| 在职申硕英语考试易错题（2019/6/6） |
| 第1题：Passage TwoPeople are living longer than ever, but for some reason, women are living longer than men. A、baby boy born in the United States in 2003 can expect to live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79. This is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows why it exists. The greater longevity (长寿) of women, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller then—the gap is growing. A、number of reasons have been proposed to account for the differences. The gap is greatest in industrialized societies, so it has been suggested that women are less susceptible to work strains that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism. Sociologists also tell us that women are encouraged to be Jess adventurous than men (and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved in fewer accidents). Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy. It was once suggested that working women are more likely to smoke and as more women entered the work force, the age gap would begin to close, because smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now, however, we see more women smoking and they still tend to live longer although their lung cancer rate is climbing sharply.One puzzling aspect of the problem is that women do not appear to be as healthy as men. That is, they report far more illnesses.But when a man reports an illness, it is more likely to be serious.Some researchers have suggested that men may die earlier because their health is more strongly related to their emotions. For example, men tend to die sooner after losing a spouse than women do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a joB、Both of these are linked with a marked decrease in the effectiveness of the immune system).Among men, death follows retirement with an alarming promptness.Perhaps we are searching for the answers too close to the surface or the problem. Perhaps the answers lie deeper in our biological heritage.After all, the phenomenon is not isolated to humans. Females have the edge among virtually all mammalian (哺乳动物) species, in that they generally live longer. Furthermore, in many of these species the differences begin at the moment of conception; there are more male miscarriages (流产). In humans, after birth, more baby boys than girls die. What is the main idea of the passage A、The greater longevity of women remains a mystery. B．That women are healthier than men well explains their longevity. C．People are living longer as a result of industrialization. D．Women are less emotionally affected by difficulties in life. |
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| 第2题： The two countries will assign counter-drug officials to their respective embassies on a ______basis. A．fundamental B．similar C．reciprocal D．reasonable |
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| 第3题： "You try to get some sleep. I'll ______the patient's breakfast," said the nurse. A．see to B．stick to C．get to D．lead to |
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第4题：If he (was to come) here this afternoon, I (should ask) him to go to the party (held) by student (union).
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| 第5题：{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}} Just as bodies require more maintenance with the passing years, so do brains, which scientists now know show signs of aging as early as the 20s and 30s. "Brain aging starts at a very young age, younger than any of us have imagined and these processes continue gradually over the years," saidDr. Gary Small, the director of theCenter onAging at the University ofCalifornia, LosAngeles. "I’m convinced that it is never too early to get started on a mental or brain-fitness program," he addeD、 In his book, "The MemoryBible," the 51-year-old neuroscientist lists what he refers to as the 10 commandments for keeping the brain young. They include training memory, building skills, minimizing stress, mental exercises, brain food and a healthy lifestyle. It’s a game plan for keeping brain cells sparking and neural networks in tip-top shape. "Misplacing your keys a couple of times doesn’t mean you should start labeling your cabinets. Memory loss is not an inevitable consequence of aging. Our brains can fight back," he saiD、 Small provides the weapons for a full-scale attack.According to him, simple memory tests give an indication of what you are up against and tools such as look, snap and connect are designed to make sure that important things such as names and dates are never forgotten. "So if you want to learn names and faces, for example, you meet Mrs.Beatty and you notice a distinguishing facial feature, maybe a prominent eyebrow," said Small. "You associate the first thing that comes to minD、 I think of the actor WarrenBeatty so I create a mental snapshot of WarrenBeatty kissing her brow. " Small admits it may sound a bit strange but he says it works. " Mental exercises could be anything from doing crossword puzzles and writing with your left hand if you are right handed or learning a language. It could be anything that is fun that people enjoy doing", he addeD、 He also recommends physical exercise, a low-fat diet and eating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as fish, walnuts andBrazil nuts, and fruits and vegetables high in antioxidants (抗氧化剂) including blueberries and onions in addition to reducing stress. |