【单选题】
Eat More, Weigh Less, Live Longer
Clever genetic detective work may have found out the reason why a near-starvation diet prolongs the life of many animals.
Ronald Kahn at Harvard Medical School inBoston, US, and his colleagues have been able to extend the lifespan (寿命) of mice by 18 percent by blocking the rodent’s (啮齿动物) increase of fat in specific cells. This suggests that thinness—and not necessarily diet— promotes long life in "calorie (热量单位, 卡) restricted" animals.
"It’s very cool work, "says aging researcherCynthia Kenyon of the University ofCalifornia, San Francisco. "These mice eat all they want, lose weight and live longer. It’s like heaven."
Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown, partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.
But many researchers hope they will be able to trigger the same effect with a drug once they understand how less food leads to a longer life. One theory is that eating less reduces the increase of harmful things that can damage cells.But Kahn’s team wondered whether the animals simply benefit by becoming thin.
To find out, they used biology tricks to disrupt the insulin (胰岛素) receptor (受体) gene in lab mice—but only in their fat cells. "Since insulin is needed to help fat ceils store fat, these animals were protected against becoming fat," explains Kahn.
This slight genetic change in a single tissue had dramatic effects.By three months of age, Kahn’s modified mice had up to 70 percent less body fat than normal control mice, despite the fact that they ate 55 percent more food per gram of body weight.
In addition, their lifespan increaseD、The average control mouse lived 753 days, while the thin rodents averaged a lifespan of 887 days.After three years, all the control mice had died, but one-quarter of the modified rodents were still alive.
"That they get these effects by just manipulating the fat cells is controversial," says Leonard Guarente of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who studies calorie restriction and aging.
But Guarente says Kahn has yet to prove that the same effect is responsible for increased lifespan in calorie-restricted animals. "It might be the same effect or there might be two routes to long life," he points out, "and that would be very interesting.\
The average modified mouse lived ______.
A、3 years B、753 days
C、more than 3 years D、887 days
网考网参考答案：D
网考网解析：
[解析] 关键词是average modified mouse，在原文倒数第三段第二句找到相关句：“The average control mouse lived 753 days, while the thin rodents averaged a lifespan of 887 days.”这里经改良的mouse就是指比较瘦的，所以这里选D项。 document.getElementById("warp").style.display="none"; document.getElementById("content").style.display="block"; 查看试题解析出处>>
Clever genetic detective work may have found out the reason why a near-starvation diet prolongs the life of many animals.
Ronald Kahn at Harvard Medical School inBoston, US, and his colleagues have been able to extend the lifespan (寿命) of mice by 18 percent by blocking the rodent’s (啮齿动物) increase of fat in specific cells. This suggests that thinness—and not necessarily diet— promotes long life in "calorie (热量单位, 卡) restricted" animals.
"It’s very cool work, "says aging researcherCynthia Kenyon of the University ofCalifornia, San Francisco. "These mice eat all they want, lose weight and live longer. It’s like heaven."
Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown, partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.
But many researchers hope they will be able to trigger the same effect with a drug once they understand how less food leads to a longer life. One theory is that eating less reduces the increase of harmful things that can damage cells.But Kahn’s team wondered whether the animals simply benefit by becoming thin.
To find out, they used biology tricks to disrupt the insulin (胰岛素) receptor (受体) gene in lab mice—but only in their fat cells. "Since insulin is needed to help fat ceils store fat, these animals were protected against becoming fat," explains Kahn.
This slight genetic change in a single tissue had dramatic effects.By three months of age, Kahn’s modified mice had up to 70 percent less body fat than normal control mice, despite the fact that they ate 55 percent more food per gram of body weight.
In addition, their lifespan increaseD、The average control mouse lived 753 days, while the thin rodents averaged a lifespan of 887 days.After three years, all the control mice had died, but one-quarter of the modified rodents were still alive.
"That they get these effects by just manipulating the fat cells is controversial," says Leonard Guarente of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who studies calorie restriction and aging.
But Guarente says Kahn has yet to prove that the same effect is responsible for increased lifespan in calorie-restricted animals. "It might be the same effect or there might be two routes to long life," he points out, "and that would be very interesting.\
The average modified mouse lived ______.
A、3 years B、753 days
C、more than 3 years D、887 days
网考网参考答案：D
网考网解析：
[解析] 关键词是average modified mouse，在原文倒数第三段第二句找到相关句：“The average control mouse lived 753 days, while the thin rodents averaged a lifespan of 887 days.”这里经改良的mouse就是指比较瘦的，所以这里选D项。 document.getElementById("warp").style.display="none"; document.getElementById("content").style.display="block"; 查看试题解析出处>>
发布评论 查看全部评论