职称英语在线答题

每日一练：职称英语考试理工类每日一练(2018/6/14)
【单选题】

Driven to Distraction

Joe Coyne slides into thedriver's eat,starts up the car and heads to town.The empty stretch ofinterstate gives way to urban congestion,and Coyne hits the brakes as apedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him.

But even if he hadn't stoppedin time,the woman would have been safe.She isn't real.Neither is the town.AndCoyne isn't really driving.Coyne is demonstrating a computerized drivingsimulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University (ODU) examinehow in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel.

The researchers want to know ifsuch systems,which give audible or written directions,are too distracting—or whether anydistractions are offset by the benefits drivers get from having help findingtheir way in unfamiliar locations.

"We're looking at theperformance and mental workload of drivers,"said Caryl Baldwin,theassistant psychology professor leading the research,which involves measuringdrivers' reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory andvisual cues.

The researchers just completeda study of the mental workload involved in driving through different kinds ofenvironments and heavy vs.light traffic.Preliminary results show that as people"get into more challenging driving situations,they don't have any extramental energy to respond to something else in the environment,"Baldwinsaid.

But the tradeoffs could beworth it,she said.This next step is to test different ways of giving driversnavigational information and how those methods change the drivers' mentalworkload.

"Is it best if they see apicture…thatshows their position,a map kind of display?"Baldwin said."Is it bestif they hear it?"navigational systems now on the market givepoint-by-point directions that follow a prescribed route."They're veryunforgiving,"Baldwin said."If you miss a turn,they can almost seem toget angry.”

That style of directions alsocan be frustrating for people who prefer more general instructions.But suchbroad directions can confuse drivers who prefer route directions,Baldwin said.

Perhaps manufacturers shouldallow drivers to choose the style of directions they want,or modify systems topresent some information in a way that makes sense for people who prefer thesurvey style,she said.

Interestingly,other researchhas shown that about 60 percent of men prefer the survey style,while 60 percentwomen prefer the route style,Baldwin said.This explains the classic littlething of why men don't like to stop and ask for directions and women do,Baldwinadded.

练习： 

1.Which statement is true ofthe description in the first two paragraphs?

A.If Coyne had stopped the carin time,he wouldn't have hit the woman.

B.The woman would have beenknocked over,if Coyne had followed the traffic regulations.

C.Coyne is not really drivingso it is impossible for him to have hit the woman.

D.If the woman had not crossedthe street suddenly,Coyne would not have hit her.

2.What do researchers want tofind out,according to the third and fourth paragraphs?

A.Whether or not audible orwritten directions are distracting.

B.how long it will take thedriver to respond to auditory and visual stimuli.

C.How the driver perform undercertain metal workload.

D.All of the above.

3.What are the preliminaryresults given in the fifth paragraph?

A.Drivers are afraid of gettinginto challenging driving situations.

B.In challenging drivingsituations,drivers still have extra energy to handle other things.

C.In challenging drivingsituations,drivers do not have any additional mental energy to deal withsomething else.

D.Drivers' mental load remainsunchanged under different situations.

4.The sixth paragraph mainlystate that the researchers.

A.is designing a visualnavigational information system.

B.is designing an audionavigational information system.

C.is designing an audio-visualnavigational information system.

D.want to determine the bestways of giving navigational information system.

5.What kind of directions domen and women prefer?

A.Women prefer more generaldirections and men prefer route directions.

B.Men prefer more generaldirections and women prefer route direction.

C.Both men and women prefergeneral directions.

D.Both men and women preferroute directions.