| 职称英语考试理工类每日一练（2015-11-26） |
| 第1、2、3、4、5题： Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking? Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication—having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected. The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health. On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning (扫描) equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree. What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about. As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often 31 People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that A they're popular B they're cheap C they're useful D they're convenient 32 The world "detected" in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by A cured B removed C discovered D caused 33 The salesman retired young because A he disliked using mobile phones B he was tired of talking on his mobile phone C he couldn't remember simple tasks D his employer's doctor persuaded him to 34 On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies A deny the existence of mobile phone radiation B develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation C try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health D hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about 35 The writer's purpose of writing this article is to advise people A to buy mobile phones B to update regular phones C to use mobile phones less often D to stop using mobile phones |
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| 第6、7、8、9、10题： Flying into History When you turn on the television or read a magazine, celebrities (名人) are everywhere. Although fame and the media play such major roles in our lives today, it has not always been that way. ____ (46) Many historians agree that Charles Lindbergh was one of the first major celebrities, or superstars. Lindbergh was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1902, but he grew up in Little Falls, Minnesota. As a child, he was very interested in how things worked, so when he reached college, he pursued a degree in engineering. At the age of 20, however, the allure(诱惑) of flying captured Lindbergh's imagination. ____ (47) Soon after, Lindbergh bought his own plane and traveled across the nation performing aerial stunts(空中特技). In 1924, Lindbergh became more serious about flying. He joined the United States military and graduated first in his pilot class. ____(48) During the same time, a wealthy hotel owner named Raymond Orteig was offering a generous award to the first pilot who could fly nonstop from New York City to Paris, France. The Orteig Prize was worth $25, OOO - a large amount even by today's standards. Lindbergh knew he had the skills to complete the flight, but not just any plane was capable of flying that far for that long. ____ (49) On May 20, 1927, Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in New York City and arrived the next day at an airstrip (简易机场) outside Paris. Named in honor of the sponsor, The Spirit of St. Louis carried Lindbergh across the Atlantic Ocean and into the record books. He became a national hero and a huge celebrity. When he returned to the United States, Lindbergh rode in a ticker-tape (热烈的) parade held to celebrate his accomplishment. was even named for Charles Lindbergh-the kept at the Smithsonian Institute's National Air ____ (50) A very popular dance Lindy Hop. Today, The Spirit of St. Louis is and Space Museum in Washington, D.C. A Eighty years' ago, radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect on Americans. B Working with an aviation company from San Diego, California, and with financial help from the city of St. Louis, Lindbergh got a customized (定制的) airplane that could make the journey. C He also received a Medal of Honor, the highest United States military decoration. D He quit school and moved to Nebraska where he-learned to be a pilot. E His childhood was not full of fond memories. F Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot, flying out of St Louis, Missouri. |
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| 第11题：You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position A．maintain B．better C．acquire D．support |
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| 第12题： The odd thing was that he didn’t recognize me. A. real B. whole C. same D. strange |
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| 第13题： The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses. A relative B general C continuous D sharp |
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| 第14、15、16、17、18、19、20题： Earth Rocks On Most of the time, the ground feels solid beneath our feet. That's comforting. But it's also misleading because there's actually a lot going on underground. Masses of land (called plates) slip, slide, and bump against each other, slowly changing the shape of continents and oceans over millions and billions of years. Scientists know that Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago. They also know that our planet was hot at first. As it cooled, its outermost layer, called the crust, eventually formed moving plates. Exactly when this shift happened, however, is an open question. Now, an international group of researchers has an answer. They've found new evidence suggesting that Earth's crust (地壳) started shifting at least 3.8 billion years ago. The new estimate is 1.3 billion years earlier than previous ones. Not long before 3.8 billion years ago, lots of asteroids (小行星) were pummeling Earth, keeping its crust in a hot, molten state. After the hard crust formed, much of it sank at various times into the planet's hot insides. There, it melted before returning to the surface as lava. In some places, however, the crust never sank. One of the oldest such places is in Greenland, in an area called the Isua supracrustal(上地壳) belt. The rocky crust there is between 3.7 and 3.8 billion years old. The belt was once part of the seafloor, but now it is exposed to air. The researchers recently look at the Isua supracrustal belt. They noticed long, parallel cracks in the rock that have been filled in with a type of volcanic rock. To explain this structure, the scientists propose that tension in the crust caused the seafloor to crack open long ago. Hot, liquid rock, called magma(岩浆), flowed up slowly from deep inside Earth to fill the cracks. Finally, the area cooled, forming what we see today. That explanation, plus chemical clues inside the rock, suggests that the Isua supracrustal belt was once part of a plate under the ocean, beginning around 3.8 billion years ago. 16 The ground beneath our feet is indeed still. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 17 The shape of lands and oceans are slowly changed with the movements of plates. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 18 Earth cooled down shortly after it was formed. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 19 Scientists once estimated that Earth's crust started shifting three billion years ago. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20.It took a long time for the melted crust to become hard. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21.The formation of the Isua supracrustal belt is thought to have started about 3.8 billion years ago. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22. The lsua supracrustal belt is now a popular holiday resort. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned |
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| 第21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28题： Screen Test Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer. If this happens early ecough, the disease can often be treated successfully. According to a survey published last year, 21 countries have screening programmes. Nine of them, including Australia, Canada, the US and Spain, screen women under 50. But the medical benefit of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer. Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser. Researchers at the Polytechnic University of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160,000 women at 11 local clinics. After estimating the women’s cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause. The mathematical model recommended by Britain’s National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal. The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led, to a lower figure of 20 cancers. The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is “not very significant” compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated. The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened. But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation. The results of their study, they suggest, could help “optimise the technique” for breast cancer screening. “There is a trade-off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks.” admits Michael Clark of the NRPB. But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution. “On the basis of the current data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life. That’s why radiation exposure should be minimised in any screening programme.” 23. Paragraph 2_____ 24. Paragraph 3_____ 25. Paragraph 4_____ 26. Paragraph 5_____ A. Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Woman B. Investigating the Effect of Screening C. Effects Predicted by Two Different Models D. Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from Radiation E. Treatment of Cancers F. Factors That Trigger Cancers 27. Early discovery of breast cancer may_____. 28. Advantages of screening women under 50 are_____. 29. Delaying the age at which screening starts may_____. 30. Radiation exposure should be_____. A. be costly B. harmful C. save a life D. still open to debate E. reduce the risk of radiation triggering a cancer F. reduced to the minimum |
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| 第29题：Some birds consistently return to the same nesting area each spring. A occasionally B purposely C regularly D surprisingly |
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| 第30题：We've seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues. A.clear B.regular C.quick D.great |
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| 第31题：It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. A.making B.taking C.discussing D.expecting |
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