in a beautiful forest in Japan. The air is clean and smells like plants and flowers. There are 175 different kinds of trees, and 60 kinds of birds live here. _______ (46) You are downtown in the city of Nara, Japan, in Kasugayama Forest, the oldest urban forest in the world. It was started more than a thousand years ago, and today it's very popular with tourists and artists. Cities around the world are working to protect their urban forests. Some urban forests are parks, and some are just streets with a lot of trees. But all urban forests have many good effects on the environment. _______ (47) They also stop the noise from heavy traffic. They even make the weather better because they make the air 3-5 degrees cooler, and they stop strong winds. Urban forests also have many good effects on people. They make the city more beautiful. In a crowded area, they give people a place to relax and spend time in nature. _____(48) In some countries, people are starting new urban forests. In England, there are now 1.3 million trees in an urban forest called Thames Chase, east of London. It was started in 1990, and it has grown very fast. Walking and bicycle clubs use the forest, and there are programs for children and artists.____ (49) Some older cities don't have space for a big urban forest, but planting trees on the streets makes the city better. Scientists found that commuters (通勤人员) feel more relaxed when they can see trees. Trees are even good for business. ______ (50) In the future, urban forests will become even more important as our cities grow bigger. In the megacities(超大城市) of tomorrow, people will need more green space to live a comfortable life. Planting trees today will make our lives better in the future. A.Trees take pollution out of the air B.In 2033，it will have 5 million trees C.But you are not in rural area D.It has many kinds of birds in the country E.In hot countries，urban forests are cool places for walking and other healthy exercises F.People spend more time at shopping centers that have trees |
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