| 职称英语考试卫生类每日一练（2016-1-14） |
| 第1题： Such a database would be extremely costly to set up. A. destroy B．transfer C．update D．establish |
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| 第2、3、4、5、6题： Semco At 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father's business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts for ships. Semler Junior worked like a madman, from 7 :30 am, until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctor who treated him said, " There's nothing wrong with you. But if you continue, like this, you'll find a new home in our hospital. " Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the ways his employees worked too. He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worring when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries. (46) "Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone. " He completely reorganized the office: instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses cann't shut themselves away from everyone else (47) As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts. Semler says, " We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn't even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump on the othe other side of the world failes millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea. Rubin springs into action. (48) That's when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn't look busy the rest of the time. " Semco has flexible working hours : the employees decide when they need to arrive at work. The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. (49) It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers: in the last six years, Semco's revenues have gone from $ 35 million to $212 million. The company has grown from 800 employees t0 3,000. Why? Semler says it's because of "peer pressure" . Peer pressure makes employees work hard for everyone else. (50) In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expects them to act like adults. And they do. A. If somone isn't doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue. B. This saved money and brought more equality to the company. C. And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want. D. He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them. E. Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work. F. Also, Semco lets its workers use the company's machiners for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year. |
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| 第7、8、9、10、11题： Science and Technology There is a difference between science andtechnology. __(46). Science has to do with discovering the facts andrelationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishingtheories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology hasto do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings ofscience. __(47) Progress in science excludes the human factor.Scientists, who seek to understand the universe and know the truth within thehighest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own orother people' s likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness ofthings. __(48). But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to beuseful; besides we have the choice of refusing to believe it ! But hardly sowith technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the soundproduced by a supersonic(超音速的) aircraft flyingoverhead; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted air. __(49)The purpose oftechnology is to serve people in general, not merely some people, and futuregenerations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage forthemselves. __(50) Many people blame technology itself forwidespread pollution, resource depletion(枯竭) and evensocial decay in general so much so that the promise of technology is"obscured". That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wiseapplications of science and technology do not lead to a better world, what elsewill? A. Another distinction between science and technologyhas to do with the progress in each. B. Unlike science, progress in technology mustbe measured in terms of the human factor. C. What scientists discover may shock or angerpeople as did Darwin' s theory of evolution. D. Science and technology are different. E. We are all familiar with the improper use oftechnology. F. Science is a method of answering theoreticalquestions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. |
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| 第12题： Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems. A spread B send C hear D confirm |
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| 第13题：Courageous people think quickly and act without hesitation. A.complaint B.consideration C.delay D.anxiety |
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| 第14题： Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found The World Health Organization1 estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their 1 .Two million people die 2 it. The disease has 3 with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis. Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to 4 a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop 5 they feel better. Doing that can 6 to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how 7 it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients 8.It would also mean 9 infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others. The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They 10 the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might 11 about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these 12 would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve. The World Health Organization 13 the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make 14 they continue treatment. Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research 15 new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses. 练习： 1. A. kidneys B. lungs C. bones D. livers 2. A. with B. without C. of D. out of 3. A. increased B. decreased C. changed D. disappeared 4. A. make B. take C. try D. test 5. A. as if B. as though C. as far as D. as soon as 6. A. refer B. apply C. lead D. amount 7. A. effective B. ineffective C. expensive D. inexpensive 8. A. cured B. to cure C. being cured D. having been cured 9. A. many B. more C. few D. fewer 10.A. provided B. introduced C. tested D. tempted 11.A. bring about B. contributed to C. promote D. prevent 12.A. increases B. reductions C. creations D. collections 13.A. developed B. invented C. delayed D. refused 14. A. easy B. uneasy C. sure D. unsure 15. A. with B. to C. onto D. into |
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| 第15、16、17、18、19题： 第三篇 Gross National Happiness In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist(佛教)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions. King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product(GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country’s progress by people’s happiness. If the people’s happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness(GNH). GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government. Now there is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet. Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land. Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow. 41. Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck? A. A president. B. A Buddhist priest. C. A king. D. A general. 42. Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan? A. To make its population grow. B. To keep it separate from the world. C. To encourage its people to get rich. D. To keep its traditions and customs. 43. A country shows its progress with GNP by A. spending more money. B. spending less money. C. selling more products. D. providing more jobs. 44. According to GNH, people are happier if they A. have new technology. B. have a good, stable government. C. can change their religion. D. have more money. 45. Today many countries are A. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness. B. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress. C. working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH. D. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress. |
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| 第20、21、22、23题： Antarctica and Environment Antarctica has actually become a kind of spacestation – a unique observation post for detectingimportant changes in the world’s environment. Remotefrom major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecologicalsystems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientificmeasurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made inother parts of the world. Growing numbers of scientists therefore seeAntarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerousglobal trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promisingfield of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States,Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects thatreflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet – a concern they believe the world at large should share. The Transantarctic Mountain, some of them morethan 14,000 feet high, divide the continent into two very different regions.The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearlytwo miles thick. “West” of themountain, the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by anice sheet, but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level.If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared, the western part of the continentwould be reduced to a sparse cluster of island. While ice and snow are obviously central tomany environmental experiments, others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica, valleys thatcontain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through themountains of southern Victoria Land, these valleys once held enormous glaciersthat descended 9,000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciersare gone, perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10,000years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blastedout by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Leftbare are spectacular gorges, rippled fields of sand dunes, clusters of boulderssculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds, and an aura ofextraterrestrial desolation. Despite the unearthly aspect of the dryvalleys, some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of theverdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dryvalleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them. 1. What is the best title for this passage? A Antarctica and environmental Problems. B Antarctica: Earth’sEarly-Warning station. C Antarctica: a Unique Observation Post. D Antarctica: a Mysterious Place. 2. What would the result be if the WestAntarctic Ice Sheet disappeared? A The western part of the continent would bedisappeared. B The western part of the continent would bereduced. C The western part of the continent wouldbecome scattered Islands. D The western part of the continent would bereduced to a cluster of Islands. 3. Why are the Dry Valleys left bare? A Vicious wind blasts the snow away. B It rarely snows. C Because of the global warming trend andfierce wind. D Sand dunes. 4. Which of the following is true? A The “Dry Valleys” have nothing left inside. B The “Dry Valleys” never held glaciers. C The “Dry Valleys” may carry a message of hope for the verdant. D The “Dry Valleys” are useless to scientists. |
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| 第24题：The worst agonies of the war were now beginning. A. parts B. aspects C. pains D. results |
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| 第25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39题： Swine Flu in New York The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has confirmed cases of swine _______(51）in eight students at a New York preparatory(预科的) school, Mayor Michael Bloomberg said Sunday. The students have had only _______(52) symptoms and none have been hospitalized, he said. Some of the students have already recovered. More than 100 students were absent from _______(53) due to flu-like symptoms last week.New York health officials tested samples for eight students Saturday and determined the students were probably _______(54) from swine flu, and the CDC confirmed the _______(55) on Sunday, Bloomberg said. The announcement brings the _______(56) of confirmed swine flu cases in the United States to 20. Bloomberg said there is no _______(57) of a citywide outbreak(爆发) of the flu, and no sign of a potential outbreak of swine flu at _______(58) schools. Some students at the school _______(59) spring break in Mexico, Bloomberg said, but authorities have not determined _______(60) any of the students with a confirmed case of swine flu was in Mexico. Someone who traveled to Mexico may not have had any flu symptoms but _______(61) on the flu to someone else, he noted. Bloomberg called on students who are home sick to _______(62) home for 48 hours after their symptoms subside. If symptoms are normal for a regular kind of flu, there is _______(63) need to go to a hospital, said Bloomberg. If symptoms become severe, as _______(64) any illness, people should go to the hospital, he said. St. Francis, which has 2,700 students, announced it will remain closed for two days._______(65) whether the students' illnesses have been minor because they're young and healthy or because it is a minor strain of the virus, Frieden responded, "We don't know. " 51. A. fever B. cold C. sickness D. flu 52. A. severe B. mild C. physical D. typical 53. A. hospital B. school C. work D. home 54. A. recovering B. learning C. escaping D. suffering 55. A. choice B. treatment C. diagnosis D. doubt 56. A. number B. spread C. size D. amount 57. A. chance B. sign C. news D. hope 58. A. much B. other C. another D. few 59. A. traveled B. closed C. spent D. lasted 60. A. why B. whether C. how D. when 61. A. passed B. kept C. rolled D. swept 62. A. return B. stay C. leave D. go 63. A. no B. some C. any D. great 64. A. upon B. with C. along D. down 65. A. Told B. Tested C. Greeted D. Asked |
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