职称英语考试

【单选题】Escaping from theEarth
TheEarth has a force that pulls things toward itself. We call this force gravity(地心引力). This is something we live with all the time, and we take it for granted and hardly ever think about it.But it is a most important factor in rocket operation and must be overcome if we are to get anywhere in space, or off the ground at all.
Take the throwing of a hall as an example. The harder the ball is thrown, the faster and higher it will go. What is the secret Its speeD、If we could throw the ball hard enough it would go up and up forever and never come down. The speed at which it would have to be thrown to do this is known as escape speeD、Of course, we cannot throw a ball hard enough because the speed required to escape completely from theEarth’s gravity is seven miles per second, or over twenty-five thousand miles per hour.
Once escape speed has been reached by a spacecraft(宇宙飞船), no further power is needeD、A、rocket aimed at the Moon, for instance, will "coast"(滑行) the rest of the way be cause theEarth’s gravity cannot then pull it back, and there is no air resistance(阻力) in space to slow it down. This "coasting" is known as "free fall". That does not mean the rocket is falling down towards theEarth but that it is traveling freely in space without the aid of power, like a bicycle coasting downhill.
Free fall is an important feature of space travel: it would be impossible to carry enough fuel to provide powered flight all the time.
When a bicycle "coasts" downhill, it ______.
A、runs along the hillside
B、does not need any further power
C、runs freely to all directions
D、does not meet with air resistance

【单选题】HeartAttackIn the United States, and especially in big cities and rural areas, tens of thousands of people with hearts that should be good 【51】 to keep them alive die each year for lack of adequate first aiD、In New YorkCity, for example, a new study has shown that only one person in 100 outside of hospitals 【52】 after the heart suddenly stops pumping. In contrast, in Seattle, the survival 【53】 after such heart attacks is one in five."The difference can be traced 【54】 the effectiveness of the chain of survival",Dr. Joseph P. Ornato saiD、"Each link in the 【55】 must be strong enough for many lives to be 【56】 ".The chain begins with an immediate telephone 【57】 for emergency help and the start within four minutes of the process needed for restarting the 【58】 working, by a family member or bystander (旁观者).It continues with the prompt arrival-------within eight 【59】 ten minutes of a rescuer equipped with a special instrument that can shock the heart back to a normal rhythm.And it ends with the administration (给予, 实施) of advanced (先进) emergency care by nurses to maintain the heart’’s ability to survive until the doctors at the hospitals can take 【60】 When one or more links in this chain fail or function too slowly, the 【61】 of a victim surviving heart attack falls rapidly.Because of widespread weaknesses in the chain of 【62】 , experts in emergency heart care estimate that 20,000 to 80,000 people 【63】 needlessly of heart attack each year, a number comparable to the 55,000 killed annually in automobile 【64】 .One expert says, "Sending an emergency vehicle to a heart attack victim, 【65】 the special equipment is like having policemen with guns but no bullets. They may put on a good show, but they lack the weapon needed to get the job done."
A、live

B、die
C．survive
D．come

【单选题】第一篇On the Trail of the HoneyBadgersOn a recent field trip to the KalahariDesert, a team of researchers learnt a lot more about honey badgers (獾). The team employed a local wildlife expert, Kitso Khama, to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the badgers’ movements and behaviour as discreetly (谨慎地) as possible, without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behaviour. They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them. In view of the animal’s reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.“The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new,” he says. “that, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you have food, for example, they won’t be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. They’re actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious (凶恶的). Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen.”The research confirmed many things that were already known.As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill.Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal’s fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. Previously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey (猎物). The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups. They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fat that female badgers never socialized with each other.Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers.Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species.As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the chance to get up close to them without being the subject of the animal’s curiosity — or their sudden aggression. The badgers’ eating patterns, which had been disrupted, returned to normal. It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger, as these seems to adopt the badgers’ relaxed attitude when near humans. What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them
A、They became less aggressive towards other creatures.
B．They started eating more.
C．They lost interest in people.
D．Other animals started working with them.

【单选题】 The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.
A．function
B．ability
C．power
D．volume

【单选题】第一篇 Is the Tie a Necessity？　　Ties, or neckties, have been a symbol of politeness and elegance inBritain for centuries.But the casual Prime Minister TonyBlair has problems with them. Reports suggest that even the civil servants may stop wearing ties. So, are the famously formalBritish really going to abandon the neckties 　　Maybe. Last week, the UK’sCabinet SecretaryAndrew Turnbull openly welcomed a tieless er
A、He hinted that civil servants would soon be free of the costliest 12 inches of fabric that most men ever buy in their lives.　　In fact，Blair showed this attitude when he had his first guests to a cocktail party. Many of them were celebrities (知名人士) without ties， which would have been unimaginable even in the recent past.　　For some more conservativeBritish, the tie is a must for proper appearance.Earlier, Labor leader JimCallaghan said he would have died rather than have his children seen in public without a tie. For people likeCallaghan, the tie was a sign of being complete, of showing respect. Men were supposed to wear a tie when going to church, to work in the office, to a party-almost every social occasion.　　But today, people have begun to accept a casual style even for formal occasions.　　The origin of the tie is tricky. It started as something called simply a "band". The term could mean anything around a man’s neck. It appeared in finer ways in the 1630s. Frenchmen showed a love of this particular fashion statement. Their neckwear (颈饰) impressedCharles II， the king ofEngland who was exiled (流放) to France at that time. When he returned toEngland in 1660， he brought this new fashion item along with him.　　It wasn’t, however, until the late 18th century that fancy young men introduced a more colorful, flowing piece of cloth that eventually became known as the tie. Then, clubs military institutions and schools began to use colored and patterned ties to indicate the wearer’s membership in the late 19th century.After that, the tie became a necessary item of clothing forBritish gentlemen.　　But now, even gentlemen are getting tired of ties.Anyway, the day feels a bit easier when you wake up without having to decide which tie suits you and your mooD、 Who brought the Frenchmen’s neckwear toBritain
A、Charles II.
B．TonyBlair.

C、JimCallaghan.
D．Andrew Turnbull.

【单选题】
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。
A．passengers
B．hikers
C．drivers
D．strangers

【单选题】He is sure of the coming of investment (boom) after adopting the new investment policies.
A、decrease
B．increase
C．influence
D．preparation

【单选题】 The food is insufficient for three people.
A．instant
B．infinite
C．inexpensive
D．inadequate