| 在职申硕英语考试易错题（2019/2/22） |
| 第1题：The Vikings have left many traces of their settlement which are still visible today.Archaeology provides physical evidence of their conquests, settlement and daily life. The study of place names and language shows the lasting effect which the Viking settlements had in theBritish Isles, andDN A、analysis provides some insights into the effect the Vikings had on the genetic stock of the countries where they settleD、All of this provides valuable information, but the only reason that we have an idea of the "Vikings" as a people is their appearance in the written sources. Unfortunately, the value of the written evidence is limiteD、Not a lot of evidence survives, and much of what we have is either uninformative or unreliable. Many popular ideas about Vikings are nineteenth-century inventions. Others are the result of early historians accepting sources which modern scholars now regard as completely unreliable. In Scandinavia the VikingAge is regarded as part of prehistory because there are practically no contemporary written sources.Even in westernEurope, the VikingAge is often seen as part of the "DarkAges", from which comparatively few historical records have surviveD、 Surviving accounts of Viking activity were almost exclusively written by clergymen (神职人员). These monastic chronicles (编年史) outline broadly what happened, at what date. There are also sources of a more directly religious nature, such as the much-quoted letters ofAlcuin, and Wulfstan’s famous "Sermon of the Wolf ", both of which chose to interpret the Viking raids as God’s punishment on theAnglo-Saxons for their sins.Even the chronicles reflect the fact that the Vikings often attacked monasteries for their wealth, which created an obvious bias against them, and the hostile tone of these contemporary accounts has done much to create the popular image of Viking atrocities. However, modern historians have noted that the same sources showChristian rulers behaving equally unpleasantly, but without being condemned on religious grounds. We tend to think of the Vikings as a race of Scandinavian warriors, but the reality is more complex. Raids on theBritish Isles and the coasts of France and Spain were the work of Vikings from Norway andDenmark. The word Viking means one who lurks in a "vik" or bay, in effect, a pirate. The word "Viking" has come to describe a whole new age inEurope between about 800 and 1150. This is despite the fact that Vikings were not just pirates and warriors but also traders and colonists.But at the start of the VikingAge in the last decade of the 8th century, loot and adventure were the main goals of the Norwegians who raided in Scotland and Ireland and of theDanes who attackedEnglanD、Gold and silver treasures accumulated by the great monasteries could be converted into personal wealth and thus power, and captives could be sold as slaves. What better way for the young sons of good families to earn their way and see the world The author’s analysis of the Vikings mainly based on materials from ______ . A、limited written sources B、physical archaeological evidence C．report onDAN analysis D．the study of place names and language |
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| 第2题：{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}} Joann says. "Even though we are scattered across the country, we can share thoughts, opinions and concerns about issues that affect us. It’s like a big family. When Mayer and I travel around the country, we make it a point to look up other Senior-Net members." Mary Furlong, founder of the 10-years-old network, says it is a painless way to socialize, especially for those recently widowed and reluctant to go out alone, and for the disableD、Senior-Net has more then 6 000 members across the United States. Joann Oakes and Mayer Solen fell for each other just beforeChristmas in 1991. She had been watching from a distance as Mr. Solen flitted from one group of friends to another. Finally, the two began a conversation. They discovered they were both widoweD、They talked on and on.At midnight, they said good night, turned off their computers and went to bed, Mr. Solen in the south-western state of Nevada, and Mrs. Oakes in the north-western state of Washington. From then on they talked nearly every day via their computers until their marriage. Computers are playingCupid for what seems to be an unlikely target—a generation that didn’t know the difference between a mouse and a modem until they reached 60. Now, older adults are plugged in to exchange gardening tips, debate religion ,or try to recall the lines of old time popular songs. The marriage between seniors and computers is, in fact, perfectly natural. They grew up in a time when people wrote weekly letters to each other and kept journals and diaries.A、computer is an easier way to do the same. With no risk of censure or rejection, grandfathers can let their hair down.Church-going people confess they are not really sure what they think about religion. People who always thought of themselves as conserved and "respectable" may be found flirting shamelessly with correspondents who live 500 miles away. If anyone dislikes the company or the discussion, they don’t have to be polite. "Just hit the control button and you’re gone," says Joann Oakes. |
| 第3题：{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}} So, what the beck, he decided to teach them Shakespeare. Five families agreed to let their children play "Macbeth" for two hours after school. This proved to be so much fun that, within weeks,Esquith had 28 kids happily soaking up the drama of blood and betrayal in medieval ScotlanD、They were learning many words they had never heard before. But whenEsquith asked a school district supervisor for official approval, he received this note: " Mr.Esquith, it is not appropriate that you stay after school to teach Shakespeare. It would be better if you did something with the children that is academiC、" It would not be the last time that the narrow thinking of bigcity school administration got inEsquith’s way. Yet the bearded, 6-foot-tall cyclone has proved that a teacher who thinks very big— much harder lessons, larger projects, extra class time—can help disadvantaged children in ways most educators never imagine. This was difficult at first, until he stumbled upon a concept of teaching that is at the core of his success.American children, even those from hardworking immigrant cultures, have inEsquith’s view been wrongly taught that learning should always be fun, by teachers who think hard lessons are bad for kids from low-income homes. When faced with something difficult, such ’students don’t know what to do. TheDeclaration of Independence saysAmericans are entitled to the pursuit of happiness, but the emphasis in public schooling has been on the happiness, he believes. "What happened to pursuit "Esquith saiD、So he has created an entirely new universe in his classroom, cherishing effort and the slogan, "ThereAre No Shortcuts". As for their own dramatic performances,Esquith got around the original ban on his after-school "Macbeth" rehearsals by switching to Thornton Wilder’s " Our Town. " When that class finally performed the Shakespeare play, a school district supervisor showed up. The high-ranking district administrator came up afterward and shook his hanD、"Rare," she said, " I’ve never seen Shakespeare done better. " |
| 第4题：TheEnglish word "veto" means "I will not permit". It is a way for one member of a group or government to (61) action by other members. For example, the United Nations SecurityCouncil (62) five permanent members, the United States,China,Britain, France and RussiA、 (63) can use the veto to block action by the whole group.Britain and France did this in 1956. They vetoed a resolution (64) Israel to withdraw its forces fromEgyptian territory. The most (65) use of the veto is by an executive over the legislative in a government with a president. The United StatesConstitution (66) such a veto. The (67) also says a president’s veto can be changed by a second vote ofCongress. This is called overriding the president’s veto. For a bill to become law, (68) of the members of both houses ofCongress (69) vote to override the president’s veto. ThroughoutAmerican history, presidents (70) more than 2 500 congressional bills.Congress has been able to override the president’s veto (71) 104 times. Presidents in the late 1800s and early 1700s did not use the veto frequently. In the 1940s,President Franklin Roosevelt vetoed more than 600 bills.But he was president for 12 years, much longer than anyone else. More recently, President Ronald Reagan vetoed (72) in his eight years in office.And GeorgeBush vetoed 44 bills in four years. Today,Congress is approving bills designed to (73) the size and cost of the federal government. PresidentClinton does not (74) all the congressional plans. He has different ideas about (75) parts of government should be cut and by how much. He already vetoed at least one of these bills. A．calling off B．calling for C．calling upon D．calling up |
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