| 职称英语考试综合类每日一练（2015-12-14） |
| 第1、2、3、4、5题：第2篇 How we form first impression We all have first impression of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her – aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits. The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the worlD. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in a how a person’s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other make you see him or her as different. In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information – the sights and sounds of your worlD. Theses incoming “signals”are compared against a host of “memories” stored in the brain areas called the cortex (大脑皮层)system to determine what these new signals “mean”. If you see someone you know and like at school, your brain says “familiar and safe”. “If you see someone new, it says, “new—potentially threatening”. Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other “known” memories. The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may say, “This is new. I don’t like this person.” Or else, “I am intrigueD.” Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures –like your other friends; so your brain says: “I like this person.” But theses preliminary “impressions” can be dead wrong. When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people – their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character – we categorize them as jocks, geeks, or freaks. However, if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the person’s character, we use a different, more mature style of thinking—and the most complex areas of our cortex, which allow us to be humane. 36. Our first impression of some one new is influenced by his or her _____ A. past experience B. character C. facial features D. hobbies 37. If you meet a stranger with familiar gestures, your brain is mostly likely to say____ A. “He is familiar and safe” B. “He is new and potentially threatening” C. “I like this person” D. “This is new I don't like this person” 38. The word “preliminary” means ____ A. simplistic B. stereotypical C. initial D. categorical 39. Our thinking is not mature enough when we stereotype people because _____ A. we neglect their depth and breadth B. they are not all locks, peeks, or freaks C. our thinking is similar to that of a very young child D. our judgment is always wrong 40. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? A. One’s physical appearance can influence our first impression B. our first impression is influenced by the sensitivity of our brain C. Stereotypical impressions can be dead wrong D. We should adopt mature thinking when getting to know people |
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| 第6题：Academic records rom other institutions ften become a part of (studyez.com) a university’s official file and can neither be returned to a student nor duplicated. ( ) A) borrowed B) purchased C) copied D) lost |
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| 第7、8、9、10、11题： Taxi Riding In a moment of personal crisis， how much help can you expect from a New York taxi driver? I began studying this question after watching the "Taxicab Confessions，" a series of documentaries in which hidden cameras record the secrets of unsuspecting taxi riders. I found the results varied. One morning I got into three different taxis and announced： "Well， it's my first day back in New York in seven years. I've been in prison." Not a single driver replied， so I tried again. "Yeah， I shot a man in Reno，" I explained， hoping the driver would ask me why， so I could say casually，" Just to watch him die." But nobody asked. The only response came from a Ghanaian driver： "Reno? That is in Nevada?" Taxi drivers were uniformly sympathetic when I said I'd just been fired. "This is America，" a Haitian driver said. "One door is closed. Another is open." He argued against my plan to burn down my boss's house： "If you do something silly and they put you away， you cannot look for another job." A Pakistani driver even turned down a chance to profit from my loss of hope： he refused to take me to the middle of the George Washington Bridge， a $20 trip. "Why you want to go there? Go home and relax. Don't worry. Take a new job." One very hot weekday in July， while wearing a red ski mask and holding a stuffed pillowcase with the work "BANK" on it， I tried hailing a taxi five times outside different banks. The driver picked me up every time. My ride with Guy-Caaude Thevenain， a Haitian driver， was typical of the superb assistance I received. "Is anyone following us?" "No，" said the driver， looking in his rearview mirror at traffic and me. "Let's go across the park，" I said. "I just robbed the bank there. I got $25，000." "$25，000?" he asked. "Yeah， you think it was wrong to take it?" "No， man， I work 8 hours and I don't make almost $70. If I can do that， I do it too." As we approached 86th and Lexington， I pointed to the Chemical Bank. "Hey， there's another bank，" I said， "could you wait here a minute while I go inside?" "No， I can't wait. Pay me now." His reluctance may have had something to do with money -taxi drivers think the rate for waiting time is too low -but I think he wanted me to learn that even a bank robber can't expect unconditional support. 1. From the Ghanaian driver's response， we can infer that A) he was indifferent to the killing. B) he was afraid of the author. C) he looked down upon the author. D) he thought the author was crazy. 2. Why did the Pakistani driver refuse to take the author to the middle of the George Washington Bridge? A) Because he didn't want to help the author get over his career crisis. B) Because he wanted to go home and relax. C) Because it was far away from his home. D) Because he suspected that the author was going to commit suicide. 3. What is author's interpretation of the driver's reluctance "to wait outside the Chemical bank"? A) The driver thought that the rate for waiting time was too low. B) The driver thought it wrong to support a taxi rider unconditionally. C) The driver was frightened and wanted to leave him as soon as possible. D) The driver wanted to go home and relax. 4. Which of the following statements is true about New York taxi drivers? A) They are ready to help you do whatever you want to. B) They refuse to pick up those who would kill themselves. C) They are sympathetic with those who are out of work. D) They work only for money. 5. What does the passage mainly discuss? A) How to make taxi riders comfortable. B) How to deal with taxi riders. C) The attitudes of taxi drivers towards the taxi riders having personal crises. D) The attitudes of taxi drivers towards violent criminals. |
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| 第12、13、14、15、16题： Price Planning A price represents the value of a goods orservice for both the seller and the buyer. Price planning is systematicdecision making by an organization regarding all aspects of pricing. The value of a goods or service can involveboth tangible and intangible marketing factors. An example of a tangiblemarketing factor is the cost savings__1__. An example of an intangible marketingfactor is a consumer‘s pride in the ownership of aLamborghini rather than another brand of automobile. For an example to takeplace，both the buyer and seller must feel that theprice of a goods or service provides an equitable value. To the buyer，the payment of a price reduces purchasing power __2__. To the seller，receipt of a price is a source of revenue and an importantdeterminant of sales and profit levels. Many words are substitutes for the term price： admission fee，membership fee，rate，tuition，servicecharge，donation，rent，salary，interest，retainer，and assessment. No matter what it is called，__3__：monetary and non-monetary charges，discounts，handling and shipping fees，credit chargesand other forms of interest，and late-payment penalties. A non-price exchange would be selling a newiron for 10 books of trading stamps or an airline offering tickets as paymentfor advertising space and time. Monetary and non-monetary exchange may becombined. This is common with automobiles，__4__. Thiscombination allows a reduction in the monetary price. From a broader perspective，price is the mechanism for allocating goods and services amongpotential purchasers and for ensuring competition among sellers in an openmarket economy. If there is an excess of demand over supply，prices are usually bid up by consumers. If there is an excess ofsupply over demand，__5__. Exercise： A a price contains all the terms of purchase B obtained by the purchase of a new bottlingmachine by a soda manufacturer C where the consumer gives the seller moneyplus a trade-in D available for other items E prices are usually reduced by sellers F price means what one pays for what he wants |
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| 第17、18、19、20、21题： The State of Marriage Today Is there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years，the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded：almost 50％ of marriages end in divorce now，and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues，it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years，the average American will marry at least four times，and extramaritai（婚外的）affairs will be even more common than they are now. But what are the reasons for this，and is the picture really so gloomy （明暗的）? The answer to the first question is really quite simple：marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands as they usually didn't have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs，this is no longer the case，so they don't feel that they'need to stay in a failing marriage. In answer to the second question，the outlook may not be as pessimistic （悲观的）as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much，so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this，many couples now simply live together and don't bother to marry. These couples are effectively married，but they do not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact，more than 50％ of first marriages survive. So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isn't. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people：they suffer less from stress and its consequences，such as heart problems，and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships! 36. Which of the following is true about the marriage in the United States today? A. Divorce leads to the breakup of the family. B. More and more people are getting divorced. C. More than half of the married couples get divorced. D. American people marry more than four times. 37. What does "this is no longer the case" in paragraph 2 mean? A. Women are not economically dependant any more. B. It is not necessary to get married any more. C. Women do not need a husband any longer. D. Many wives do well-paying jobs outside home now. 38. Why is the outlook of marriage not as hopeless as it appears? A. The rate of divorce has actually decreased. B. Over 60％ of the marriages continue to exist. C. The statistics of divorce is reliable. D. Many people still like to get married. 39. How do most men feel in their marriage life? A. They feel much stronger than before. B. They feel more satisfied than being single. C. They don't feel as lonely as before. D. They suffer more than before. 40. Which of the following about marriage is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. It is important to discover what makes a marriage successful. B. Many people went abroad after divorce. C. Marriage has long been partly an economic need. D. It is a fact that most people choose to get married. |
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| 第22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36题： Landing While the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving (51)through the air, and although the passengers had fastened their seat belts, they were suddenly thrown forward. At that moment, the air-hostess appeared.She looked pale, but was quite (52).Speaking quickly but in a whisper, she informed everyone that the pilot had (53) and asked if any of the passengers knew anything about machine or at (54) how to drive a car. After a moment's (55), a man got up and followed the hostess into the pilot's cabin. Moving the pilot (56), the man took his seat and listened carefully to the (57) instructions that were being sent by radio from the airport (58). The plane was now dangerously close (59)the ground, but to everyone's (60), it soon began to climb. The man had to circle the airport several times in order to become (61)with the controls of the plane. (62)the danger had not yet passed. The terrible (63)came when he had to land. Following instructions, the man guided the plane towards the airfield. It shook violently (64)it touched the ground and then moved rapidly (65)the runway and after a long run it stopped safely. 练习： 51.A.fast B.quietly C.violently D.unsteadily 52.A.happy B.still C.calm D.quiet 53.A.escaped B.failed C.faded D.fainted 54.A.best B.least C.length D.first 55.A.hesitation B.surprise C.doubt D.delay 56.A.back B.aside C.about D.off 57.A.patient B.anxious C.urgent D.nervous 58.A.beneath B.under C.down D.below 59.A.to B.by C.near D.on 60.A.horror B.trust C.pleasure D.relief 61.A.intimate B.familiar C.similar D.close 62.A.Then B.Therefore C.But D.Moreover 63.A.moment B.movement C.idea D.affair 64.A.as B.unless C.while D.so 65.A.around B.over C.along D.above |
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| 第37、38、39、40、41题： From Ponzi to Madoff The year was 1920. The country was the United States of America. The man's name was Charles Ponzi. Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account. Instead, they should give it to him to save for them. Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank. For example, a savings account might pay you $5 a year for every $100 you deposit. Ponzi, however, would pay you $40 a year for every $100 you gave him to hold. Many people thought this was a good plan. They began to give their money to Ponzi. How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him: He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money. However, he also kept a lot of the money for himself. Soon he had $250 million. This was a kind of theft, and it was against the law. The people who gave him their money didn't think anything was wrong. Ponzi paid them every month, just like a bank. Ponzi continued this way of working for two years. Then one day, he didn't have enough money to pay all the people. They discovered his crime, and he went to prison for fraud. Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Madoff. People said he gave good advice about money. They said when they gave him their money, he paid them a lot more than the bank. Madoff helped hospitals, schools, and individuals earn money. Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $170 billion. However, no one investigated what he did with the money. The people who gave Madoff their money also didn't think anything was wrong because he paid them every month. One day, Madoff didn't have enough money to pay all the people he needed to pay. That's when people discovered how Madoff worked: He was taking money from some people to pay other people, just the way Charles Ponzi did. However, this time, instead of losing millions of dollars, people lost billions. Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States government officials arrested him. He didn't have to go on trial because he said he was guilty. In 2009, a judge sentenced him t0 150 years in prison. Bernard Madoff's crime was even bigger than Ponzi's. It was the biggest fraud in history. The lesson of this story is clear: When something seems too good to be true, it probably is! 36. For every $100, Ponzi promised to pay people A. $5 a year. B. $20 a year. C. $40 a year. D. $100 a year. 37. What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him? A. He spent it all on things for himself. B. He used some of it to pay other people. C. He deposited it all in a bank. D. He kept it all to save for a good plan. 38. What was Ponzi's crime? A. He robbed the banks of millions of dollars. B. He gave people more than the bank did. C. He kept a lot of other people's money for himself. D. He did not pay people their interests. 39. How long did Madoffs tricks last? A. Forty years. B. Four year. C. Nine years. D. Ninety years. 40. Why didn't Madoff have to go on trial? A. The officiais couldn't find any evidence against him. B. He had friends in the government who helped him. C. He admitted he was guilty. D. He returned all the illegal money. |
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| 第42题：Hearing problems may be alleviated by changes in diet and exercisehabits. A.removed B.cured C.worsened D.relieved |
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| 第43题：His handwriting is flowing and graceful. A.pleasing B.formal C.informal D.flowery |
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| 第44题： 5 I'm working with a guy from London. A teacher B student C friend D man |
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