职称英语考试理工类每日一练(2015-12-14) |
第1、2、3、4、5题: Mergers The most common kind of consolidation today is the merger. A merger occurs ____(1)____. With the deregulation of natural gas, the nation’s 20 interstate pipeline companies became fearful of cutthroat competition. Some felt that they could increase their efficiency and improve their market flexibility by merging. In 1985 Internorth of Omaha paid $2.3 billion for Houston Natural Gas Corporation, ____(2)____. The system connected markets from coast to coast and raised sales to $10 billion. On occasion, mergers have occurred between smaller companies in an industry dominated by a few giant firms. These smaller companies claim that they need to merge to become more efficient and effective in competing against the biggest corporations. They maintain that such action increases competition instead of reducing it. The Antitrust Division of the Justice Department has not always agreed with them. Four major waves of mergers have taken place in this country. The first started in 1887, just prior to the passage of the Sherman Antitrust Act, and ended in 1904. It involved such giants as United States Steel and Standard Oil trying to create monopolies in their industries. From the end of World War I until the 1930s, large firms swallowed smaller firms to create oligopolies. The monopoly had no chance and the oligopoly little chance of succeeding today under present antitrust policy. The third major merger movement began in the 1960s, reached a peak in 1969, ____(3)____. Many of the acquisitions involved giant firms in one industry buying up large companies in totally unrelated industries. Such mergers are called conglomerate mergers. A classic example is Mobil Oil Corporation’s purchase of the huge retail chain Montgomery Ward & Company. Mergers in the last ten years were in the thousands. More important is the value of the transactions, which has risen sharply. The number of mergers and acquisitions apply ____(4)____. The petroleum industry had mergers and acquisitions valued at closed to $80 billion between 1981 and 1984. Other industries ____(5)____ were banking and finance, insurance, mining and mineral, processed foods. A thereby gaining control of the world’s longest pipeline B and then gradually declined C experiencing large takeovers D resulting in combinations of small firms E only to those valued at $100 million or more F when two or more companies get together to form one company |
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第6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13题:Alaska 1 In 1868 Americans welcomed Alaska into the Union as the 49th state, symbolizing a change of attitude from that held in 1867 ,when the peninsula was purchased from Russia. Then, most Americans had little interest in 1,500,000 square kilometers “of icebergs and polar bears”—beyond Canada's western borders, far from the settled areas of the United States. 2 In those sections of the state which lie above the Arctic Circle, Alaska still is a land of icebergs and polar bears. Ice masses lie buried in the earth, which is permanently frozen to a depth of 90 or more meters. From early May until early August, the midnight sun never sets on this flat, treeless region, but the sun cannot melt the icy soil more than two-thirds of a meter down. 3 Alaska is America's largest state, but only about 325,000 people live there. According to estimates, 800,000 hectares of its land area are fit for plowing but only about 640,000 hectares are being cultivated. 4 Arctic Alaska has been the home of Eskimos for countless centuries. It is believed that the Eskimos moved there from Mongolia or Siberia, probably crossing Bering Strait, named for Vitus Bering, the Danish sea captain who discovered Alaska on his voyage for Russia in 1741. The Eskimos are the state's earliest known inhabitants. Russian fur traders established settlements but, by the time Alaska was sold to the United States, most of the traders had departed. 5 In 1896 gold was discovered near the Klondike River in Canada just across the Alaskan border. Thousands of Americans rushed to the region on their way to Klondike; some never returned. Alaska was never completely cut off again, although even today transportation is a major problem. There are only two motor routes from the U. S. mainland, and within the state, every town has its own airfield. Planes fly passengers, mail and freight to the most distant villages. 6 The gold that changed life so suddenly for Alaska was soon ended, and although many stories about mining camps have become part of American literature, the gold from Alaskan earth contributed less to economic progress than the fish from Alaskan waters. The fish caught in a single year range in value from $ 80 million to $ 90 million. Fur-bearing animals are plentiful in the forests and streams, and valuable fur seals inhabit the waters. After fishing, the state's chief industry is lumber and the production of wood pulp. In recent years, Alaska's single most important resource has become oil. The state also has large deposits of coal, copper, gold and other minerals. 23 Paragraph 3 _________ 24 Paragraph 4 _________ 25 Paragraph 5 _________ 26 Paragraph 6 _________ A Rich resources of the state B Connections with the outside world C Transportation problem D The natives of the land E Cold climate F Land and population 27 For as long as three months of a year, the sun _________on the ice-covered land of Alaska. 28 According to statistics, _________of the total area of Alaska has been used for farming. 29 Alaska was originally part of Russia, but was bought _________ 30 Gold did not bring to Alaska as much wealth _________ A as fish does B because of its rich natural resources C by the United States in the 19th century D shines day and night E only a very small percentage F a limited amount of the gold found there |
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第14、15、16、17、18题: The World Longest Bridge Rumor has it that a legendary six—headed monster lurks in the deep waters of the Tyrrhenian Sea between Italy and the island of Sicily.____ (1)____ When completed in 2010,the world 's longest bridge will weigh nearly 300,000 tons—equivalent to the iceberg that sank the Titanic—and stretch 5 kilometers long."That’s nearly 50 percent longer than any other bridge ever built,"says structural engineer Shane Rixon.____(2) ____They're suspension bridges,massive structures built to span vast water channels or gorges.A suspension bridge needs just two towers to shoulder the structure’s mammoth weight,thanks to hefty supporting cables slung between the towers and anchored firmly in deep pools of cement at each end of the bridge.The Messina Strait Bridge will have two 54,100-ton towers,which will support most of the bridge's load.The beefy cables of the bridge.each 1.2 meter in diameter, will hold up the longest and widest bridge deck ever built. When construction begins on the Messina Strait Bridge in 2005,the first job will be to erect two 370 meter-tall steel towers.____(3)____ Getting these cables up will be something.It 's not just their length—totally 5.3 kilometers—but their weight.____(4)____ After lowering vertical" suspender "cables from the main cables.builders will erect a 60 meter-wide 54.630-ton steel roadway, or deck——wide enough to accommodate 12 lanes of traffic.The deck's weight will pull down on the cables with a force of 70,500 tons.In return,the cables yank up against their firmly rooted anchors with a force of 1 39.000 tons—equivalent to the weight of about 100,000 cars.Those anchors are essential.____(5)____ A. Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds. B. What do the world's longest bridges have in common? C. If true,one day you might spy the beast while zipping(呼啸而过)across the Messina Strait Bridge. D. They're what will keep the bridge from going anywhere. E. The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait,each set being +a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires. F. They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons—more than half the bridge's total mass. |
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第19、20、21、22、23题: Every Dog Has His Say KIMIKO Fukuda always wondered what her dog wastrying to say. Whenever she put on makeup, it wouldpull at her sleeve. (1) When the dog barks, she glancesat a small electronic gadget. The following “human” translation appears on its screen: “Pleasetake me with you.” “I realized that's how he wasfeeling,” says Fukuda. The gadget is called Bowlingual, and it translates dog barks into feelings. People laughed when theJapanese toymaker Takara Company made the world's first dog-human translationmachine in 2002. But 300,000 Japanese dog owners boughtit. (2) “Nobody else had thought about it,” said Masahiko Kajita, who works for Takara,“We spend so much time training dogs to understand our orders;what would it be like if we could understand dogs?” Bowlingual has two parts. (3) The translationis done in the gadget using a database containing every kind of bark. Based on animal behaviour research, these noises are divided into six categories: happiness, sadness, frustration, anger, declarationand desire. (4) In this way, the databasescientifically matches a bark to an emotion, which isthen translated into one of 200 phrases. When a visitor went to Fukuda's house recently, the dog barked a loud “bow wow” (5)。 It was followed by “I'm stronger than you” as the dog growledand sniffed at the visitor. The product will be available in US pet storesthis summer for about US$120. It can store up to 100 barks, even recording the dog's emotions when the owner is away. A A wireless microphone is attached to thedog's collar, which sends information to the gadgetheld by the owner. B Nobody really knows how a dog feels. C This translated as “Don'tcome this way”。 D More customers are expected when the Englishversion is launched this summer. E Now, the Japanesegirl thinks she knows. F Each one of these emotions is then linked toa phrase like “Let's play,” “Lookat me,” or “Spend more timewith me.” |
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第24、25、26、27、28题: Every Dog ttas Its Say Kimiko FukudA. a Japanese gift, always wondered what her dog was trying to say.Whenever she put on makeup, it would pull at her sleeve. (46) _________ When the dog barks,she glances at a small electronic gadget (装置). The following "human" translation appearson its screen: "Please take me with you. " "I realized that's how he was feeling. " saidFukuda. The gadget is called Bowlingual, and it translates dog barks into feelings. People laughedwhen the Japanese toymaker Takara Company made the world's first d0g-human translationmachine in 2002. But 300,000 Japanese dog owners bought it. (47) _________ "Nobody else hadthought about it," said Masahiko KajitA. who works for Takara , "We spend so much timegaining dogs to understand our orders; what would it be like if we could understand dogs?"Bowlingual has two parts. (48)_________ The translation is done in the gadget using a database(资料库) containing every kind of bark. Based on animal behavior research, these noises are divided into six categories:happiness, sadness, frustration, anger, declaration and desire. (49)_________In this way, thedatabase scientifically matches a bark to an emotion, which is then translated into one of 200phrases. When a visitor went to Fukuda's house recently, the dog barked a loud "bow wow". This translated as "Don't come this way"(50)_________The product will be available in US pet stores this summer for about US $120 It can store up to 100 barks, even recording the dog's emotions when the owner is away A.A wireless microphone is attached to the dog's collar, which sends information to the gadget held by the owner. B.Nobody really knows how a dog feels C.It was followed by "I'm stronger than you" as the dog growled (嗥叫) and sniffed(嗅) at the visitor D.More customers are expected when the English version is launched this summer E.Now, the Japanese girl thinks she knows. F.Each one of these emotions is then linked to a phrase like "Let's play", "Look at me", or "spend more time with me". |
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第29题:Frostbitten fingers and toes should be treated with lukewarm water. A frigid B tepid C boiling D steamy |
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第30题: The girl is gazing at herself the mirror. A.smiling B.laughing C.shouting D.staring |
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第31题:The group does not advocate the use of violence . A.limit B.support C.regulate D.oppose |
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第32题:Vice-President Lyndon Johnson became President of the United States following the death of John F. Kennedy and was subsequently elected to a full term in 1964. A duly B finally C later D therefore |
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第33题:Several windows had been smashed. A. cleaned B. replaced C. fixed D. broken |
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